Exam Review

Internal business processes influence all of the following EXCEPT

access.

________ power results from one's specialized knowledge.

Expert

Under which of the following circumstances would the desire to reduce cognitive dissonance be greatest?

when large amounts of money are on the line

When do managers make mistakes?

when treating people like other resources

The statement "I really don't like that Randall got so angry in that meeting" reflects the ________ component of an attitude.

affective

People with ________ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance.

an internal locus of control

Which of the following is NOT one of the five sources of power?

appearance

People with low self-esteem ________ than those with higher self-esteem.

are more dependent on others

Maggie's manager notices that she exhibits an external locus of control when she speaks about her work. Her manager should

assign Maggie to a highly structured job requiring greater compliance.

Justyne supervises several employees who seem to have low self-efficacy. To improve this situation, she should do all the following EXCEPT

avoid rewarding small successes.

Which of the following is a characteristic of transformational leaders?

They encourage people to do exceptional things to produce significant results and change.

How are values different from attitudes?

Values are consistent over time.

Current assets, fixed assets, and liabilities are all part of an organization's

balance sheet.

The interdisciplinary field of organizational ________ tries to explain and predict workplace behavior to help managers better lead and motivate others.

behavior

The statement "I won't give Austin such a tight deadline again" reflects the ________ component of an attitude.

behavioral or intentional

Keith was put on probation for a string of customer complaints about his poor service and professionalism. His supervisor was using ________ power.

coercive

The ________ component of an attitude consists of the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation.

cognitive

The statement "Mackenzie is slow to return phone calls" reflects the ________ component of an attitude.

cognitive

Because people are uncomfortable with inconsistency between their attitudes and behaviors, they will seek to reduce

cognitive dissonance.

The approach to leadership that suggests that effective leadership behavior depends on the situation at hand is the ________ approach.

contingency

Roberta, a customer service manager, tracks monthly complaints and has been trying over the past six months to reduce complaints to less than 0.2 percent through additional training for her staff. She is engaged in

controlling.

Which of the following areas of control for organizations exerts informal control?

cultural

Which emotional intelligence trait tends to be empathetic?

social awareness

Which of the following is part of Deming's PDCA cycle?

check

________ leadership approaches attempt to determine the unique behaviors used by effective leaders.

Behavioral

________ is a state of emotional, mental, and even physical exhaustion, expressed as listlessness, indifference, or frustration.

Burnout

________ is the personality dimension that describes how achievement-oriented and persistent a person is.

Conscientiousness

Which of the following may be done as a corrective action in the control process?

Evaluate performance and take action.

________, which include acting friendly or making someone feel good or important before making a request, are influence tactics.

Ingratiating tactics

_________ is the questionnaire used in Fiedler's model to determine leadership orientation.

Least preferred coworker (LPC) scale

Which of the following would be considered a negative interpersonal trait often found in leaders?

Machiavellianism

Toshiko has noticed that Noah's job performance has been outstanding for the last few weeks. Which of these statements, made by Toshiko, is a causal attribution?

The software training that Noah completed has really improved his efficiency.

At what point during development are our values set?

early teens

Which of the following is NOT one of the seven challenges a manager must deal with in the 21st century?

economic stagnation

Brenda apologized to Dharma for an e-mail that upset him. She said she had chosen an inconsiderate way of stating her idea, and that she'd be happy to discuss it further. Brenda is

expressing consideration behavior.

Roberto really enjoys mingling at work functions, both to network for new contacts and simply to share stories with other interesting people. Roberto probably scores high in

extroversion.

Examining how the organization looks to shareholders is part of which of the balanced scorecard perspectives?

financial perspective

Productivity equals

goods and services produced, divided by labor, capital, energy, and materials.

Research has shown that four-year-old African-American boys are suspended and expelled more often than any other race or gender, regardless of the race of the teacher. The reasons most often given are that they just can't sit still and control their bodies. This is an example of

implicit bias.

In the leader-member exchange model, the relationship between leader and follower that is characterized by mutual trust, respect, and liking is known as a(n) ________ exchange.

in-group

A(n) _____ represents the profits or losses incurred by an organization.

income statement

In managerial leadership, which part is leadership?

influencing

A sales forecast is an example of an organizational control from the _____ area.

informational

Which of the following is NOT a belief measure on the balanced scorecard in relation to customers?

innovation

Employees with a(n) ________ locus of control will probably resist close managerial supervision and should probably be placed in jobs requiring high initiative and lower compliance.

internal

If you have a(n) ________, you believe you control your own destiny.

internal locus of control

Margarita believes that she controls her own destiny. She is a rather shy person who is extremely dependable and responsible, and her coworkers respect her greatly. Margarita has a(n) ________ locus of control and would rate high on the ________ dimension of personality.

internal; conscientiousness

Enright Industrial Leasing has effective control processes, allowing its managers to discover ______ in bookkeeping right away, before a would-be embezzler could seriously affect its business.

irregularities and errors

Which of the following best describes ERP systems?

software information systems that integrate all aspects of business, helping managers stay on top of the latest developments

Workplace stress diminishes all of the following EXCEPT

job turnover.

According to the concept of full-range leadership, leadership behaviors vary along a range from ________ leadership at one extreme to transformational leadership at the other.

laissez-faire

The ________ model of leadership emphasizes that leaders have different sorts of relationships with different employees.

leader-member exchange (LMX)

"Do my subordinates accept me as a leader?" This question reflects which of the following dimensions of situational control?

leader-member relations

One characteristic of incremental budgeting is that it

locks managers into stable spending arrangements.

Paris is asked by the vice president of her department to lead a task force developing specifications for a new customer database to be used by several other departments in her organization. Paris is an IT supervisor, but most of the other task force members are directors of other departments. At the first meeting, several asked questions that she had trouble answering. Using the contingency model, what is Paris's situational control?

low

Revised path-goal theory indicates to managers that they must consider

modifying their leadership style to fit employee and task characteristics.

Monitoring performance to ensure that day-to-day goals are being implemented and taking corrective action as needed is known as ______ control.

operational

Trevor's peers were surprised when he received a promotion and suddenly became their supervisor. They thought he was rather unreliable and weren't sure he was up to the task. According to the contingency model, Trevor has

poor leader-member relations.

The three dimensions of situational control are leader-member relations, the task structure, and

position power.

Using threats or intimidation to persuade someone is which influence tactic?

pressure

Ashish is always coming up with new ideas and seeking funding to explore them. He sees opportunities in the marketplace and wants to be the first person to come up with new products and services that customers want. Ashish, a person who is apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment, has a(n) ________ personality.

proactive

Starlight Creations is beginning to prepare for what they expect will be a grand exit (many people retiring) in the next five years. Part of the concern is that this will leave a gap in upper management. How can Starlight Creations build a pipeline of leadership talent?

provide leadership coaching

Standards are best measured when they are

quantifiable.

Research indicates that women tend to display more ________ leadership, while men tend to display more _________ leadership.

relationship; task

Hiromi congratulated her staff when the team received an industry award for their project, and also sent a companywide e-mail announcing it. Here, Hiromi is using her ________ power.

reward

On the first day of class, your teacher walked in and told everyone to look to the left and to the right at the people sitting next to them, because at the end of the semester only one of them would still be in the class with a passing grade. The teacher stated a

self-fulfilling prophecy.

Which of the following is NOT a trait of emotional intelligence?

self-sufficiency

While a moderate amount of stress can have some health and behavioral benefits, excess stress can reveal itself in all of the following ways EXCEPT

slurred speech.

According to Kaplan and Norton, _______ maps are "visual representations of a company's critical objectives and the crucial relationships among them that drive organizational performance."

strategy

Tre'quon's supervisor noticed that he was struggling with the computerized setup for production runs at his new job. The supervisor observed him while he tried it again and gave suggestions for improvement. The supervisor is doing which step of the control process?

taking corrective action

Wilma leads a task force charged with restructuring the order-processing system in the organization. The task force is composed of her peers over whom she has little control, and some of whom do not seem to respect her. According to the contingency model, Wilma should adopt a(n) ________ leadership style.

task-oriented

Charlotte is trying to measure her salon's productivity during the first quarter. For this period, she should divide _____ by the costs of her staff, loans, materials, and utility bills.

the total salon services and products sold

Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality dimensions?

tolerance for ambiguity

The ________ approach to leadership attempts to identify distinctive characteristics that account for the effectiveness of leaders.

trait

Employees at City Bank and Trust were really impressed with Liam, the new CEO. He was the first person who had fully developed a vision for the company about where it could go, and had energized everyone to try to get there. Liam is a ________ leader.

transformational

All of the following are reasons why performance falls significantly short of the standard EXCEPT

unawareness of performance drop.

Organizations may apply trait theory by

using personality assessments.

Josef is something of a cheerleader around his team. He shares his vision and expresses his confidence in his team's ability to achieve his vision. He is quick to compliment and acknowledge team members' accomplishments, and he is enthusiastic about their successes. Daniel, Josef's manager, stopped by and casually chatted with some of the team members. What type of leader did Daniel learn Josef was?

value-based

A(n) _____ budget is one that can be adjusted over time for changing environmental conditions.

variable

Abigail, a department manager, is struggling trying to lead a cross-functional team. Most members are other department managers at her level, and they see no reason to do what she asks. Here, Abigail has

weak position power.