Exam 1: HTML, CSS PHP
What is the syntax for string indexed arrays:
"a" => "hakfha"
What is the typical value for name in the meta tag?
"keywords" or "descriptions"
What are teh entities for the following cahracters & < " ' 1/4 deg (space)
& < " ' ¼ °
At which port does a web server wait for incoming requests?
80
What is the syntax of an HTML comment
<!--content here -->
What new HTML element is required for HTML5 files
<!DOCYTYPE html>
PHP code is typicall containe dbetween what tags
<?php ?>
What tag labels a textbox?
<label> textbooks dex </label> input type: "text" name = "uname" size = "50"
Write the html code linking to an image on a webpage
<p> <a href = "inserturl.com"> <img src = littleDogsRock.jpg" alt = "Little rocking dog:"/> </a> </p>
What is the syntax for adding a timestamp to a document
<time datetime = ""> Augsust 8 , 2012 T09:00 am </time>'
What is the most important tag(s) in the head element?
<title> </title> <meta>
What is the extension for a saved html file?
.html or .htm
Comments in CSS
/* */
What tag specifies the table's: 1. header 2. cell 3. row
1. <th> 2. <td> 3. <tr>
Why cascading? List in order of override
1. Browser's default 2. external style sheet [LINK] 3. Document style sheets created in the style tag of of the page's HEADER [STYLE] 4. inline style (STYLE ATTRIBUTE )
What are the two PHP modes of operation
1. Copy Mode - plain HTML is copied to the output file 2. Interpret Mode - PHP code in the input file is interepreted and the output from that code sent to output file
What are the steps to a browswer fetching web pagews?
1. Enter the URL 2. Communication protocol: The browser sends the request using HTTP 3. Resolve host (where information is fetched to computer by way of IP addresses) 4. Web server does its thing 5. Displayed in browser
What are the parts of the HTTPrequest/response
1. Header: general info about the communication 2. Body: contains the data of the communication
What does a web server do when it receives a request from browser?
1. Translates into a file name ◼ File is returned to browser 2. Or translates into a program name ◼ Program is executed and output returned to browse
What is a web server's role?
1. Wait for incoming request 2. Receive request 3. Return the resource as an HTTP response
What are tge two attributes if the meta element
1. name 2. content
What are the two parts of HTTP:
1. request phase 2. response phase
What are the differences in font sizes for the headers
1.,2,3 uses largeer than default faunt size 4 uses the same 5 and 6 uses smaller
Create a table with column headers "Name" and "Role">
<table> <caption> About human </caption> <tr> <th> Name </th> <th> Role </th> </tr>
What is the syntax for a tag with no content? What is an example of a tag that uses this syntax?
<tag/> A common tag that uses this syntax is the break tag: <br/>
What is the syntax for an HTML tag
<tag> Content: aodhfkla </tag>
Add a row to a table with the following cell values: "Barack" "Obamaa"
<tr> <td> Barrack </td> <td> Obama</td>
What is the syntax for adding video/audio to HTML
<video/audio attributes> <source scr = ""> </video/audio>
What is the purpose of the div tag?>
Allows you to identify entire sections of the documentEasy because it makes it easier to apply styles
Array and object are what kind of data types
Compound
Doubel vs single quoetes
Double quoted strings have escape sequences interpreted and variables interpolated Single quoted strings have neither escape sequence interpretation nor variable interpolation A literal $ sign in a double quoted string must be escaped with a backslash, \\ Double outputs what yu want single doesnt
What are the four benefits of PHP
SCEP. S- security C- compatability E- efficiency P- power: few restrictions
What do search engines use the meta element for?
Some web search engines use info provided within the meta element to categorize and index web pages
What tag gives a table a title
The <caption> tag
Controls checkboxes and radio buttons require an additional ____ attribute
Value
What are someexamples of in=line tags
bold text, code fragments, images
Which attribute is used for spacing distance between cells and what are their potential valuese
cellspacing
An HTML _____ is made of _____ and content
element, tags
Generic selectors
example = .sale h3.sale p.sale or h3 class = "sale" p class = "sale"
lists are line tags
false. block
The _____ and _____ are two new tags in HTML5 that hold thd head element and closing elements.
header and footer
Test what kind of data type with the ___function
is-type?
String concatenation is indicated with a___
period
What attribute allows you to span several rows
rowspan = "" usually embededd in <th>
What are Domain Name Servers (DNS)
servers that map domain names to IP addresses
What does the method" attribute due>
specifies GET/POST method
What funciton deletes an array element
unset
Which attribute is used for vertically placing data in cells and what are their potential valuese
valign: top, bottom, center
PHP comments syntax is
# or // OR /* */
What is the syntax for a variable in PHP
$ these are case sensitives keywords and function names are not
What is the syntax and purpose for anchor tags
Act as a pointer to a resource <a/>
What are the advantages/disadvantages of POST?
Advantages of POST Information is more private (not shown in browser) Disadvantages of POST Can't be bookmarked Browser can't easily go back (POSTDATA error)
Class selector
Allow different occurences of the SAME tag to have diffeernt stype elements.
What are some web server common response status codes?
Code-- Meaning 200 --OK: request succeeded 3XX --Redirection (temp. or permanent) 403 --Error: no permission 404 -- Error: file not found 500 -- Internal server error
When a file is included PHP interpreter reverts to ____mode
Copy
What does the clear property do
Disallows any floating elements from overalpping an element Can be left, right, both or none
What is the purpose for CSS
Exclusively to specify presentation styles; allows more precise and consistent definition of presentation specifications
T/F Block tags may appear in content of inline tag
False
T/F Nested ordered lists can be achieved by using the following format: <ol> <ol> <li> Jack </li> <li> Hill </li> </ol> <ol>
False. A ol, ul or dl list tag cannot follow another of its kind.
T/F It is not necessary for attributes to contain values
False. Attributes MUST have values
T/F HTML is a newwer evolution of the HTML standard but is not the latest
False. HTML 5 is the latest evoltuion There are new elements, atttributes and beheaviors introduced; It allows yout describe your content precisely.
T/F HTML 5 supports tables and borders while HTML does not
False. HTML5 supports tables but not borders; CSS must be used for this
T/F Inline tags are independent of block level tags and do not require nesting
False. In-line tags MUST be nested inside of a block level tag
T/F: Whitespace in HTML is meaningful
False. It is typically collapsed into single space
T/F PHP is a client side scripting language embededded in XHTML pages
False. Server side
T/F Tags are not case senstive
False. Tags MUST be lowercase
The <br/> tag is a block tag
False. it is in a in-line tag that needs to be nested in a block tag
T/F li are bulleted lists
False. they represent one item in a list and are typically nested in ul, ol or dl tags. As such they show upas the master list's style
Anchor tags are actually block tags
False; they are inline and must be nested
What does HTML stand for and what does it do?
Hypertext Markup Language; HTML describes the content and structure of information on a web page
What is the header of the html for?
It contains information about the page
What does the body of the html page do
It contains the page's contents
How can "Span" be used in text?
It sure is fun to be in <span class = "spanred"> total </span> control of text
What is the meta tag used for?
Provides more info about your document and what the page includes descriptions/keywords/content type <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <meta name="keywords" content="world wide web,www" /> <meta name="descriptions" content="this page dsecribes the invent of the world wide web"/>
Links can point to other local documents. These include ____ paths and ___paths. For example:
Relative paths e.g. /images/test.html, absolute paths e.g. C:/IS448/images/test.html
ID selectors
Style rule only applied to elements with the id name HTML if p id - "mission statement" css then #missionstatement { }
Forms must have what button?
Submit
All controls other than ____ and___ require a "name attribute
Submit, Reset
What are the new section, article, adie and nav elements used for?
The section Element - a container for sections. for content that doesn't make sense on its own. The article Element - a container for selfcontained part of a document. for a stand alone piece of content. The aside Element - a container for tangential info The nav Element - navigation sections (list of links)
What is the web host?
The web hostname is the name of the host that holds all fof the resources
What is different about floating elements
These are removed from normal document flow Underlying text wraps around floating elements as necessary float can have values: left, right or none
T/ F HTML 5 supports the embedding of audio and video elements
True
T/F Block tags automatically breaks the current line so that content appears on a new line
True
T/F HTML is written in plain text
True
T/F Only block tags can be nested directly in a body or a form element
True
TF Inline tag and text cannot directly be nested in body or form elements
True
The required attribute ____ specifies the kind of control
Type
What are headings used for in html?
Used to separate major areas of text
What does the input tag do
Used to specify form controls such as: text, passwords, checkboxes, radio, actio nbuttons, submit, reset, plain
What is the syntax for an HTML tag with an attribute? Show this for tags with and without content.
WITH CONTENT: <tag attribute = "value" attibute = "value> content </tag> Example: <a href = umbc.edu> The nexus is here. </a> WITHOUT CONTENT: <tag attribute = "value" /> Example: <img src = "ShaniahWinsTheLottery.jpg" />
T/F The title tag is required for _____validation and must be present in ____
XHTML the head tag
Which attribute is used for aligning tables and what are their potential valuese
algin: left, right, center
Universal selectors are denoted by a(n) __
asterik *
Which attribute is used for spacing betweenc cell content and the inner walls of the cell and what are their potential valuese
cellpadding: numerical value
What attribute allows you to span several columns?
colspan "" usually embededd in <th>
Form controls include: ______and labels
controls/widgets
What is the typical value for content in the meta tag?
corresponding words e.g. "binary trees", "linked lists"
An HTML page is made up of HTML _____
elements
What are the common formats for images
gif, jpeg, png (most recent)
What does an html page begin and end with?
html tags <html> <head> Info about the page goes here </head> <body> Page contents go here </body> </html>
What is the idfference between import and link
import cna use markup as well as style rules
What does the "Action" attribute due>
it specifies the URL of program on the server to be called when user hits submit button
What does <fieldset> and <legend> do?
legend:CAPTION for the content of its parent fieldset: GROUP related elements
What is the syntax for linking an external style sheet
link rel = "stylesheet" type = "text/css" href="filename"
What attribute limits the number of characters in a textbox?
maxlength
What are the three types of lists in html?
ordered ol unordered ul definition dl
What are some examples of block level tags?
paragraphs, lists, table cells
Array elements are placed between__
parenthesis
What are the two output statements for PHP
print echo
Simple selector
single XTML element namw e.g. h1, h2
indexed elements are found using
square brackets
What are the two simplest for attributes for image tags?
src and alt
What are the fundamental syntactic units for HTML called?
tags
What attributes determine the size of an image
width and height