exam bio 3 prs questions

homologous chromosomes

2 copies of each chromosome in body cells are called

codominance

A cow with black and white patches is produced from a white bull and a black cow. This is an example of

banding patterns, size, and shape

A karyotype shows chromosomes arranged by

X linked

A male is always homozygous for a trait that is

gametes

All of the following animal cells are diploid except gametes. muscles. nerves. skin. reproductive organ.

alternate versions of the same trait

Alleles are

recessive

An allele that is present but unexpressed is

two cell divisions and only a single round of chromosome replication

Chromosome number is reduced during meiosis because the process consists of

phenotype

Cold weather can change what aspect of a Himalayan rabbit?

recessive

Crossing spherical-seeded pea plants with wrinkled-seeded pea plants resulted in progeny that all had spherical seeds. This indicates that the wrinkled-seed trait is

anaphase II

During meiosis, the sister chromatids separate during

4

During prophase I, a diploid organism contains how many copies of each gene?

2

During prophase II, a diploid organism contains how many copies of each gene?

centromere

Each chromosome has a ___________, a point of constriction containing certain repeated DNA sequences that bind specific proteins.

Rabbit fur color is controlled by a single gene, but there are multiple versions of that gene.

Fur color in rabbits is controlled by multiple alleles. What does this mean?

92

Human white blood cells are often multinucleate. How many chromosomes would be present in a white blood cell with two nuclei?

16

If there are 32 sister chromatids in a normal somatic cell after S phase, how many chromosomes are there?

1

In a monohybrid cross, how many traits are examined?

binary fission

In bacterial cell division, the cell divides into 2 nearly equal halves. This process is called

male offspring who receive the mutant X chromosome would show the trait.

In sex-linked inheritance of a recessive gene, all male offspring of a normal male and a heterozygous female carrier would show the trait. female offspring would be carriers. male offspring who receive the mutant X chromosome would show the trait. female offspring who receive the mutant X would show the trait.

yy

In your group, in pea plants, the gene for yellow seeds, Y, is dominant to the allele for green seeds, y. A plant with green seeds must have the genotype

they are on different chromosomes

In your group, one of the main reasons genes assort independently of one another is that

dominant

Mendel referred to the trait that is expressed in the offspring as

crossing over

Organisms generally have many more genes that assort independently than the number of chromosomes. This phenomenon is due to

genotype

The "genetic makeup" present in an organism is called its

CDKs and cyclin

The initiation of the S phase and the M phase of the cell cycle depends on a pair of molecules called _______ and _______.

1:1

The phenotypic ratio for a testcross with a homozygous individual and a heterozygous individual is ______.

complementary

The two strands in the DNA molecule contain nitrogen bases which are

frameshift

The type of mutation that is an insertion or a deletion of a single base is a(n)

sex linked

Traits that are carried on the X chromosome are said to be ________________.

DNA synthesis

What is occurring during S phase?

heterozygous

When the two haploid gametes contain two different alleles of a given gene, the resulting offspring is called

G1

Which is the first checkpoint in the cell cycle where a cell will be caused to exit the cycle if this point is not passed?

protein

Which of the following is not a component of nucleic acids? organic nitrogen bases sugar phosphate protein

They come from only one of the individual's parents

Which of the following is not true of homologous chromosome pairs? They come from only one of the individual's parents They usually contain slightly different versions of the same genetic information They segregate from each other during meiosis I They synapse during meiosis I Each contains two sister chromatids at the beginning of meiosis I

They segregate from each other during meiosis I

Which of the following is not true of sister chromatids? They arise by replication during S phase They segregate from each other during each mitotic anaphase They usually contain nearly identical versions of the same genetic information They segregate from each other during meiosis I They are joined during prophase and metaphase at their common centromere

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following organelles would be abundant and in close proximity to the cell plate in a plant cell undergoing cytokinesis?

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

Which of the following represents the proper sequence of mitosis?

polygenic

Which type of gene expression typically generates a continuum (spectrum) of varying phenotypes?

They have been shunted into G0

Why do neurons and some other specialized cells divide infrequently?

establish a pedigree

You can use a Punnet square to do all of the following except? Determine gametic possibilities Predict phenotypic ratio Determine genotypic ratio Establish a pedigree

sister chromatids

what are attached at the centromere?