Exercise 10: The Appendicular Skeleton

*Label*

*Articulated Tibia and Fibula (left to right)*

*Label*

*Femur (left to right)*

*description*

*bone markings and names*

*Hip bone*

*lateral view (left to right)*

Label

Tibia

Distinguish between the true pelvis and the false pelvis

True pelvis has: pelvic colon, rectum, bladder, and some reproductive organs. False pelvis supports intestines and distributes weight.

Name the two bone markings that form the proximal radioulnar joint.

Ulnar radial notch, annular ligament

anterior inferior iliac spine

b

fovea capitis

b

head of the fibula

b

lateral condyle

b

largest tarsal bone

b. calcaneus

lateral rounded knob on the distal humerus

b. capitulum

anterior superior iliac spine

c

greater trochanter

c

inferior tibiofibular joint

c

medial condyle

c

hooklike process; biceps brachii attachment site

c. coracoid process

longest and strongest bone in the body

c. femur

The _______ are the wrist bones.

carpals

iliac crest

e

intertrochanteric line

e

lateral malleolus

e

tibial tuberosity

e

a roughened area on the lateral humerus, deltoid attachment site

e. deltoid tuberosity

sites of muscle attachment on the proximal end of the femur

e. gluteal tuberosity and f. greater and lesser trochanters

inferior pubic ramus

f

lateral condyle

f

medial malleolus

f

depression in the scapula that articulates with the humerus

f. glenoid cavity

The upper limb is formed by the arm bone, the _______ and the two bones of the forearm, the ______ and ____.

humerus, radius, ulna

ischial tuberosity

i

medial condyle

i

superior tibiofibular joint

i

fuse to form the hip bone

i. ilium, k. ischium, s. pubis

surface on the ulna that receives the head of the radius

i. radial notch

lesser sciatic notch

j

medial epicondyle

j

rough projection that supports body weight when sitting

j. ischial tuberosity

small bump on the humerus, often called the funny bone

j. trochlea

Obturator foramen

k

neck

k

surface on the radius that receives the head of the ulna

k. ulnar notch

Patellar surface

l

posterior inferior iliac spine

l

lateral ankle projection

l. lateral malleolus

posterior superior iliac spine

m

notch located inferior to the ischial spine

m. lesser sciatic notch

The ___________ form the palm of the hand, and the heads of these bones form the knuckles.

metacarpals

superior pubic ramus

n

medial ankle projection

n. medial malleolus

bones forming the instep of the foot

o. metatarsals

opening in hip bone formed by the pubic and ischial rami

p. obturator foramen

Compare the pectoral and pelvic girdles

pectoral: a. flexibility most important, c. lightweight, d. insecure axial and limb attachments. pelvic: b. massive, e. secure axial and limb attachments, f. weight-bearing most important

A single finger bone is called a _______.

phalanx

kneecap

q. patella

point where the hip bones join anteriorly

r. pubic symphysis

List the proximal row of wrist bones from lateral to medial:

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

joint between axial skeleton and pelvic girdle

t. sacroiliac joint

tarsal bone that "sits" on the calcaneus

u. talus

tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia

u. talus

Are the bones shown above from the left or from the right leg?

The right leg

acetabulum

a

adductor tubercle

a

anterior border

a

articular surface of the lateral condyle

a

deep sockets in the hip bone that receives the head of the thigh bone

a. acetabulum

lateral end of the spine of the scapula; clavicle articulation site

a. acromion

The bones that form the pectoral girdle are the ________ and _______.

clavicle and scapula

greater sciatic notch

d

head

d

intercondylar eminence

d

medial malleolus

d

anterior depression; superior to the trochlea; receives part of the ulna when bending at the elbow

d. coronoid fossa

thin lateral leg bone

d. fibula

ischial ramus

g

lateral epicondyle

g

shaft of the fibula

g

permits passage of the sciatic nerve

g. greater sciatic notch

medial condyle of the humerus that articulates with the ulna

g. medial epicondyle

ischial spine

h

lesser trochanter

h

shaft of the tibia

h

superior most margin of the hip bone

h. iliac crest

posterior depression on the distal humerus

h. olecranon fossa

Each hand has _____ finger bones, called _________.

three, phalanges

Explain how you can tell which side the body they are from.

tibial tuberosity is facing away.

List the distal row of carpal bones from lateral to medial:

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Name the two bone markings that form the distal radioulnar joint.

ulnar notch and radius

ankle bones

v. tarsals

shinbone

w. tibia

weight bearing bone of the leg

w. tibia

point where the patellar ligament attaches

x. tibial tuberosity