F10
What classification of grant is given for equipment based on both a substantial need and proof that the organization will have the resources to manage and maintain it?
Equipment
Dangerous agents needed for WMDs are both easy to obtain and disperse in a successful attack.
False
Data from municipalities that have had residential sprinkler requirements for more than 20 years has not proved that they are successful.
False
Departmental rating systems are ineffective in helping a department monitor progress toward achieving goals.
False
Essentially, the evolution of safety is driven by success.
False
Few risks to a firefighter are affected by personal decisions made at emergency scenes and on the training ground.
False
Fire and emergency services degrees are not yet available online.
False
Fire departments are not allowed to create their own nonprofit organization to obtain funds for specific needs.
False
Firefighter injury data shows that slips and falls are an insignificant source of injuries to firefighters.
False
Firefighters across the U. S. are required to have the same training and certification.
False
Grants are loans that must be repaid.
False
Grants must be obtained through national grant programs.
False
Grants to increase staff are currently unavailable.
False
Hard data, such as opinions, are collected through surveys or questionnaires.
False
ISO grading schedules directly correlate to a fire department's accountability to health and safety.
False
Initiative 9 calls for fewer investigations of injuries, deaths, and near misses.
False
Most, if not all, present fire codes and fire safety education presentations were created to prevent foreseeable tragedy.
False
NFPA 1500 is the standard for HazMat awareness and safety.
False
National standards would be most effective if compliance is voluntary.
False
Near-misses are most often identified by people who were not directly involved.
False
No speaker can reach the most irritable employees who are attending a presentation because they are forced to attend.
False
On a personal basis, we tend not to learn from our near misses.
False
On a safety curve, output cannot be predicted based on input.
False
Only public information officers should learn to talk to the public.
False
Opinions of health and fitness are standardized across the fire service.
False
Organizations are entitled to grants.
False
Our response to stress is fed by the physical strain of an incident.
False
PTSD is a disorder that was not around until the last 30 years.
False
Personal accountability has less to do with individual job responsibility and more to do with the overall picture.
False
Political issues do not directly affect fire and emergency services.
False
Procedures are specific clarifications and extensions of the mission statement that illustrate the beliefs of the organization.
False
Public service messages are the most effective way to validate or establish a need for a grant.
False
Raw data is more useful than analyzed data.
False
Repetition, using alternative wording, hampers good communication at an emergency scene.
False
Research can be categorized as theoretical or subjective.
False
Research of violent incidences is unnecessary due to the low frequency that firefighters will encounter such incidents.
False
Retrofitting sprinkler systems for existing buildings is unsafe and impractical for the fire service to support.
False
Risk at an emergency scene should be interpreted as "bad."
False
Rules regarding apparatus safety inspections are nationally adopted.
False
SOGs and SOPs are static.
False
Standard of care does not take into account if you are on a cruise ship or a ski trip.
False
Statistics prove that for a near-miss reporting system to be effective, it has to be mandatory.
False
Technology compensates for bad decisions.
False
Technology has no limitations.
False
Technology should be viewed as an optional layer of protection.
False
The construction industry would suffer as a whole with the addition of a mandatory sprinkler law.
False
The cost of installing sprinklers in residential homes is extraordinarily high.
False
The least significant threat of violence to emergency responders is terrorism.
False
The passport system and the tag system are different names for the same accountability system.
False
The potential for bad press is not usually related to deficient training.
False
The span of control is the number of teams that enter the fireground at one time.
False
The way you categorize unsafe acts is much more important than having the ability to identify them.
False
There is presently no system that provides standardized organizational structures, as well as requirements for processes, procedures, and systems designed to improve interoperability.
False
Thorough investigations must start with basic assumptions.
False
Training is the last thing cut in the budget when times get lean.
False
Typically, for fire and life safety education programs, one presentation fits all atmospheres.
False
Understanding the fact that safety cannot be improved with our existing equipment and apparatus is important.
False
Using clowns has been proven ineffective for teaching fire life safety education.
False
Vigilance with empowerment creates ego issues among new recruits and experienced fire service members.
False
When a new piece of safety equipment is introduced, it should be viewed with skepticism.
False
_____ can produce more than 10 times the amount of ATP than the same amount of carbohydrates can
Fat
What is a typical reason for not reporting a near miss?
Fear of retribution for breaking a rule
According to Bloom's taxonomy describe the affective domain as _____ .
Feelings and values
_____ means granting permission to subordinates to exceed their normal authority in an effort to better achieve organizational goals.
Firefighter empowerment
Some technological forecasters suggest that someday vehicles will communicate with each other through the _____ .
GPS
For the safety curve graph, the vertical plane can represent output, or _____ .
Gain in efficiency
NFPA does not require sprinkler protection in _____ .
Garages
What is the term for the organization applying for a grant?
Grantee
What is the term for the organization that is offering the grant?
Grantor
What does the "G" in SOG represent?
Guideline
Public education should focus on two primary goals: convincing them to change a behavior in an effort to make them safer and teaching them _____ .
How to react once an emergency occurs
A _____ symptom of PTSD might include being easily startled.
Hyperarousal
A _____ cannot be proved, only supported.
Hypothesis
A _____ is a prediction of why something occurs or will occur based on scientific evidence.
Hypothesis
What organization created the Wellness Fitness Initiative?
IAFF and IAFC
What organization assigns FSRS PPC?
ISO
On a standard representation of an x,y graph, the horizontal plane is represented by _____ .
x
On a standard representation of an x,y graph, the vertical plane is represented by _____ .
y
In what section of a near-miss report would the reporter explore whether human factors, organizational factors, or just "bad luck" led to the event?
Lessons learned
A _____ leverage point involves providing a safety net so that if an incident occurs, an injury is prevented.
Level 2
A _____ leverage point protects against contributing factors.
Level 3
A _____ leverage point assumes that the event will occur again and that protective measure must be taken.
Level 4
A _____ leverage point would provide a barrier for contributing factors.
Level 4
A _____ leverage point creates an emergency response plan.
Level 5
Standard policies could define types of body armor. A _____ might include ballistic helmets.
Level A
Standard policies could define types of body armor. A _____ would provide the highest level.
Level A
Standard policies could define types of body armor. A _____ might be limited to bulletproof vests.
Level B
The primary goal of the installation of residential sprinkler systems is _____ .
Life safety
What acronym is used for any mechanism for spreading radiological materials?
RDD
_____ are placed by terrorists to kill or injure emergency responders and thereby disrupt rescue operations during a terrorism incident.
Secondary devices
In a _____ you might be able to avoid an attack by closing a door or rolling a cot into the path of the perpetrator.
Semi-open area
The USFA/NFA offers the EFOP to provide _____ with a broad perspective on various facets of fire and emergency services administration.
Senior fire officers
What level of policies and procedures would be applicable to virtually all emergency response agencies with little or no alterations?
Series one
What level of policies and procedures would be national?
Series one
_____ concentrates on supporting the needs of the victim without peer counseling.
Psychological first aid
The most common treatment for acute stress can be broadly classified as _____ .
Psychotherapy
When your body has a high intake pressure, it tends to back up in your lungs, called _____ .
Pulmonary Edema
In the 1930s, safety pioneer H.W. Heinrich introduced the _____ theory linking unsafe acts to fatalities in the workplace.
Pyramid
What type research looks at the quality or perception of those involved and can make a strong case for need based on feelings and opinions?
Qualitatative
Other firefighters in the apparatus are good sources of information and can provide _____ data as to the performance of the driver.
Qualitative
What category of data takes into account the feelings and opinions of people involved?
Qualitative
A "black box" installed in a fire engine can record data of a _____ nature to use in analyzing the speed of the vehicle and braking techniques to use in crash reconstruction or driver evaluations
Quantitative
What category of data consists of hard numbers or empirical data?
Quantitative
What type of scientific research uses hypotheses and then backs them up with hard numbers to prove validity?
Quantitative
What level of policies and procedures would be used for specialized planning and responses?
Series three
Although PPE is global in its use, particular equipment for specific hazards makes it an _____ procedure.
Series two
What level of policies and procedures would act as a template for the majority of agencies?
Series two
What does "SPE model" represent?
Severity, probability, and exposure
If the SPE is more than 80, _____.
Should be abandoned
If the SPE is between 50 and 80, _____.
Should be reassessed
The term _____ means that each person can only speak once, and the intent is to keep one person from controlling the floor.
Single share
_____ problem solving involves learning skills the right way?
Skills-based
_____ could be used as a biological WMD.
Smallpox
Regarding retrofitting safety, the primary reason for not complying with a voluntary safety standard is many times directly related to _____ .
The cost
Comprehensive investigations of LODD reports, injury data, and near-miss reports must be followed by an equally effective distribution system to learn from our past experiences.
True
Criterion task test (CTT) attempts to mimic actual fireground tasks in a controlled environment.
True
Design improvements to sprinkler systems have allowed installation in remote and rural homes with no "city water" and even those with no electricity by utilizing solar power.
True
Dynamic emergency scenes involve the movement of sharp, fast, heavy, and hot pieces of equipment.
True
EMS is fairly well established in the fire service now, and standard policies should include it.
True
Every official fire and life safety education program and impromptu public interaction must be devoted to dispersing information that is vital to reducing our injuries and deaths
True
Experience has shown that the psychological stress of emergency scenes can be as severe as the physical stresses.
True
FESHE considers training and certification to be equally important.
True
Firefighter evaluations should include an entire section that covers the expectations for specific aspects of personal accountability and learning the safety culture.
True
Flashover is a scientific event that involves a chemical chain reaction that is still not fully understood.
True
For every unsafe piece of equipment that is replaced or improved, the mathematical chance of an injury or death is reduced.
True
Foundations are generally nonprofit organization established to fund specific needs.
True
Grants are a form of financial assistance used to promote a specific goal.
True
Human reaction is to downplay your personal role in a near-miss.
True
Humans have natural defense mechanisms that resist being examined.
True
Humans tend to forget what they know and put complete trust in technology.
True
If an organization is truly operating under a safety culture, they will not promote anyone that doesn't have personal accountability to safety.
True
If we can significantly reduce unsafe practices (Initiative 4), we will in turn reduce deaths.
True
In 2008, the International Code Council (ICC) voted to mandate residential sprinklers in all new one- and two-family dwellings.
True
In a perfect world, the chain of survival and the standard of care would be the same.
True
In-service training expands on initial training and improves the professionalism of its members.
True
Industry, business, education, and government all use "best practices" as a way to mutually benefit from knowledge and experience.
True
Initiative 10 calls for all grant programs in the fire service to require safe practices by the organization to even be eligible.
True
Initiative 11 encourages similar organizations to adopt policies and procedures similar to their own.
True
Initiative 13 addresses the emotional health of emergency responders.
True
Initiative 14 calls for more resources to be devoted to life safety education.
True
Initiative 15 addresses both fire prevention code enforcement and promoting residential fire sprinklers.
True
Initiative 15 calls for the enforcement of existing codes.
True
Initiative 16 urges emergency response organizations to incorporate safe design, even when it's not required.
True
Insufficient oxygen means insufficient endurance for firefighters.
True
Investigations are recommended, but not necessary, for learning from mistakes.
True
It is imperative that a risk-benefit analysis be built into all violent incidents through standard policies and procedures.
True
It is presumed that near-miss data far outnumber actual injury incidents.
True
It's not uncommon for some emergency responders to exceed their physical limitations.
True
Lack of accountability is one of the biggest complaints of employees in any profession, and firefighting is no exception.
True
Lessons learned from NIOSH reports related to communications should be incorporated into standards that can be used to make our jobs safer.
True
Life safety education can be a tool to improve firefighter safety.
True
Many departments develop a formal SOP or SOG to address a policy.
True
NFPA 13D has relatively lenient requirements, including water supply, when compared to the much more stringent NFPA 13.
True
NFPA 1500 requires safety committees to meet often to address safety concerns.
True
NFPA committees are comprised of manufacturers, end users, and other interested parties.
True
NFPA committees have led the way for standards that are used by fire departments everywhere.
True
NFPA statistics have continually shown that many residential fires are contained with only one sprinkler head flowing.
True
No terrorist attack or natural disaster in the history of the U. S. has come close to the fire deaths we have seen.
True
One effective way to maintain a safety culture on emergency scenes is to treat each job with a risk versus benefit analysis
True
One of the greatest problems with the advancement of the fire service is the lack of hard data available.
True
PPE is designed as the last line of defense for emergency workers.
True
Psychotherapy in the form of brief group therapy is very common for emergency responders when it comes to post-incident debriefing.
True
RDDs use force to distribute radiation over a large area.
True
Recent changes approved to the national model building code is sure to bring the adoption of more state residential sprinkler mandates, but it does little for existing homes.
True
Researching ways to define how risk management can be implemented in every decision at every incident should be a priority.
True
Risk analysis for an incident should be done as a pre-incident plan rather than relying on experience and training at an incident scene.
True
SOPs and SOGs must be written using common terminology with a common writing style or format.
True
Since the first volunteer fire companies were formed in America, fire safety education has been an integral part.
True
Situational awareness is not only knowing what is going on around you, but also being able to predict how the environment will change with time.
True
Some aspects of firefighting tradition tend to build the foundation for unsafe practices.
True
Specific deadlines for a grant are specified in the contract and funding may be tied to these benchmarks.
True
Standards could be developed following three steps of assembling, modeling, and adoption.
True
Teaching recruits how to identify and address unsafe acts responsibly is vital to the fire service.
True
Terrorists have planted secondary devices to target emergency responders.
True
Textbooks for fire training must be written from a safety culture's viewpoint.
True
The application of safety compliance is seldom high on the list of any promotional procedures.
True
The dynamic changes that occur during an emergency incident put a constant stress on emergency responders.
True
The fire service could benefit from a clearinghouse for inventions or suggestions to improve safety.
True
The fire service has worked hard over the past several years to try to collect data.
True
The first shield we think of is our gear, yet it is really our last line of defense to prevent injury.
True
The idea of using past experiences to establish standard policies and procedures to make the next incident safer would be valuable for the fire service.
True
The most applicable weapon against terrorism is knowledge.
True
The physical and mental stresses of firefighting tax our bodies severely.
True
The terrorist attack of September 11, 2001, used jet fuel as a high-yield explosive weapon.
True
Two of the most promising ways to stop unsafe are prevention methods and crew resource management.
True
Unlike most NFPA standards, 13D takes components of NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, and simplifies it for residential use.
True
Very few occupied homes are total losses as a result of clean water damage.
True
WMD is the common term used when discussing terrorist attacks.
True
We are expected to reduce the risk as much as is feasible, but our task is ultimately to save lives and property and then stabilize the incident.
True
We cannot look at any line-of-duty death statistic and concur that it is "the cost of doing business."
True
When policies and procedures do not build in risk-benefit components, we can set ourselves up for task-oriented actions (tunnel vision).
True
While analyzing data, flaws in survey questions may become evident and may indicate that the survey is not valid.
True
Retrofitting existing homes is estimated to cost _____ as new construction.
Twice the amount
OSHA developed the respiratory protection standard know to the fire service as the _____ .
Two-in, two-out
Estimates from around the country show that most insurance companies give a discount of _____ based on how much a home is protected.
Up to 15%
NFPA requires that a pair of residential sprinkler heads operating need to provide _____ .
13 gpm
NFPA _____ simplifies NFPA 13 for residential use.
13D
When conducting a fire equipment demonstration with an aerial truck, you should stabilize the aerial truck _____ prior to the demonstration.
30 minutes
A 4' tall by 5' wide by 2' deep tank for a rural fire sprinkler system could hold _____ .
300 gallons
Confidential reporting of near-misses has more disadvantages than advantages.
False
The _____ aspect of a safe search would include asking, "Where are the exits?"
Building aspect
According to statistics, the actual cost of installing a residential sprinkler system in a new home build was between _____ per square foot.
$0.38 and $3.66
NFPA requires that the minimum flow for residential sprinklers be sustainable for _____ minutes.
10
What NFPA standard covers public information officer?
1035
What NFPA standard is for the two levels of juvenile firesetter intervention specialist?
1035
What NFPA standard addresses occupational medical programs for fire departments?
1582
What NFPA standard addresses health-related fitness programs for firefighters?
1583
NFPA requires that a single residential sprinkler head be capable of discharging _____ .
18 gpm
Residential sprinklers are estimated by NFPA to only be approximately _____ of new construction.
2%
A typical career-firefighter basic training program requires _____ hours of training.
200 to well over 400 hours
If a resting metabolic equivalent is 1, riding a bicycle can range anywhere from _____ METs.
3 to 12
A single residential sprinkler head flowing for 10 minutes puts out the same amount of water as one handline does in _____ .
60 Seconds
The Risk Watch® curriculum focuses on the top _____ preventable injuries.
8
Studies have shown that the nervous system response to an alarm and dispatch to an incident puts firefighters as high as ____ percent of their MHR.
85
In 2013, the Pro Board offered accreditation for _____ levels of _____ NFPA standards.
85, 18
Drinking when there is every reason to stay sober may be a symptom of _____ .
Alcoholism
The acronym _____ is used for a term to describe a possible precursory to PTSD.
ASD
_____ may be unintentional but are usually predictable and preventable.
Accidents
The _____ aspect of a safe search would include asking, "Is there a rapid intervention group available yet or another crew searching?"
Accountability
When a fire chief has been given an order to reduce the operating budget, he is _____ to everyone involved.
Accountable
RIG would not be allowed to _____ during firefighting operations at an emergency scene.
Actively participate in firefighting activities
A fractured leg would be considered a(n) _____ injury.
Acute
For fire extinguishing classes, the "A" in the acronym RACE represents _____ .
Alarm
MET is another way of expressing the _____ .
Amount of energy exerted
What type of exercise is considered to be without oxygen?
Anaerobic
Copper and plastic water lines are known to fail often.
False
Taking responsibility for a situation would include
Apologizing and explaining the misunderstanding
Tentative interim amendments to NFPA standards are passed _____ .
As needed between revisions
When should the initial debriefing or crisis intervention be scheduled?
As soon as is practical after the event occurs
A _____ symptom of PTSD might include feeling emotionally numb.
Avoidance
A _____ symptom of PTSD might include losing interest in activities that were enjoyable in the past.
Avoidance
What category of research is the collection of raw data?
Basic
What type of WMD was sent through the U.S. mail system in 2001?
Biological
_____ deflects faults or weaknesses, which in turn boosts egos.
Blame
Fire departments can train and utilize interested and talented members of their community to assist the fire department during large scale emergencies. These acronym for these groups is _____ .
CERT
A _____ allows and encourages members of a crew to make observations and suggestions when a perceived danger is present.
CRM
Creating and operating a nonprofit organization _____ .
Can make use of grant funds unattainable by other means
What model does the NFPA suggest for fire and life safety project management?
Champion
What type of WMD might involve blister agents?
Chemical
Risk management at the tactical level includes _____ .
Choosing operational methods to meet the established strategic goals
A repetitive motion injury would be considered a(n) _____ injury.
Chronic
_____ is a form of psychotherapy that uses scientific methods to help patients "unlearn" the way they react to a specific stimulus.
Cognitive behavioral therapy
_____ is scheduled immediately, or soon after the incident and follows a group discussion format.
Defusing
Who reviews accreditation applications?
Committee on Accreditation
_____ "jersey walls" reduce the number of LODD due to being struck by a vehicle by allowing a wayward vehicle to stay in a specific lane with vehicles traveling in the same direction.
Concrete
What type of reporting has the disadvantage of accuracy is not guaranteed because no verification of the report is conducted?
Confidential reporting system
For fire extinguishing classes, the "C" in the acronym RACE represents _____ .
Confine
_____ accredits educational institutions for post-secondary degree programs.
Degree Assembly
The primary goal of advertising is to _____, and fire and EMS equipment advertisers are no different.
Convince you of a need
More _____ by emergency services on a national level has the potential to improve service.
Cooperation
_____ is considered a muscle's energy reservoir.
Creatine phosphate
_____ can be the difference between something kids forget and something they remember.
Creativity
The human tendency is for someone else to try to clarify someone's thoughts for them, which is the reason that _____ is discouraged.
Cross-talk
_____, or direct response to an individual, should be discouraged from the beginning.
Cross-talk
"Going green" would be considered an example of _____ for determining the direction in which firefighting is heading.
Current trends
Change is made easy by the introduction of new technology.
False
Research is worthless unless _____ follows.
Development
Specific components of an effective investigation system include all of the following except _____ .
Disciplining personnell
PIEs and AARs are used primarily to _____ .
Discuss tactical effectiveness
What classification of grant is one for which the donor may have a specific need in mind when making a charitable donation to a foundation?
Donor-advised
When does the heart receive fresh blood?
During diastole
In a _____ with a perpetrator moving toward you on an open roadway, you should maintain adequate distance and establish a defensive posture.
Dynamic situation
What are the E's of prevention as identified by President Truman?
Education, engineering, environment, enforcement
An employee with personal problems that affect his or her work performance can be referred to a(n) ____ as a condition of returning to work.
Employee assistance program
Without being educated about what exactly constitutes an unsafe act or being able enabled with tools to stop it, _____ is a useless claim.
Empowerment
The addition of _____ , or black boxes, to all emergency vehicles assists in collecting data for crash investigations
Event data recorder
In what section of a near-miss report would the reporter put the events into his or her own words?
Event description
Revisions to NFPA standards are made _____ .
Every five years
The _____ is a national association of "posts" around the country with a goal of teaching young men and women about careers in emergency services.
Explorer
The explosion of fertilizer and diesel fuel used in the domestic terrorist attack in Oklahoma City was an example of a _____ WMD
Explosive
The intent of Initiative 9 is to _____ accidents and near misses so that _____ learn(s) from it.
Expose, everyone
For fire extinguishing classes, the "E" in the acronym RACE represents _____ .
Extinguish
Citizens should be informed regarding how to do all of the following (while waiting for emergency responders to arrive), except _____ .
Extricate victims with power tools or other equipment
A campaign is underway to create _____, a more effective rating for the fire service based on meeting specific safety criteria, including the 16 life safety initiatives.
FLSI 16 Safety Rating
The _____ offers grants for fire prevention programs, such as smoke detector installations or fire safety education, as well as, pre-fire planning software and computers.
FM Global® Fire Prevention Grant
A firefighter with a heavier load to carry will have more energy available for work.
False
A near-miss report tends to entice more hindsight bias than a fatality report.
False
A small percentage of emergency responders feel some sort of emotional pain as a result of the duties they perform.
False
A stand alone puppet show and interactive learning technology have the same effect on children.
False
Accreditation is awarded to individuals who train to a specific level.
False
Alcohol is still the best treatment or medication for emotional pain.
False
An accountability officer to monitor interior crews and rapid intervention groups would be redundant with having a safety officer.
False
An effective research system is desirable, but not especially helpful for instituting changes.
False
An example of anaerobic exercise is running on a treadmill for 30 minutes
False
At some point in the future, smoke alarms will be replaced by residential sprinkler systems.
False
At terrorist incidents, a firefighter should wear a uniform that looks similar to police uniforms.
False
Blood is the same consistency as water.
False
_____ is the point where a fire spreads very rapidly due to the simultaneous ignition of room contents.
Flashover
In-service training for _____ situations would cover basic operations in which every firefighter needs to be proficient.
High frequency, low-risk
____ would be an example of an area that would be an S-3 procedure.
High-angle rescue
A simple example of _____ is the statement, "I knew that was going to happen."
Hindsight bias
A properly used near-miss program has the potential of impacting the behavior of numerous firefighters and countless future events, which makes _____ a valuable element of near-miss reporting systems.
Immunity
When attempting to improve safety, _____ has the best chance for improvement.
Improvement phase 1
During _____, the safety curve has made its arc and is starting to level out.
Improvement phase 2
_____ is the point in which safety designs might be considered good enough.
Improvement phase 2
Personal accountability to equipment includes
Improving equipment to improve the outcome of an emergency
For property and pets, _____ .
In a structured plan, we will risk little to save little
To whom does the safety officer report at an incident?
Incident commander
In what section of a near-miss report would the reporter identify the contributing and environmental factors involved in the event?
Incident information
Researching ways to instill safety into our culture without upsetting tradition is a great way to start defining culturing change and addressing _____ .
Initiative 1
Researching how alcohol and tobacco use can turn into abuse for emergency responders would be beneficial to preventing it in the future, which addresses _____
Initiative 13
For _____, researching ways to display the effects of fire on building materials and methods used today both with and without sprinkler to the insurance industry, builders, and general public is important to its success.
Initiative 15
Manufacturers could contribute to _____ and firefighter safety by increasing research about past injuries during the design phase of equipment.
Initiative 16
Regarding _____, without solid research, any new topics under the umbrella of risk management will be less effective.
Initiative 3
Pertaining to what initiative would researching ways to implement the key concepts of CRM into rapid intervention be beneficial for the fire service?
Initiative 4
_____ addresses implementing training and certification standards. Certification starts with recruit training, and research needs to begin there as well.
Initiative 5
Research for _____ might include identifying the influences of cardiovascular aggravation in hostile environments.
Initiative 6
_____ should include research to ensure that as new equipment is phased into the fire service, it meets the needs but also increases safety.
Initiative 8
_____ research would include investigating fatalities, injuries, and near-misses to look for future trends as well as the results of mitigation programs.
Initiative 9
What term refers to the ability of fire units to work seamlessly with police unit systems or products without any special effort.
Interdiscipline interoperability
What term refers to the ability of fire units to work seamlessly with other fire unit systems or products without any special effort.
Intradiscipline interoperability
The _____ of an NFPA standard describes the performance required to accomplish a specific duty
JPR
What is energy at work?
Kinetic
The _____ of an NFPA standard is also known as the cognitive domain.
Knowledge component
_____ problem solving is the most advanced type used and uses every skill and rule learned?
Knowledge-based
Statistics generated by hospitals in an effort to prevent injuries would be an example of _____.
Local statistics
Natural disaster training would be an example of training for _____ situations.
Low-frequency, high-risk
Target hazard training prepares firefighters for _____ .
Low-frequency, high-risk
Volunteer firefighter basic training _____ .
May require fewer hours of training than career firefighting
The _____ is a great resource for identifying hot topics for public education presentations.
Media
Reducing LODD through better diagnostics at an annual physical and other doctor visits is as example of _____ .
Medical monitoring
According to Bloom's taxonomy describe the cognitive domain as _____ .
Memorization
The _____ aspect of a safe search would include asking, "Do you have equipment to remove a victim?"
Methodology
Using thermal energy in firefighting is an example of _____ for firefighting.
Military applications
What classification of grant is intended to supply funds for immediate or unexpected needs and are generally easy to apply for with little or no wait?
Mini or quick response
Many organizations have ____ that describe what they do.
Mission statements
Statistics show that smoke detectors and sprinklers increase the chance of surviving a home fire by _____ .
More than 80%
What formula is used to determine the percentage of risk based on the SPE model?
Multiply the three SPE ratings together
_____ is a cause for ineffective radio communication.
Multitasking
Scene accountability _____ .
Must be able to identify when a member is unaccounted for
What organization has provided the resources necessary for fire departments to take on an all-risk educational program?
NFPA
What standard addresses fire department health and safety?
NFPA 1500
What organization established the program, prevention through design (PTD)?
NIOSH
In what component of the grant would the applicant clearly convey the reason why it is essential to receive the funding by using excellent writing skills?
Narrative
Statistics presented in the NFPA Journal would be an example of _____ .
National statistics
_____ ensures that the reporting of an incident is not tied back to disciplinary action.
Nonpunitive reporting
Strategic choices for risk management decisions are threefold: _____ .
Offensive, marginal, defensive
What classification of grant is intended to provide funding for the everyday costs of nonprofit organizations?
Operating
What does the "O" in SOP/SOG represent?
Operating
_____ involves everyone working together to achieve the vision and mission of the organization.
Organizational responsibility
_____ describes how much oxygen a person can take in and use.
Oxygen uptake
A _____ could utilize images to automatically change traffic flows or announcement boards to enhance safety for emergency vehicles.
Panoramic detection system
The Candidate Physical Ability Test (CPAT) is _____ .
Pass/fail
What type of device is a smoke alarm?
Passive
Similar to the tag system, the _____ system uses a Velcro-type fastening system.
Passport
IFSAC is _____ .
Peer-driven and governed by its own members
For humans, _____ can be compared to friction loss.
Peripheral vascular resistance
What term is used to describe the ability of a person to be held to certain standards?
Personal accountability
A ____ should be done at specific time intervals, at fire control benchmarks, and when there is a change in strategies.
Personal accountability report
According to Bloom's taxonomy describe the psychomotor domain as _____ .
Physically doing
Part of conducting an exciting demonstration might include _____ .
Providing a quick air horn blast
_____ explain "why" something is done.
Policies
The last step in PTD is _____ .
Policy
_____ means being in a position to delay an attack or at least make it more difficult for the perpetrator to connect with a blow.
Positioning
What is energy at rest?
Potential
_____ training may take the form of stress reduction, preparing for stressful incidents, or learning healthy coping mechanisms.
Pre-incident CISM
What residential sprinkler system has three different types permitted by NFPA: single interlock, non-interlock, and double interlock?
Preaction system
What classification of psychological trauma victims are those who witness an event?
Primary
The National Board on Fire Service Professional Qualifications is also referred to as _____ .
Pro Board
Once a policy is in place, the next step is to develop the _____ to be certain that it is adhered to consistently.
Procedure
What does the "P" in SOP represent?
Procedure
In the qualifications section of the _____ component, past successes need to be documented and linked to the present proposal.
Procedures
_____ explain "how" something is to be done.
Procedures
What classification of grant provides startup costs for a new program?
Program seed
What is the disadvantage of recognition-primed decision making?
Prone to failure
What type of WMD might also be called a "dirty bomb"?
Radiological
A _____ symptom of PTSD might include bad dreams and frightening thoughts.
Re-experiencing
A _____ symptom of PTSD might include flashbacks.
Re-experiencing
Simulated collapses or entanglement forcing a wall breech are examples of ____ that should be part of a good simulation.
Realistic environment
Hood heating and cooling elements that simulate increasing heat or sudden flashover is an example of ____ that should be part of a good simulation.
Realistic gear
Utilizing omni-directional treadmills that can rotate any direction is an example of ____ that should be part of a good simulation.
Realistic movement
Beginning outside of the structure, forcing crews to look at visual signs from the outside before committing is an example of ____ that should be part of a good simulation.
Realistic response
Personal accountability to training includes
Reinforcing actions and knowledge of how to handle a given situation
Personal accountability to safety includes
Remaining uninjured on the scene so that you are a resource rather than a liability
What would be the highest priority for choosing a grant?
Replacement equipment
In what section of a near-miss report would the reporter provide departmental and personal information?
Reporter information
For fire extinguishing classes, the "R" in the acronym RACE represents _____ .
Rescue
Initiative 7 identifies the need for better _____ .
Research
The first step in PTD is evaluating your concerns versus the cost through _____ .
Research
What classification of grant has identified impacts, measured impacts, and disseminated impacts?
Research and education
Communications can be described as a message being sent between a sender and a receiver.
True
When a fire chief has been given an order to reduce the operating budget, he is now _____ to cut costs.
Responsible
____ would be an example of an area that would be an S-1 procedure.
Risk management
Some researchers believe that investigations should focus the operating systems ( ______ ), rather than on the worker's involvement ( _____ ) .
Risk management, the unsafe act
The _____ is the primary cause of an event; without it, the event would likely have not occurred.
Root cause
What classification of grant can be used to rehire laid-off firefighters or hire new firefighters?
SAFER
What classification of grant has the goal of raising the number of trained firefighters available to meet the standards NFPA 1710 and NFPA 1720?
SAFER
_____ could be used as a chemical WMD.
Sarin
What classification of psychological trauma victims are those who are later involved in the event?
Secondary
One factor to be considered when presenting to a group of children is that children respond best to _____ .
Someone speaking at their level
What is a good way to stop an unsafe act in progress?
Speak directly to your supervisor
Improving personal accountability includes _____ if you see something that doesn't make sense or is just plain wrong.
Speaking up
JPRs consist of what three parts?
Specific task, equipment/materials needed, and assessment parameter
For rural sprinkler systems, the most efficient use of space is a tank with _____
Square sides
What does the "S" in SOP/SOG represent?
Standard
_____ is entirely based on geographical location.
Standard of care
_____ funds programs dealing with seatbelt compliance and teen driving safety.
State Farm® Insurance Safety Grants
_____ puts a significant focus on motor vehicle safety and educational programs.
State Farm® Insurance Safety Grants
To find your maximum heart rate (MHR) _____ your age _____.
Subtract, from 220
When the human body _____, it is much like the auxiliary cooling system of a fire pump.
Sweats
What is the nervous system branch that creates the fight or flight response?
Sympathetic
As your heart rate climbs, more time is spent in _____ .
Systole
Businesses are a great resource for grants and other special funding.
True
A _____ is general in nature, rather than a prediction of why something occurs or will occur based on scientific evidence.
Theory
By tracking success stories, we can get a better idea of how effective fire and life safety education is.
True
CISM has evolved into a successful form of group therapy, allowing emergency responders to discuss events and begin to heal.
True
Generally, the span of control is considered to be _____ .
Three to seven individuals
When developing an educational program, the "_____" is the atmosphere.
Where
Every time energy is _____, the chance of injury to a firefighter is present.
Transferred
A department that is willing to cooperate with any outside investigation shows organizational accountability.
True
A fit firefighter is more efficient because less energy is required for normal functions, such as circulation and waste removal.
True
According to NFPA 1500, incident commanders should ensure that appropriate protective equipment (e.g., body armor) is available and used before members are allowed to enter the hazard area of a terrorism incident.
True
Acute injuries are produced when a specific event causes an immediate injury.
True
Adopting personal accountability has some great motivational affects on others that witness it.
True
All unsafe practices must be identified and eliminated.
True
An incident commander should oversee the entire operation when doing fire equipment demonstrations.
True
An organization is defined by the people who make it up.
True
Animatronics work well with children and should be expanded for use with adolescents.
True
Approximately half of the firefighters that died in the line of duty in 2009 died as a result of stress or overexertion (usually heart attacks or strokes).
True
At an emergency scene, an accountability officer is usually staged outside the hot zone at or near the point of entry.
True
Because adults are not typically interested in hearing a lecture about fire safety, the workplace is sometimes the only place where they will listen.
True
Brief psychotherapy in a group setting has proven successful in workplaces, as well as for critical incidents and PTSD.
True
Community emergency response team volunteer training to the awareness level would most likely include _____ .
Using a fire extinguisher
_____, or shrinking of the "pipes" can be caused by smoking, cold temperature, or medications.
Vasoconstriction
Research shows that fires fueled by pallet and hay (used in training) are _____ .
Very different than those found in real structures today
What term describes the desire for an individual to be portrayed as a victim, usually for esteem benefits?
Victim Sydrome
Residential sprinklers are estimated by NFPA to be _____ as a retrofit in existing homes.
Virtually nonexistent
_____ is the consistency and components of blood.
Viscosity
What type of reports for near-misses tend to be more accurate?
Voluntary
ISO rates fire suppression capabilities based on several components including
Water supply
For something that is already lost, _____ .
We will risk nothing to save nothing
According to Brunacini's risk benefit model, when it comes to human lives, _____
We will, in a structured plan, risk a lot to save a lot
A _____ is intended to kill or injure as many people as possible with one strike.
Weapon of mass destruction
What residential sprinkler system has the tactical advantage that there is no delay?
Wet system
What residential sprinkler system is filled with pressurized water to each head?
Wet system
When developing an educational program, the "_____" is the message.
What
When is adenosine triphosphate used?
When muscles contract
What signal should be used when an applied tactic is not working?
Whiskey Tango Foxtrot
When developing an educational program, the "_____" is the audience.
Who
Many organizations, including the _____, have discouraged the use of routine debriefing for primary victims of psychological trauma.
World Health Organization
NFPA 13 is designed for a _____ , and NFPA 13D is intended to address a _____ .
high fire risk, high life risk
The horizontal plane can represent effort or power ( _____ ).
input
