expectancy theory
performance-reward linkage or instrumentality
the degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome
attractiveness of reward or valence
- the importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job. - it considers both the goals and needs of the individual.
expectancy theory
an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
effort-performance linkage to expectancy
the probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance