Final Exam Bio
Methane versus carbon dioxide are very important greenhouse gases. However, methane can retain and release about ____ times more heat than carbon dioxide. A 30 B 10 C 75 D 100
A 30
Even though there are alternate energy sources, fossil fuels are used for approximately ______ of the United States energy needs A 80% B 50% C 30% D 20%
A 80%
Climate change influences individuals and species by A All of the answer choices are correct. B decreasing the amount of habitat available to animals C causing droughts and heat waves D increasing the spread of diseases
A All of the answer choices are correct.
Fossil fuels play a role in the carbon cycle A by releasing CO2 when it is burned. B All of the answer choices are correct. C by being a source of coal, oil, and natural gas. D by containing the remains of organic material.
B All of the answer choices are correct.
A(An) ______ represents the interactions of biological communities and the abiotic factors within the inhabited location. A population B ecosystem C biome D community
B ecosystem
Which of the following are greenhouse gases? A oxygen and methane B methane and carbon dioxide C nitrogen and carbon dioxide D carbon dioxide and oxygen
B methane and carbon dioxide
The average global temperature has always measured higher than the average since the A 1920s B 1900s. C 1980s. D 1950s.
C 1980s.
Which of the following is the most likely cause for the sudden sharp increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels? A Natural events, including fires and volcanic activity B Respiration from the earth's many living organisms C Human activities, including the use of fossil fuels, changes in agricultural practices, and deforestation D Normal fluctuations in the natural levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
C Human activities, including the use of fossil fuels, changes in agricultural practices, and deforestation
In the Calvin Cycle reaction, how would you describe CO2 fixation? A 3 CO2 molecules reaction with 3 RuBP molecules to form 6 3PG molecules B 3 phosphates from 3 ATP molecules are added to 5 G3P molecules C 6 ATP molecules are dephosphorylated and 6 NADPH molecules are oxidized, which results in 6 BPG molecules
A 3 CO2 molecules reaction with 3 RuBP molecules to form 6 3PG molecules
How does climate change affect earth's oceans? A The pH level of the ocean will shift to a more acidic environment, leading to stress and the possible extinction of many species of shellfish and corals. B As levels of carbon in the atmosphere increase, the amount of carbon in the ocean decreases proportionally. C Excess carbon in the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean, which directly increases ocean temperature. D The pH level of the ocean will shift to a more basic environment, leading to a decrease in overall productivity
A The pH level of the ocean will shift to a more acidic environment, leading to stress and the possible extinction of many species of shellfish and corals.
Since the 1950s, there has been a steady increase in the levels of atmospheric CO2 as a result of A increased human activity B increased volcanic activity C an increase in naturally occurring forest fires.
A increased human activity
The light reactions of photosynthesis occur within the ______ of the chloroplast and the Calvin cycle reactions occur within the ______ of the chloroplast. A thylakoid; stroma B stroma; thylakoid C thylakoid; outer membrane D stroma; outer membrane
A thylakoid; stroma
Which of the following is evidence that weather patterns have changed because of climate change? A A decrease in precipitation in the west and southeast areas B All of the answer choices are correct C An increase in average precipitation in the central and northeast areas D An increase in average temperature
B All of the answer choices are correct
What are the two most important insect vectors involved in the spread of bacterial and viral diseases? A house flies and ticks B fleas and mosquitoes C mosquitoes and ticks D roaches and house flies
C mosquitoes and ticks
Climate change has resulted in droughts and heat waves. What is the major consequence of droughts and heat waves to humans in the United States? A The increase in the spread of diseases B The loss of habitat C Extinction D Death of elderly or people already in poor health
D Death of elderly or people already in poor health
As global temperatures increase, which of the following scenarios are most likely to happen? A Temperatures and humidity decrease. B Extreme weather events decrease. C Sea surface temperatures and ocean heat content decrease. D Glaciers and snow coverage decrease
D Glaciers and snow coverage decrease
Which of the following sources of alternative energy involves using uranium or other materials to split the nucleus of an atom? A Geothermal energy B hydroelectric energy C Nuclear energy D Wind turbines
D Wind turbines
Sunlight consists of a wave and a particle. The particle is also known as a(an) A pigment. B spectrum. C wavelength. D photon
D photon
As climate change continues, the prevalence of vector-borne disease has increased. Why is this? A As climates have warmed and winters have become less severe, the range of mosquitos and ticks has increased,bringing with them the diseases they carry. B As climates have changed, habitats have changed. Organisms that carry disease have been displaced from their original habitats and have found new habitats,bringing the spread of disease with them. C Diseases are more contagious in warmer weather, so as climates have warmed,vector-borne diseases spread faster D The bacteria and viruses that cause disease multiply more rapidly in warmer weather, so as climates have warmed, the pathogens that cause disease are more prevalent.
A As climates have warmed and winters have become less severe, the range of mosquitos and ticks has increased,bringing with them the diseases they carry.
Fires and volcanic activity are natural events that produce _____. A CO2 B H2O C CFCs D CH4
A CO2
______ is a product of photosynthesis and is a carbon-based molecule that is the chief source of energy for most organisms. A Glucose B Carbon dioxide C Sucrose D Oxygen
A Glucose
Which part of solar energy is important in photosynthesis? A The visible spectrum of light B X-rays C Infrared wavelengths
A The visible spectrum of light
Hemlock trees support life of other organisms. Climate change has increased the rate of infection of Hemlocks with woolly adelgid. These kill the trees which decrease the habitat of animals and other insects. This is an example of how climate change impacts the A community level B population level. C ecosystem level. D individual level
A community level
Which of the following is true regarding the benefits of wind energy? A Considered to be a nonrenewable resource B Considered to be non-polluting C Tend to be extremely cost-efficient and inexpensive to manufacture D All of the answer choices are correct.
B Considered to be non-polluting
Agricultural crops are being genetically engineered to be more tolerant of climate change. Which of the following describes a change that would help crops be more tolerant of climate change? A Engineer crops that are less nutritious. B Engineer crops to withstand extremely hot temperatures. C Engineer crops to be intolerant of colder temperature ranges. D Engineer crops that require extra water
B Engineer crops to withstand extremely hot temperatures
Which of the following is considered to be a "clean" energy source? A Nuclear power B Geothermal energy C Burning natural gas D Burning coal
B Geothermal energy
What is the main difference in the formation of coal vs. the formation of natural gas and oil? A Coal formed mainly from deposits of plants and animals living in oceans and natural gas and oil formed mainly from the remains of plants and animals in swampy anoxic environments. B Natural gas and oil formed mainly from deposits of plants and animals living in oceans and coal formed mainly from the remains of plants and animals in swampy anoxic environments C Coal takes several million years to form and natural gas and oil take much less time, roughly several thousand years. D Natural gas and oil require intense heat and pressure to form and coal only requires an anoxic environment
B Natural gas and oil formed mainly from deposits of plants and animals living in oceans and coal formed mainly from the remains of plants and animals in swampy anoxic environments
Which of the following processes contributes the greatest amount of CO2 to the atmosphere? A Agriculture B The burning of fossil fuels C Cellular respiration D Photosynthesis
B The burning of fossil fuels
Which of the following best describes the effects climate change is having on tropical reef biomes? A The amount of water available for reef formation has diminished, which also kills the living coral reef beds. B The increase in water temperature disrupts the algae-coral symbiotic relationship, which results in death to the coral reefs. C The decrease in water temperature disrupts the algae-coral symbiotic relationship, which results in death to the algae
B The increase in water temperature disrupts the algae-coral symbiotic relationship, which results in death to the coral reefs.
Which of the following diets would contribute to the lowest carbon footprint? A Vegetarian (eating vegetables and eggs B Vegan (only eating vegetable-based foods) C Omnivore (eating vegetables and meats)
B Vegan (only eating vegetable-based foods)
When it comes to the carbon footprint, because of its required usage of land, ______ is the most costly food source A chicken B beef C vegetables D lamb
B beef
In the Calvin Cycle reaction, how would you describe the regeneration of RuBP? A 3 CO2 molecules reaction with 3 RuBP molecules to form 6 3PG molecules B 6 ATP molecules are dephosphorylated and 6 NADPH molecules are oxidized,which results in 6 BPG molecules C 3 phosphates from 3 ATP molecules are added to 5 G3P molecule
C 3 phosphates from 3 ATP molecules are added to 5 G3P molecule
If the downward slope of the line continues, what would be the expected sea ice extent in September of 2024? A Less than 3 million square kilometers B About 4.5 million square kilometer C About 4 million square kilometers D Over 5 million square kilometers
C About 4 million square kilometers
How do invasive species impact ecosystems? A They outcompete other organisms for limited resources B They occupy niches that other organisms traditionally occupy. C All of the answer choices are correct D They are more capable of adapting to rapidly changing climates.
C All of the answer choices are correct
Desertification is an example of a biome level change that is associated with climate change.Which of the following is associated with desertification? A Associated with the conversion of deserts to grasslands B Decreases in temperature C Associated with poor agricultural practices, including the overgrazing of cattle D Increases in precipitation
C Associated with poor agricultural practices, including the overgrazing of cattle
which of the following best describes the relationship between climate change and global warming? A The terms climate change and global warming can be used interchangeably because they mean the same thing. B Climate change is defined only by the changing of temperature, which can result in the increased temperature of the planet known as global warming C The increase in temperature is one aspect of climate change and can result in the increased temperature of the planet, which is known as global warming.
C The increase in temperature is one aspect of climate change and can result in the increased temperature of the planet, which is known as global warming.
Over the past several decades, the overall trend for earth's temperatures has been A cyclical periods of warming and cooling, known as global climate change. B a gentle trend towards colder winters and hotter summers, which averages out to be very little overall global temperature changes. C increases in overall global temperatures at an accelerating rate, a phenomenon known as global warming D decreases in overall global temperatures at an accelerating rate, a phenomenon known as global cooling
C increases in overall global temperatures at an accelerating rate, a phenomenon known as global warming
Which of the following would fall under the definition of an alternative energy? A natural gas B coal C solar D oil
C solar
Why is ocean acidification problematic for some marine life? A The acidification causes metals to precipitate out of the water and deposition the backs of aquatic organisms. B It decreases the availability of oxygen in the water for the respiration needs of aquatic organisms C It decreases the amount of carbonate in the oceans, making the creation of shell sand other hard structures difficult for marine life D It decreases the stratification of water temperatures, so that marine organisms have smaller ranges in which to survive
D It decreases the stratification of water temperatures, so that marine organisms have smaller ranges in which to survive
What two products of the light reaction are used in the Calvin cycle? A NADPH and CO2 B O2 and CO2 C ATP and NADPH D O2 and ATP
D O2 and ATP