Exam 2: Sleep

Most young adults have a circadian rhythm that tells them to fall asleep _____ in the evening and to wake up _______ in the morning than older adults.

Later;later

Light alerts the biological clock to slow down the secretion of which hormone that promotes sleep?

Melatonin

The human brain cycles into two main stages of sleep. They are

NREM Sleep and REM sleep

Which of the following statements about the effects of caffeine, alcohol, or nicotine on sleep is FALSE?

People who smoke one pack of cigarettes a day have been shown to sleep more deeply than nonsmokers.

Stage ________ of NREM sleep represents the beginning of actual sleep.

2

If a person is awakened during stage 1 of NREM sleep, he or she will often deny having been asleep.

True

Melatonin is naturally secreted by the pineal gland is response to darkness; it lowers body temperature and causes drowsiness.

True

Memory can be impaired by missing the REM sleep periods that come later in the sleep cycle.

True

Most individual's deep sleep takes places in the first third of the night.

True

One should avoid eating heavy meals within three hours of bedtime, particularly meals with high fat content.

True

REM sleep is sometimes called paradoxical sleep because the sleeper has no muscle tone and cannot move his or her body.

True

Restoration and growth take place during the deepest sleep stages.

True

Sleeping one hour less than your body needs each night of the week feels to your body like staying up all night.

True

The structure of sleep is essentially the same for men and women.

True

When dreaming, an individual has periods of no muscle tone or movement, except for eyes, diaphragm, nasal membranes, and erectile tissue.

True

Which of the following statements about human sleep cycle is true?

Typically, an individual experiences four to five sleep cycles each night.

Which of the following statements about REM sleep is true?

While dreaming, eyes may dart around as if watching a dream unfold

Which of the following statements about prescription sleep medication is true?

The national sleep foundation considers imidazopyridines the best prescriptive sleep aids.

Which of the following individuals is most likely to suffer from sleep apnea?

Don- smoker, 40 pounds overweight, sleep on back, age 50

A well-rested person will fall asleep as soon as his or her head hits the pillow at night, and a sleep deprived person will need 15 to 20 min to fall asleep.

False

Although dreams may occur in all stages of sleep, they generally happen in stages 3 and 4 of NREM sleep.

False

An individual napping more than 45 min will be less groggy than an individual napping for 15-45 minutes.

False

Attempting to cancel out sleep debt by sleeping longer on the weekend is a viable solution to decreasing weekday sleep deprivation.

False

Chronic insomnia is usually rather simple to treat.

False

In a poll by the National Sleep Foundation, Slightly less than 20 percent of adults reported experiencing one or more symptoms of insomnia at least a few nights a week.

False

Most people suffering from sleepwalking disorder do not have a family history of this disorder.

False

Most young adults have a circadian rhythm that tells them to fall asleep later in the evening and to wake up earlier in the morning than other adults.

False

Nicotine from tobacco is a stimulant that can enhance sleep.

False

Obstructive sleep apnea is more rare than central sleep apnea.

False

Over the course of a night, an individual spends more time in REM sleep than in NREM sleep.

False

Sleeping on one's back reduces the symptoms of sleep apnea.

False

Typically, an individual experiences one sleep cycle each night.

False

Vigorous exercise just before sleep raises an individuals core body temperature and induces drowsiness and deeper sleep.

False

With advancing age, people may experience a reduction in deep sleep and REM sleep, along with more NREM stage 1 sleep.

False

Women are more at risk than men are for developing sleep apnea.

False

Which of the following statements about the association between sleep and health is FALSE?

Good nutrition and exercise are more important to a healthy lifestyle than sleep.

Dave lies in bed for a full hour each night before falling asleep and then proceeds to wake up multiple times throughout the night. He most likely has what sleep disorder?

Insomnia

Sleep disorders include all of the following except

REM behavior disorder

Scientists believe that creative and novel ideas are more likely to flourish during which state of sleep?

REM sleep

At which stage of NREM sleep will you feel most groggy if you are suddenly awakened from it?

Stage 4

Molly often awakes snorting gasping for air in the middle of the night. Molly most likely has what sleep disorder?

sleep apnea

Which of the following statements regarding sleep apnea is FALSE?

sleep apnea is characterized by continuous snorting

Which of the following statements about sleepwalking disorder is true?

sleepwalking may be brought on by excessive sleep deprivation, fatigue, stress, illness, or sedatives.

All of the following are causes of insomnia in adult women, EXCEPT

bulky soft tissue in the neck and throat

The suprachiasmic nuclei

control falling asleep and awakening

Which of the following does not help create a sleep-friendly environment?

ensuring variety in bedtimes rituals, keeping your mind engaged long enough for sleep to take hold

The pituitary gland releases

growth hormone, which increases relaxation and sleepiness

Usually, a multiple sleep latency test

is repeated five times during the day in a sleep clinic.

Which of the following is not an effect of sleep deprivation?

lowered blood sugar

Zach often wakes up in the morning and finds his refrigerator empty and wonders where all the food went. He may have which sleep disorder?

nocturnal eating disorder