Experi psych 12 chp 4

7. " QUESTION To address the Belmont Principle of Beneficence, Dr. Kline would need to ask which of the following questions? TRUE Are the people in my study going to benefit as much as the people not in my study? What can I do to decrease the potential harm experienced by my participants? Can the participants in my study give full, informed consent? Am I trained sufficiently to conduct this study? Have I completed all the steps required by my Institutional Review Board?

What can I do to decrease the potential harm experienced by my participants?

18. Which of the following are TRUE of IRBs in the United States: They can be found in settings other than colleges and universities . They are mandated by federal law . They must have a psychologist as a member . They must have at least five members . They tend to have detailed applications for researchers to complete .

[pg. 96] They can be found in settings other than colleges and universities . They are mandated by federal law . They must have at least five members . They tend to have detailed applications for researchers to complete .

5. Dr. Kline is planning on conducting a study next semester. He is curious as to whether sleep deprivation is associated with poorer cognitive performance. For example, if you sleep poorly the night before a big exam, will you do worse? Dr. Kline is especially curious about selective sleep deprivation, where people are kept from entering R.E.M. (rapid eye movement) sleep. Using an electroencephalograph (EEG) to monitor brain waves, he plans to let participants sleep until they enter R.E.M. sleep and then he will wake them. After 1 minute of being awake, he plans to let them return to sleep. As they enter R.E.M. sleep again, he wakes them up again and follows the same procedure. He plans to do this through the entire 8-hour sleep session. The following morning, participants will be asked to take a sample SAT test. QUESTION Dr. Kline asks his participants to provide informed consent. Doing this is adhering to which principle of the Belmont Report?

. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Respect for Persons [autonomy]

12. " QUESTION Dr. Kline plans to use deception in his study and is thinking about a debriefing session. Which of the following is/are true of the debriefing? Dr. Kline only needs to invite participants who were troubled by the study to the debriefing session. Because his study has potential medical applications, the use of a debriefing session is optional. During the debriefing, Dr. Kline only needs to tell the participants that there was deception. Participants must be told the reasons for the deception.

. . .. . . . . Participants must be told the reasons for the deception.

3. In considering whether research is ethical, which of the following are balanced against each other? ___ vs ___

Risk vs Benefits

17. In addition to the three principles derived from the Belmont Report, which two principles were added to the principle put forth by the American Psychological Association? ____and____

Integrity and Fidelity & Responsibility

13. According to the Belmont Report, which of the following groups of people is/are entitled to special protection? College students - Members of minority racial groups- Parents - Immigrants-

1. children 2. people with intellectual or developmental disabilities 3. prisoners

20. In which of the following situations would written informed consent be required? An observational study that measures walking speed of people entering and exiting buildings An anonymous study that measures the relationship between time spent grocery shopping and money spent on groceries A confidential study examining income level and voting behavior

A confidential study examining income level and voting behavior

10. " QUESTION Imagine that Dr. Kline is a clinical psychologist who volunteers his time at a local prison counseling several inmates. Because of his connections there, he is considering using prisoners as his participants. The institutional review board (IRB) that reviews his committee must have what kind of person as a member?

A representative of the prison [advocate]

6. " QUESTION Imagine that Dr. Kline is a clinical psychologist who volunteers his time at a local prison counseling several inmates. Because of his connections there, he is considering using prisoners as his participants. Why is this choice potentially problematic? TRUE According to the Belmont Report, prisoners are entitled to special protection. Since he works at the prison, participants may feel there will be negative consequences if they do not participate. Prisoners are unable to give informed consent.

According to the Belmont Report, prisoners are entitled to special protection. Since he works at the prison, participants may feel there will be negative consequences if they do not participate.

22. In what way/ways is plagiarism a violation of ethics? Because it violates an APA standard Because it violates a Belmont Principle Because it is akin to stealing

Because it violates an APA standard Because it is akin to stealing

11. " QUESTION Dr. Kline plans to tell his participants that the reason he is waking them up during the night is to recalibrate the EEG machine. This would be an example of? Deception through __________

Commission [telling them something that's not true]

9. " QUESTION Dr. Kline's decision about the type of participants to recruit should be informed by which of the following principles of the Belmont Report?

Principle of Justice [participant's group must benefit form the study]

4. Which of the following is/are true of the Belmont Report? It was written at the request of the U.S. Congress. It was created in 1976. It was written in response to medical experiments performed in Nazi-occupied Europe. It yielded three guiding principles of ethical research.

It was written at the request of US Congress. It was created in 1976 It was written in response to medical experiments performed in Nazi-occupied Europe. [partly][partly Tuskegee] It yielded three guiding principles of ethical research. [ Beneficence, Respect for persons, Justice]

15. The need to balance the potential costs and benefits to participants taking part in a research study is done to address which principle of the Belmont Report?

Principle of Beneficence

16. The belief that the participants in a research study should be representative of the type of people who would also benefit from the findings of the research stems from which principle of the Belmont Report?

Principle of Justice

2. Which of the following events occurred in the Tuskegee Study? TRUE Researchers told participants they were receiving treatment even though they were not. Participants in the study were given/infected with the disease. Participants were not told they had been infected with the disease. Researchers prevented participants from seeking treatment.

Researchers told participants they were receiving treatment even though they were not. Participants were not told they had been infected with the disease. Researchers prevented participants from seeking treatment.

8. " QUESTION Dr. Kline suspects that the people who will most benefit from his study are high school and college students, who are asked to perform cognitive functions in various states of sleep deprivation. Given this information, what type of participants should Dr. Kline recruit for his study? TRUE People with a history of sleep deprivation. Children from a local daycare center . Students from a community college. Patients from Dr. Kline's clinical psychology practice .

Students from a community college.

19. Prior to research being conducted, a research proposal must be submitted for IRB approval in all of the following cases EXCEPT:

Studies with little or no risk: need just 1 memeber

21. Which of the following is/are the primary goal of debriefing? To prevent researchers from being sued . To give participants insight into the nature of psychological science. To inform participants about the presence and purpose of deception in a study .

To give participants insight into the nature of psychological science To inform participants about the presence and purpose of deception in a study [allow them to trust researchers again]

14. Which of the following is/are an example of coercion? A researcher hinting to participants that their employer will be told if they do not participate A researcher offering 3 points of extra credit to college students to participate in a study A researcher offering homeless participants $1,000 to participate in a study

[using pressure to elicit participation] A researcher hinting to participants that their employer will be told if they do not participate A researcher offering 3 points of extra credit to college students to participate in a study [if they need it?] A researcher offering homeless participants $1,000 to participate in a study

1. The aim of the Tuskegee Study was to examine which disease? ___________________

syphilis