Exam 3 review 31-40

Sam is an endurance athlete. A few days before he participates in a marathon race, he undergoes _______ to delay the onset of muscle fatigue during the event.

glycogen loading

Although the Body Mass Index (BMI) is used when determining appropriateness of a person's weight, it's not perfect. Which of the following personal characteristics does the BMI formula include?

height

Despite the claims made in advertisements or by fad diet promoters, there's no simple solution for treating obesity. The most reliable approaches to weight loss include all of the following, except ______.

increased dietary supplement use successful weight loss and long-term weight maintenance involve lifestyle and behavioral changes.

Which of the following substances is a medication that hasn't been approved by the FDA for weight loss?

yohimbe

According to experts with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, healthy adults should perform at least ______ minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week.

150 to 300 healthy adults should engage in at least 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week.

Bethany is training for a half-marathon. She trains for more than 90 minutes a day, on most days of the week. If Bethany weighs 130 pounds, approximately how many kilocalories per day should she consume to meet her energy needs and maintain her weight?

2655-2950 to maintain body weight while training, female endurance athletes need to consume 45-50 kcal per kg of body weight per day. 130 pounds divided by 2.2 pounds per kg = 59 kg. 59 kg × 45-50 kcal/kg = approximately 2655-2950 kcal per day.

Anthony is training for a half-marathon. He works out for more than 90 minutes a day, on most days of the week. If Anthony weighs 160 pounds, approximately how many kilocalories per day does he need to support his energy needs and maintain his current weight?

3650 male athletes who train or compete aerobically for more than 90 minutes daily need at least 50 kcal/kg/day to support their energy needs and maintain their weight. 160 pounds divided by 2.2 pounds per kg = approximately 73 kg. 73 kg × 50 kcal/kg/day = 3650 kcal

As he trains for a marathon, Anthony wants to increase the percentage of total kcal in his diet that is contributed by carbohydrates. On average, he consumes 2500 kcal per day during the training period. He wants 60% of his daily energy intake to be supplied by carbohydrates. Based on this information, he should consume _______ grams of carbohydrate daily.

375 60% of 2500 = 1500 kilocalories from carbohydrate. 1500 kilocalories from carbohydrate divided by 4 kilocalories per gram CHO = 375 g.

As she trains for a marathon, Kim wants to increase the percentage of total kcal in her diet that is contributed by carbohydrates. On average, she consumes 3200 kcal per day during the training period. She wants 60% of her daily calories to be supplied by carbohydrates. Based on this information, she should consume _______ grams of carbohydrate daily.

480 60% of 3200 kcal = 1920 kcal from carbohydrate. Each gram of carbohydrate supplies 4 kcal. 1920 kcal from carbohydrate divided by 4 kcal per gram CHO = 480 g.

As Vanessa trains for a marathon, she wants to increase the percentage of total kcal in her diet that is contributed by carbohydrates. On average, she consumes 3400 kcal per day during the training period. She wants 60% of her daily calories to be supplied by carbohydrates. Based on this information, she should consume _______ grams of carbohydrate daily.

510 60% of 3400 kcal = 2040 kcal from carbohydrate. Each gram of carbohydrate supplies 4 kcal. 2040 kcal from carbohydrate divided by 4 kcal per gram CHO = 510 g.

Anthony is training for a half-marathon. On days when he runs for more than an hour, what should he consume during his run and why?

a sports drink because it provides carbohydrate, electrolytes, and water, which help prevent dehydration and improve performance

Lawrence doesn't know that long-term energy imbalance will lead to a change in his body weight. He can expect to gain weight when his ________.

caloric intake exceeds his energy expenditure if caloric intake exceeds output over time, overweight (and often obesity) is a likely result.

A person who _______ has a higher risk of developing an eating disorder than a person who does not have this characteristic.

is overly concerned about his or her body shape many American adolescents and young adults are concerned about their body shape and weight. Furthermore, the media constantly bombard us with images of the "ideal" body. Television shows and movies often portray thin women or muscular men as happy and successful. Excessive concern about body size and social pressure to avoid weight gain can lead to abnormal food-related practices such as skipping meals, limiting food choices, following fad diets, and bingeing on food.

Which of the following statements about eating disorders is true?

media, especially movies and TV, often portray thin females as happy, successful, and confident

Where do you have visceral fat?

under your abdominal muscles and over your intestines