Exam 1: Review Questions

A multi-lineage cytokine among ILs is: a. IL-1 b. IL-2 c. IL-3 d. IL-4

a. IL-1

Normal adult Hgb A contains the following polypeptide chains: a. alpha and beta b. alpha and delta c. alpha and gamma d. alpha and epsilon

a. alpha and beta

After focusing a specimen by using the 40x objective, the laboratory professional switches to a 10x objective. The specimen remains in focus at 10x. Microscopes with this characteristic is described as: a. parfocal b. parcentric c. conpensated d. parachromatic

a. parfocal

A stained blood smear is held up to the light and observed to be bluer than normal. What microscopic abnormality might be expected on this smear? a. rouleaux b. spherocytosis c. reactive lymphocytes d. decreased WBC count

a. rouleaux

What is the proper angle of needle insertion for phlebotomy? a. 5 degrees b. 15 degrees c. 35 degrees d. 45 degrees

b. 15 degrees

Which of the following hematopoietic growth factors is primarily produced in the liver? a. EPO b. TPO c. GM-CSF d. M-CSF

b. TPO

Use of which of the following objective lenses causes the center of the microscope field to be in focus, while the periphery is blurred? a. planachromatic b. achromatic c. planapochromatic d. flat field

b. achromatic

When is the proper time to label a tube of blood? a. at the bedside immediately before drawing b. at the bedside immediately after drawing c. at the nurses station immediately after drawing d. immediately upon return to the laboratory

b. at the bedside immediately after drawing

What are the major hematopoietic sites in the fetus and in the adult? a. fetus: lymph nodes adult: bone marrow b. fetus: liver adult: bone marrow c. fetus: liver adult: spleen d. fetus: bone marrow adult: liver

b. fetus: liver adult: bone marrow

The process of formation and development of blood cells is termed: a. leukopoiesis b. hematopoiesis c. thrombopoiesis d. erythropoisesis

b. hematopoiesis

The most frequent cause of needle punctures is: a. patient movement during venipuncture b. improper disposal of phlebotomy equipment c. inattention during removal of needle after venipuncture d. failure to attach needle firmly to syringe or tube holder

b. improper disposal of phlebotomy equipment

The vein of choice for performing routine venipuncture is: a. basilic b. cephalic c. median cubital d. femoral

b. median cubital

A RBC precursor is seen in the peripheral blood. It is 1.5-2x larger than a mature RBC, has a low nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, has a round nucleus with pyknotic chromatic (dark and dense), no nucleoli, and the cytoplasm is grayish-orange in color. a. reticulocyte b. orthochromic normoblast c. basophilic normoblast d. pronormoblast

b. orthochromic normoblast

What is the very first step in the phlebotomy procedure? a. cleansing the site b. patient identification c. locating the vein d. using the correct evacuated tubes

b. patient identification

The most important practice in preventing the spread of disease is: a. wearing masks during patient contact b. proper hand washing c. wearing disposable laboratory coats d. identifying specimens from known HIV/HBV patients with a red label

b. proper hand washing

Hypoxia stimulates RBC production by: a. inducing more pluripotent stem cells into the erythroid lineage b. stimulating EPO production in the kidney c. increasing the number of RBC mitoses d. stimulating production of fibronectin by macrophages of the bone marrow

b. stimulating EPO production in the kidney

In the appropriate area for performing a white blood cell estimate, there are 1-2 white cells seen per high dry field. The automated cell counter white count on the same patient is 20.6 x 10³/µL. What is the correct interpretation? a. the estimate matches the count; report the results b. the estimate does not match the count; investigate for labeling error c. repeat the estimate on oil immersion d. replace the stain

b. the estimate does not match the count; investigate for labeling error

The needle should be inserted into the arm with the bevel facing: a. down b. up c. to either side d. makes no difference

b. up

Which of the following is the earliest erythrocyte progenitor? a. pronormoblast b. reticulocyte c. CFU-E d. orthochromic normoblast

c. CFU-E

In which situation would an MSD be most helpful? a. a phlebotomist has experienced a needle puncture with a clean needle b. a fire extinguisher failed during routine testing c. a pregnant lab staff member has asked whether she needs to be concerned about working with a given reagent d. during a safety inspection, and aged microscope power supply is found to have frayed power cord

c. a pregnant lab staff member has asked whether she needs to be concerned about working with a given reagent

The nature of the interaction between 2,3-BPG and Hgb is that 2,3-BPG : a. binds to the heme moiety blocking the binding of oxygen b. binds simultaneously with oxygen to ensure it stays bound until it reaches the tissues when both molecules release from Hgb c. binds to amino acids of the globin chain, contributing to a conformation change that inhibits oxygen from binding to heme d. oxidizes Hgb iron, diminishing oxygen binding and promoting oxygen delivery to the tissues

c. binds to amino acids of the globin chain, contributing to a conformation change that inhibits oxygen from binding to heme

Which of the following gathers, organizes and directs light at the specimen? a. ocular b. objective lens c. condenser d. optical tube

c. condenser

On a run of 20 hemoglobin samples, 95% are 0.4 g/dL more than known values. This type of error is known as: a. random b. proportional systematic c. constant systematic d. coefficient of variation

c. constant systematic

Which of the following is a feature of normal cells as they mature? a. overall size increases b. nucleoli become prominent c. nuclear chromatin becomes more condensed d. cytoplasmic basophilia (blueness) increaes

c. nuclear chromatin becomes more condensed

An anticoagulant is an additive placed in evacuated tubes to: a. make the blood clot faster b. dilute the blood before testing c. prevent the blood from clotting d. ensure the sterility of the tube

c. prevent the blood from clotting

All of the following can be determined from a peripheral blood smear except: a. red cell morphology b. white cell estimate c. red cell estimate d. platelet estimate

c. red cell estimate

Which organ is the site of sequestration of platelets? a. liver b. thymus c. spleen d. bone marrow

c. spleen

Extravascular hemolysis occurs when: a. RBCs are in the veins and arteries b. RBCs extravasate from the blood vessels into the tissues c. splenic macrophages ingest senescent cells bearing autologous IgG d. erythrocytes are trapped in blood clots outside the blood vessels

c. splenic macrophages ingest senescent cells bearing autologous IgG

The predominant Hgb found in a normal newborn is : a. Gower 1 b. Gower 2 c. A d. F

d. F

Who is responsible for laboratory employee safety? a. OSHA - occupational safety and health administration b. employer c. employee d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What is the recommended order of draw when evacuated tube system is used? a. gel separator, nonadditive, coagulation, and blood culture b. additive, nonadditive, gel separator, and blood culture c. nonadditive, blood culture, coagulation, and other additives d. blood culture, coagulation, nonadditive, and gel separator or other additives

d. blood culture, coagulation, nonadditive, and gel separator or other additives

Universal precautions apply to all of the following except: a. blood b. cerebral spinal fluid c. semen d. concentrated acid

d. concentrated acid

A Hgb molecule is composed of: a. one heme molecule and four globin chains b. ferrous iron, protoporphyrin IX and a globin chain c. protoporphyrin IX and four globin chains d. four heme molecules and four globin chains

d. four heme molecules and four globin chains

What is the correct interpretation if a 15.0 g/dL hemoglobin standard consistently reads 11.0 g/dL on your hematology analyzer? a. this is an acceptable agreement b. imprecise c. insensitive d. inaccurate

d. inaccurate

During mid-fetal life, the primary source of blood cells is the: a. bone marrow b. spleen c. lymph nodes d. liver

d. liver

A low CV (close to zero) indicates that the white blood counts on a cell counter are: a. accurate b. highly reliable c. properly calibrated d. precise

d. precise

With regard to the chemical safety label what does the yellow portion indicate a. fire threat b. health safety c. special precautions d. reactivity

d. reactivity