exam 4

Which list of intrusive, igneous rocks is placed in order from lowest to highest density?

Granite, Diorite, Gabbro, Peridotite

Which of the following sediments are listed in order from smallest to largest?

clay, silt, sand, pebble

Which is an example of an exogenic process?

a river carving through a mountain

Starting at Earth's surface and moving downward, what is evident when passing through the Mohorovicic Discontinuity (the Moho for short)?

a significant increase in density

Which is an example of an endogenic process?

a volcanic eruption on the ocean floor

Where on the ocean floor will I find the youngest rock?

at sea floor spreading centers

What type of forces are evident at convergent plate boundaries?

compressional

The outermost layer of the Earth is the:

crust

Which is the best definition of the term "snowline"?

the elevation above which at least some snow remains all year

What are the classic characteristics of glacial till?

the sediment is UNsorted and UNlayered

Which type of plate boundary will generally have no volcanic activity associated with it?

transform

A volcanic island chain such as the Marianas Islands is formed at what specific type of plate boundary?

convergent (oceanic vs. oceanic)

Gneiss, a metamorphic rock, likely originated as what type of rock?

conglomerate

A chain of volcanoes such as the Cascade Range is formed at what specific type of plate boundary?

convergent (oceanic vs. continental)

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight most common elements in Earth's crust?

copper

Which list of Earth's internal layers is placed in order from lowest to highest density?

crust, mantle, core

At which location is a continental rupture (split) occurring?

East African Rift \ Great Basin northward into Nevada.

Felsic minerals tend to be:

light color, lower density

Marble, a metamorphic rock, likely originated as what type of rock?

limestone

What type of moraine forms where two lateral moraines join together?

medial

Which of the following sediments are listed in order from largest to smallest?

pebble, sand, silt, clay

In classifying clastic sedimentary rocks, what important quality did we focus on?

size of sediment

For a glacier to form:

snowfall must exceed snowmelt

What is happening to the glacier in the ablation zone?

snowmelt and icemelt exceed snowfall

the age of the Earth is:

4,600,000,000 years

In which geologic era do humans live?

Cenozoic

In which geologic epoch do humans live?

Holocene

Which land mass was once connected to Laurasia?

North America, Europe and Asia

What was the name for Wegener's original supercontinent?

Pangaea

Which list of intrusive, igneous rocks is placed in order from highest to lowest density?

Peridotite, Gabbro, Diorite, Granite

In which eon do humans live?

Phanerozoic

In which geologic period do humans live?

Quaternary

Which list of extrusive, igneous rocks is placed in order from lowest to highest density?

Rhyolite, Andesite, Basalt

The San Andreas Fault of California is an example of what type of fault?

Right Lateral Strike Slip Fault

What do large, visible crystals in an igneous rock indicate?

Rock cooled slowly.

Mafic minerals tend to be:

dark color, higher density

A glacial erratic is an example of a/an:

depositional landform

At what type of plate boundary might I find normal faulting?

divergent

Which landform is definitely NOT associated with alpine glaciers?

drumlin

Glaciers will tend to form at:

high elevation and high latitude