Exam #2 (CH 40 - Musculoskeletal Function)

c. "Your muscles were in a state of hypertrophy from the weight lifting but it will persist only if the exercise is continued."

5. A patient tells the nurse, "I was working out and lifting weights and now that I have stopped, I am flabby and my muscles have gone!" What is the best response by the nurse? a. "While you are lifting weights, endorphins are released, creating increase in muscle mass, but if the muscles are not used they will atrophy." b. "The muscle mass has decreased from the lack of calcium in the cells." c. "Your muscles were in a state of hypertrophy from the weight lifting but it will persist only if the exercise is continued." d. "Once you stop exercising, the contraction of the muscle does not regain its strength."

d. The loss is from withdrawal of estrogen and a decrease in activity levels.

6. After a bone density test, an older adult female patient tells the nurse, "I don't understand why I have osteoporosis because I eat well and take my calcium." What does the nurse understand is the reason that the patient may have osteoporosis? a. Everyone gets osteoporosis and there is nothing you can do to prevent it. b. Men lose more bone mass than women but women still lose some. c. In order to prevent bone loss, women have to take hormones. d. The loss is from withdrawal of estrogen and a decrease in activity levels.

a. Paresthesia

7. A patient comes to the clinic and informs the nurse of numbness, tingling, and a burning sensation in the arm from the elbow down to the fingers. What type of symptom would this be documented as? a. Paresthesia b. Flaccidity c. Atonia d. Effusion

b. Flaccidity

4. A patient has had a stroke and is unable to move the right upper and lower extremity. During assessment the nurse picks up the arm and it is limp and without tone. How would the nurse document this finding? a. Rigidity b. Flaccidity c. Atonic d. Tetanic

c. The patient has rheumatoid arthritis.

9. The nurse assesses soft subcutaneous nodules along the line of the tendons in a patient's hand and wrist. What does this finding indicate to the nurse? a. The patient has osteoarthritis. b. The patient has lupus erythematosus. c. The patient has rheumatoid arthritis. d. The patient has neurofibromatosis.

a. Pale, cyanotic, or mottled color b. Cool temperature of the extremity c. More than 3-second capillary refill

11. The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient who may have peripheral neurovascular dysfunction. What signs does the patient present with that indicate circulation is impaired? (Select all that apply.) a. Pale, cyanotic, or mottled color b. Cool temperature of the extremity c. More than 3-second capillary refill d. Tenting skin turgor e. Limited range of motion

a. Apply a compression bandage to the area. c. Administer a mild analgesic. d. Inform the patient that a clicking or crackling noise in the joint may persist for a couple of days.

13. A patient is having repeated tears of the joint capsule in the shoulder, and the physician orders an arthrogram. What intervention should the nurse provide after the procedure is completed? (Select all that apply.) a. Apply a compression bandage to the area. b. Apply heat to the area for 48 hours. c. Administer a mild analgesic. d. Inform the patient that a clicking or crackling noise in the joint may persist for a couple of days. e. Actively exercise the area immediately after the procedure.

c. Bursitis

3. A patient tells the physician about shoulder pain that is present even without any strenuous movement. The physician identifies a sac filled with synovial fluid. What condition should the nurse educate the patient about? a. A fracture of the clavicle b. Osteoarthritis of the shoulder c. Bursitis d. Ankylosing spondylitis

d. Kyphosis

8. The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult patient and observes the patient has an increased forward curvature of the thoracic spine. What does the nurse understand this common finding is known as? a. Lordosis b. Scoliosis c. Osteoporosis d. Kyphosis

b. Clonus

10. The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient with pregnancy-induced hypertension. When assessing the reflexes in the ankle, the nurse observes rhythmic contractions of the muscle when dorsiflexing the foot. What would the nurse document this finding as? a. Positive Babinski reflex b. Clonus c. Hypertrophy d. Ankle reflex

b. Serial x-rays

2. A patient has a fracture that is being treated with open rigid compression plate fixation devices. How will the progress of bone healing be monitored? a. Remove the plate and determine if the bone is growing back. b. Serial x-rays c. Arthroscopy d. The bone will heal on its own without intervention.

a. Reactive phase, reparative phase, remodeling phase

1. A patient has a fracture of the right femur sustained in an automobile accident. What process of fracture healing does the nurse understand will occur with this patient? a. Reactive phase, reparative phase, remodeling phase b. Primary phase, secondary phase, third phase c. First intention, secondary intention, third intention d. Active phase, dormant phase, restructure phase