Exam5, chapter 13

The United States, making up less than 5 percent of the world's population, uses more than ___ of the world's commercial energy production. 1/3 9/10 1/2 1/4 2/3

1/4

Transportation consumes about ______ percent of all energy used in the US each year. 39 33 27 13 20

27

Fossil fuels currently supply about ____ percent of all world commercial energy supplies. 75 50 33 87 95

87

Nuclear power provides about _____ percent of the US energy supply. 3 9 37 23 12

9

In the poorest countries like Ethiopia and Bangladesh, biomass represents ______ percent of their energy consumption. 30 70 10 90 45

90

Which country is the world leader in wind energy? The United States Japan Denmark France Brazil

Denmark

Cogeneration is the combined production of methane and coal. False True

False

The world's largest wind power producers are the United States and Canada. False True

False

Tidal power stations operate by using the energy from waves as they crash on the shore. True False

False

Which of the following statements is false? All of these are true. An average house built today requires only half the energy used by a new home in 1974. Most potential heat from fuel is lost as waste heat. Improving standards of living have been repeatedly demonstrated to require increased energy consumption. For an average home, standby appliances consume up to 25% of the electricity used in a month.

Improving standards of living have been repeatedly demonstrated to require increased energy consumption.

_____________________ can easily be moved across land in pipelines, but must be transported in special refrigerated ships to move across oceans. Methanol Heavy crude Light oil Anthracite

Natural gas

Which of the following statements is true? World coal reserves are only large enough to provide power for about 100 years. The fossil fuel most readily available and abundant in the United States and Canada is petroleum. World coal reserves are substantially smaller than petroleum reserves. The United States has only enough proven oil supplies to last 4 years at current rates of consumption. Under normal operating conditions, you are likely to get a higher dose of radiation living next to a nuclear plant than a coal-burning plant.

The United States has only enough proven oil supplies to last 4 years at current rates of consumption.

The US Department of Energy plans to deposit high-level nuclear waste at _________________ for long term storage. Yucca Mountain, Nevada Death Valley, California Carson City, Nevada Tempe, Arizona Las Cruces, New Mexico

Yucca Mountain, Nevada

Control rods in a nuclear reactor are used to absorb neutrons. provide cooling by decreasing the temperature of the water. move fuel rods around in the chamber. increase the temperature of the water. provide neutrons to initiate reactions.

absorb neutrons.

Biofuels can be produced commercially using all of the following except algae. sugarcane. soybeans. palm oils. corn.

algae.

A system of pipes painted black that have water circulating on the wall in a glass greenhouse on the south side of a building is an example of eutectic heat exchange. passive heat absorption. charging fuel cells to increase efficiency in energy use. an active solar heating system. parabolic collection.

an active solar heating system.`

The most likely disaster in a nuclear power plant is that nuclear fusion would get out of control and cause explosions. the plant would explode like a nuclear bomb. All of these are equally likely. cooling systems could fail, causing rapid overheating. fuel rods could fail to maintain chain reactions.

cooling systems could fail, causing rapid overheating.

Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland have higher standards of living by most measures than Americans or Canadians None of these. Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland do not have higher standards of living compared to Americans or Canadians. because they are closer to energy supplies. because their energy consumption is much greater. even though their energy use is about equal to ours. even though their energy use is much less than ours.

even though their energy use is much less than ours.

A major factor in the conversion from fossil fuels to renewable forms of energy is money. a lack of technology to develop renewable forms. infrastructure. access to renewable forms.

infrastructure.

A reason to encourage green building designs would be that it would eliminate the need for fossil fuels. it would save money that would be spent on energy needs. it would eliminate brownfields. it would utilize natural gas.

it would save money that would be spent on energy needs.

In terms of generating electricity, fuel cells are _________ than thermal-conversion machines because the chemical energy of a fuel is _______. less efficient; converted directly into electricity without an intermediate combustion cycle. less efficient; converted into electricity with an intermediate combustion cycle. about the same in terms of efficiency; converted into electricity with an intermediate combustion cycle. more efficient; converted into electricity with an intermediate combustion cycle. more efficient; converted directly into electricity without an intermediate combustion cycle.`

more efficient; converted directly into electricity without an intermediate combustion cycle.

A glass greenhouse on the south side of a building is an example of eutectic heat exchange. passive heat absorption an active solar heating system. charging fuel cells to increase efficiency in energy use. parabolic collection.

passive heat absorption

Most of the world's nuclear reactors are of the _____________ type. MAGNOX pressurized water (PWR) pebble bed graphite RBMK

pressurized water (PWR)

Photovoltaic cells work because solar energy striking their surface releases electrons, causing an electric potential in attached wires. causes an uneven magnetic charge to develop. causes the cells to liquefy as they heat. is collected in the form of photons and sent through attached wires. changes to chemical energy.

releases electrons, causing an electric potential in attached wires.

Since the 1920s, hydropower production has risen, but not as fast as fossil fuel use. fallen due to disinterest. become our most important energy source. stayed at about the same level. fallen due to a lack of available sites.

risen, but not as fast as fossil fuel use.

Most useful oil deposits are usually found locked in the mineral structure of a rock formation. in pools on the earth's surface, where geologic pressures have forced them to collect. in a liquid pool under a layer of impermeable shale. in small pools directly above the bedrock. saturating porous rocks, like water in a sponge.

saturating porous rocks, like water in a sponge.

Most of our energy waste in North America results from the fact that more efficient energy conversion is not possible. the fact that energy conservation techniques are quite expensive. a failure to turn off lights. overwhelming public ignorance of conservation issues. technological inefficiency.

technological inefficiency.

For much of the past decade battles have been going on over oil and gas drilling in Buffalo Commons Wildlife Refuge. the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. All of these are correct. the Everglades National Wildlife Refuge. Yellowstone National Park.

the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.

In the United States and Canada, the most common problem with using wood as a major heat source is None of these. Using wood as an alternate source is a viable way to reduce our dependence on foreign oil. the cost. that it separates people from the utility grid. wood shortages. the production of pollutants.

the production of pollutants.

Energy is the capacity to do work. True False

true

Worldwide, coal deposits are widespread and extensive. highly unusual formations. decreasing at alarming rates. relatively difficult to find. widespread but rarely in economic quantities.

widespread and extensive.