Exam 3 Human Bio

Each of the following statements correctly describes an action potential EXCEPT which one?

Action potentials are propagated by the sodium-potassium pump.

All of the following are TRUE regarding the effect of smoking on the respiratory system EXCEPT which one?

Antimicrobial compounds found in the respiratory mucus of smokers decrease the likelihood of infection.

Which one type of cells is responsible for producing and releasing antibodies?

B lymphocytes

How does external respiration differ from internal respiration?

External respiration refers to gas exchange between inhaled air and blood, whereas internal respiration refers to gas exchange between the blood and tissue fluids.

Gastric juice in the stomach is composed of

HCL, fluids secreted from gastric glands, pepsinogen

Which of the following is TRUE regarding lymph nodes?

They filter lymph fluid, trapping microorganisms and abnormal cells.

Which major digestive process involves nutrient molecules passing across the mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract into the blood or lymph?

absorption

All of the following represent physical and/or chemical barriers that form the body's first line of defense against pathogens EXCEPT which one?

antibodies

Oligodendrocytes are similar to Schwann cells in that they

are a type of neuroglial cell.

The rate and depth of normal breathing are determined by

carbon dioxide levels in the blood.

All of the following are involved in the process of breathing EXCEPT which one?

circulatory system

Which of the following are proteins in the blood that can be activated to lyse bacterial cells, mark other bacterial cells for destruction, and enhance inflammation?

complement

During inspiration, intercostal muscles function to

constrict the lungs so that intrapulmonary pressure increases.

Which one of the following is characteristic of T lymphocytes but NOT B lymphocytes?

direct attack of antigen-bearing cells

Which one of the following types of T cells is a critical component of the immune system because it stimulates and enhances the activity of other components of the immune system?

helper T cell

Which one of the following cells transmits impulses away from the central nervous system to the muscles and other organs?

motor neurons

The layer of the gastrointestinal tract wall that is responsible for motility is the

muscularis

Which of the following leukocytes kills its target cells, such as cancer cells or virus-infected cells, by releasing chemicals that break down the target cell membrane?

natural killer cells

A neuron at rest has a charge difference across its cell membrane, with the interior of the cell negative relative to the exterior. This difference in charge across the plasma membrane is referred to as ________ potential.

resting

Which one of the following provides the central nervous system with information about the outside environment?

sensory division

The digestion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates is completed in the

small intestine.

Nutrient-rich blood moves from the small intestine to the liver via

the hepatic portal system