exam 3

A couple has one child. Three years later they are expecting another child. Assuming that there are no new mutations and that there is no meiotic crossover, what are the chances that the second child will be genetically identical to the first child?

(1/2)^46

What is the net total of ATP made at the end of all processes of cellular respiration using 1 molecule of glucose?

-34-36 ATP

A young man (32) with colon cancer was found to have sporadic mutation in the APC gene in his colon cells. What are the chances he will pass this mutated allele on to his child?

0%

If a mutagen such as aflatoxin reacts with DNA in a cell to form a single DNA adduct, after four cell divisions, how many of the resulting cells are likely to have the DNA adduct?

1

Energy and matter

Cannot be created or destroyed but can be transformed into different forms

The purpose of photosynthesis is to...

Capture sunlight energy and store it as chemical energy in the bonds of sugars built from carbon dioxide molecules from the air.

What is the original source of DRY MASS in your body?

Carbon Dioxide

Which of the following cells are most likely to acquire mutation?

Cells undergoing DNA replication

Energy from 2 acetyl CoA's are transferred to 6NADH, 2 FADH, 2 ATP, and 4 CO2 are released. Which process is occurring here?

Citric acid/Kreb's cycle

How do photo-oncogenes regulate cell division?

Code for proteins that stimulate cell division, prevent cell differentiation or apoptosis.

Which of the following is the most scientifically accurate statement about DNA replication compared to transcription translation (central dogma)

D. DNA replication occurs in some cells, while transcription/translation occurs in virtually all cells.

Which are the the following ordered correctly from largest to smallest?

D. Nucelotide, intron, gene, genome, skin cell

Which of the following is ordered from largest to smallest?

D. Plant cell, chloroplast, chlorophyll, glucose, carbon dioxide molecule.

Which of the following codes for P53?

E. Gametes, cells in the colon, and cells in the skin.

Which of the following are ordered correctly largest to smallest?

E. Mitochondria, virus, hemoglobin, glucose, water molecule.

There is a gene located on chromosome 17 in humans for which four different alleles have been identified. The maximum number of alleles a single normal individual can have is

2

Where does the energy stored in 1 glucose molecule get transferred to?

2 ATP, 2 pyruvate, 2 NADH

What is the molecular equation for photosynthesis?

6CO2+6H2O->C6H12O6+6O2

What is false about the light reactions process in photosynthesis?

?

Which type of cells do you think are most likely to aquire mutation?

Any cells

Which of the following is ordered from Largest to Smallest?

Bacteria, virus, hemoglobin, glucose, water molecule

What is the molecular equation for the cellular respiration?

C6H12O6+6CO2->6H2O

What molecule is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain?

Oxygen

Which of the following is generally true for recessive alleles?

They produce non-functional proteins or no protein at all.

You are trying to create a genetically engineered dairy cow that will be less likely to get cancer. Which of the following alterations to the cows genome is most likely to accomplish this task?

Gain-if-function mutation in a tumor suppressor gene.

Which type of cancer-causing mutations is most likely to be dominant?

Gain-of-function mutation is a proto-oncogene

Which process does not take place in the mitochondria?

Glycolysis

A slot machine has 10 slots. Each slot has 4 different fruits on the spinner (apple, pear, grape, cherry) What are the odds of getting a cherry in both the first and the second slot?

1/16

You have 23 pairs of chromosomes in your somatic cells. Each homologous pair is comprised of one chromosome from your mother and one chromosome from your father. What are the chances of making a gamete (sperm cell or egg cell) in which all of the chromosomes are from your father?

1/2^23

Approximately how many cancer causing mutations are newly acquired?

10%

How is the process of combustion similar to the process of cellular respiration?

A,B,C: Both use oxygen, Both produce Carbon Dioxide, Both produce water.

Which of the following statements about getting from a GENE to a TRAIT is biologically accurate?

A. RNA polymerase produces RNA molecules during transcription.

If a silk gene from a spider is attached to a mammary gland promoter and inserted into the first cell of a goat embryo, which of the following is correct?

A. The silk transgender will be present in all cells of the adult goat. B. The silk protein will be produced in only the mammary cells in the adult goat.

How does aflatoxin affect the protein coded for by the p53 gene?

Aflatoxin acts as a DNA adduct, binding to the guanines in the p53 gene, causing a G to T substitution in the DNA sequence, causing the strand to be transcribed and translated incorrectly.

Which organisms will undergo cellular respiration

All of the above: Plants, Animals, Fungi

Which processes of cellular respiration requires oxygen gas?

Electron Transport Chain

Which cycle of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Electron Transport Chain/Chemiosmosis

What cells are capable of undergoing mitosis?

Liver cells and Skin cells

Suppose that you have two sheep of opposite sex. Both are homozygous. One has a black coat, and the other has a white coat, but you don't know which is the recessive trait. Which of the following investigations would reveal the dominant coat color?

Mate them together and see what color the offspring have-that will be the dominant coat color.

What is the original source of most ENERGY in your body right now?

Sunlight

Which of these is NOT true of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

The energy stored in NADPH and ATP gets transferred to sugars

If a single point mutation occurs at a random place in the genome, what is the most likely outcome?

The mutation will have no noticeable effect of the organism.

Remember what you have learned about the four major classes of biological macromoles. Which of the following statements are scientifically accurate?

The p53 transcription factor is made up of amino acids.

Energy is transferred from 2 pyruvates to 2 NADH, 2 acetyl CoA, and 2 CO2 are released. Which process is occurring here?

Transition reaction

Which processes of aerobic cellular respiration do not produce ATP?

Transition reaction

Pea plants can have purple flowers (dominant "A") or white flowers (recessive "a"). If a pen plant has white flowers, its genotype can be...

only aa