Final Exam: Exam 1 and 2

To sit for the PMI (PMP certification exam) the applicant must document the following number of experience hours working on a real-world project: A. 1,500 B. 2,500 C. 3,500 D. 4,500

D. 4,500

If the optimistic estimate is 1, the pessimistic estimate is 9, and the most likely estimate is 8, what is the PERT estimate? A. 8 B. 9 C. 3 D. 7

D. 7

What percentage of the total distribution is 3 sigma from the mean equal to? A. 68.27 percent B. 99.9999998 percent C. 95.45 percent D. 99.73 percent

D. 99.73 percent

A manufacturing project has a schedule performance index (SPI) of 0.89 and a cost performance index (CPI) of 0.91. Generally, what is the BEST explanation for why this occurred? A. The scope was changed. B. A supplier went out of business and a new one needed to be found. C. Additional equipment needed to be purchased. D. A critical path activity took longer and needed more labor hours to complete.

D. A critical path activity took longer and needed more labor hours to complete.

The difference among a project, program, and portfolio is A. A project is a temporary endeavor with a beginning and an end, a program combines two or more unrelated projects, and a portfolio combines two or more programs. B. A project is an ongoing endeavor, a program is all the projects in a given department or division. C. A project is a contracted endeavor with a beginning and end; a portfolio is a group of projects with more open-ended completion dates. D. A project is a temporary endeavor with a beginning and an end, a program is a group of related projects, and a portfolio is a group of projects and programs related to a specific strategic objective.

D. A project is a temporary endeavor with a beginning and an end, a program is a group of related projects, and a portfolio is a group of projects and programs related to a specific strategic objective.

The cost contingency reserve should be A. Hidden to prevent management from disallowing the reserve B. Added to each activity to provide the customer with a shorter critical path C. Maintained by management to cover cost overruns D. Added to the base costs of the project to account for risks

D. Added to the base costs of the project to account for risks

Project managers must be A. Wonderful B. Great C. Very skilled D. All options are correct :)

D. All options are correct :)

Which of the following factors is NOT considered to be a project constraint? A. Time B. Cost C. Scope D. Appearance

D. Appearance

The project budget is proving to be inaccurate. The SPI is 1.1. The team has had negative deviation from the activity attributes, and the sponsor has inserted herself on the change control board. What is the BEST thing for the project manager to do? A. Encourage the sponsor to remove herself from the change control board. B. Recompute the project schedule. C. Reestimate the activity attributes. D. Calculate the cost performance index.

D. Calculate the cost performance index.

All technical work is completed on the project. Which of the following remains to be done? A. Verify scope B. Plan risk responses C. Create a staffing management plan D. Complete lessons learned

D. Complete lessons learned

All of the following are true quality statements EXCEPT A. Quality improvement depends upon better definition and increased awareness of the requirements/specifications. B. Project quality management must address both management of the project and the product of the project. C. Recognition of key actions required of each team member is necessary to meet quality objectives. D. Computer-aided design systems can improve quality but only at the expense of an increase in the cost of design.

D. Computer-aided design systems can improve quality but only at the expense of an increase in the cost of design.

The To-Complete Performance Index is A. (BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC) B. BAC - CPI C. ETC/CPI D. (EAC-EV)/(EAC-AC)

A. (BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)

A project manager is working with management to create the project estimate. During the initiating process group, what level of accuracy should the estimate have? A. -25 percent to +75 percent B. +/- 50 percent C. -10 percent to +25 percent D. -10 percent to +10 percent

A. -25 percent to +75 percent

Which estimating method tends to be MOST costly for creating a project cost estimate? A. Bottom-up B. Analogous C. Parametric D. 50/50

A. Bottom-up

A new project manager is being mentored by a more experienced PMP-certified project manager. The new project manager is having difficulty finding enough time to manage the project because the product and project scope are being progressively elaborated. The PMP-certified project manager advises that the basic tools for project management such as a work breakdown structure can be used during project executing to assist the project manager. For which of the following can a work breakdown structure be used? A. Communicating with the customer B. Showing calendar dates for each work package C. Showing the functional managers for each team member D. Showing the business need for the project

A. Communicating with the customer

A frequent complaint about matrix organizations is that communications are A. Complex B. Closed and inaccurate C. Hard to automate D. Misleading

A. Complex

To control the schedule, a project manager is reanalyzing the project to predict project duration. She does this by analyzing the sequence of activities with the least amount of scheduling flexibility. What technique is she using? A. Critical path method B. Flowchart C. Precedence diagramming D. Work breakdown structure

A. Critical path method

During a walk-through of a work package, you discover a team member is completing the work differently than stated in the WBS dictionary. How should you deal with this? A. Determine if the changes also change the scope of the work package. B. Replace the team member. C. Determine if the alternative way is acceptable to the functional manager. D. Ask the team member if the changes are necessary.

A. Determine if the changes also change the scope of the work package.

Pareto charts help the project manager A. Focus on the most critical issues to improve quality B. Focus on stimulating thinking C. Explore a desired future outcome D. Determine if a process is out of control

A. Focus on the most critical issues to improve quality

Which of the following is the MOST likely outcome of crashing a project? A. Increased cost B. Doing more activities in parallel C. Added schedule risk D. Longer schedule

A. Increased cost

All of the following are characteristics of a project EXCEPT A. It repeats itself every month B. It has a definite beginning and end C. It has interrelated activities D. It is temporary

A. It repeats itself every month

The difference between the cost baseline and the cost budget can be BEST described as the A. Management reserves B. Contingency reserves C. Project cost estimate D. Cost account

A. Management reserves

Your customer has asked for a 2,000-call capacity for the new call center project. However, one of your company's technical experts believes a 3,000-call capacity can be reached. Another thinks that based on the technical needs of the customer, the capacity needs of the customer, the capacity needs to be only 1,500 calls. What is the BEST thing to do? A. Meet with the customer to better understand the reasons behind the 2,000-call capacity. B. Meet with the technical experts and help them to agree on an objective. C. Set the objective at 2,000 calls. D. Set the objective at 3,000 calls.

A. Meet with the customer to better understand the reasons behind the 2,000-call capacity.

During which project management process group are budget forecasts created? A. Monitoring and controlling B. Planning C. Initiating D. Executing

A. Monitoring and controlling

A team member from research and development tells you that her work is too creative to provide you with a fixed single estimate for the activity. You both decide to use the average labor hours per installation from past projects to predict the future. This is an example of which of the following? A. Parametric estimating B. Three-point estimating C. Analogous estimating D. Monte Carlo analysis

A. Parametric estimating

Which of the following methods is best suited for focusing on the most critical issues to improve quality? A. Pareto analysis B. Cause and effect analysis C. Trend analysis D. Process control charts

A. Pareto analysis

Total float is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the A. Project completion date B. Early start of its successor C. Completion date required by the customer D. Project

A. Project completion date

A project manager for a small construction company has a project that was budgeted for US $130,000 over a six-week period. According to her schedule, the project should have cost US $60,000 to date. However, it has cost US $90,000 to date. The project is also behind schedule because the original estimates were not accurate. Who has the PRIMARY responsibility to solve this problem? A. Project manager B. Senior management C. Project sponsor D. Manager of the project management office

A. Project manager

There are several executing activities underway on your project. You are beginning to get concerned about the accuracy of the progress reporting your team members are doing. How could you verify whether there is a problem? A. Quality audits B. Risk quantification reports C. Regression analysis D. Monte Carlo analysis

A. Quality audits

The difference between EV and the PV is referred to as the A. Schedule variance B. Cost variance C. Estimate of completion D. Actual cost of the work performed

A. Schedule variance

Which of the following BEST describes the major constraints on a project? A. Scope, time, cost, quality, risk, resources, and customer satisfaction B. Time, cost, and number of changes C. Scope, cost, and time D. Scope, number of resources, and cost

A. Scope, time, cost, quality, risk, resources, and customer satisfaction

Which of the following is CORRECT? A. The critical path helps prove how long the project will take. B. There can only be one critical path. C. The network diagram will change every time the end date changes. D. A project can never have negative float..

A. The critical path helps prove how long the project will take.

The customer has accepted the completed project scope. However, the lessons learned required by the project management office have not been completed. What is the status of the project? A. The project is incomplete until all project and product deliverables are complete and accepted. B. The project is complete because it has reached its due date. C. The project is complete because the customer has accepted the deliverables. D. The project is incomplete because it needs to be replanned.

A. The project is incomplete until all project and product deliverables are complete and accepted.

PMBOK/PMI-ism suggests that the project management plan is realistic and everyone believes it can be achieved. A. True B. False

A. True

You have a project to create 450 tons of road rock for a highway resurfacing materials depot. It is your first job for this company, and you want to show off your skills. The average piece of road rock should weigh less that 11 kg (1/4 pound) and be no longer than 50 mm (2 inches). You demand from your foreman and team a two sigma standard for the size and weight of the road rock. This means that the device they use to sift the rock must get at least __________ correct. A. 6,827 out of 10,000 rocks B. 9,545 rocks out of 10,000 rocks C. 8,456 rocks out of 10,000 rocks D. 9,000,345 out of 10 million rocks

B. 9,545 rocks out of 10,000 rocks

The cost contingency reserve should be A. Added to each activity to provide the customer with a shorter critical path B. Added to the base costs of the project to account for risks C. Maintained by management to cover cost overruns D. Hidden to prevent management from disallowing the reserve

B. Added to the base costs of the project to account for risks

Which estimating method tends to be MOST costly for creating a project cost estimate? A. Parametric B. Bottom-up C. 50/50 D. Analogous

B. Bottom-up

Cost performance measurement is BEST done through which of the following? A. Asking for a percent complete from each team member and reporting that in the monthly progress report B. Calculating earned value and using the indexes and other calculations to report past performance and forecast future performance C. Using the 50/50 rule and making sure the life cycle cost is less than the project cost D. Focusing on the amount expended last month and what will be expended the following month

B. Calculating earned value and using the indexes and other calculations to report past performance and forecast future performance

The first phase of your project has come to an end. What should you ensure is done BEFORE beginning the next phase? A. Recommend corrective action to bring the project results in line with project expectations B. Confirm that the phase has reached its objectives, and have its deliverables formally accepted C. Check the project's progress compared to its baselines D. Verify that the resources are available for the next phase

B. Confirm that the phase has reached its objectives, and have its deliverables formally accepted

Which of the following is a KEY output of the Verify Scope process? A. A more complete scope management plan B. Customer acceptance of project deliverables C. Improved schedule estimates D. An improved project management information system

B. Customer acceptance of project deliverables

__________ is the company culture and existing systems (internal and external) that the project will have to deal with or can make use of. A. A strong matrix organization B. Enterprise environmental factors C. A functional department D. Organizational process assets

B. Enterprise environmental factors

To sit for the PMI CAPM exam you must have experience managing a real-world project. A. True B. False

B. False

Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate thing to do during the initiating process group? A. Create a detailed description of the project deliverables. B. Get familiar with the company culture and structure as it relates to the project. C. Identify the root cause of problems. D. Ensure all project management processes are complete.

B. Get familiar with the company culture and structure as it relates to the project.

A project manager discovers a work package has been completed for substantially less cost than planned. Which of the following is NOT among the first things to consider doing? A. Make sure all project processes were followed. B. Identify ways to increase the result. C. Make sure the right resources were used. D. Make sure all the work was done.

B. Identify ways to increase the result.

Company ABC is evaluating three consulting companies to find a consultant to perform professional services. It requests information on how the three consulting companies allocate fringe benefits to their clients. What type of cost is Company ABC asking about? A. Direct B. Indirect C. Variable D. Fixed

B. Indirect

Which of the following is NOT part of the Define Scope process? A. Identifying alternatives B. Inspection C. Facilitated workshops D. Product analysis

B. Inspection

A project has three critical paths. Which of the following BEST describes how this affects the project? 1.\\A. It makes it easier to manage. B. It increases the project risk. C. It requires more people. D. It makes it more expensive.

B. It increases the project risk.

Work on a project is ongoing when the project manager overhears two workers arguing over what a set of instructions means. The project manager investigates and discovers that the instructions for the construction of the concrete footings currently being poured were poorly translated between the different languages in use on the project. Which of the following is the BEST thing for the project manager to do FIRST? A. Get the instructions translated by a more experienced party. B. Look for quality impacts of the poor translation of the instructions for the footings. C. Bring the issue to the attention of the team and ask them to look for other translation problems. D. Inform the sponsor of the problem in the next project report.

B. Look for quality impacts of the poor translation of the instructions for the footings.

A project manager is using weighted average duration estimates to perform schedule network analysis. Which type of mathematical analysis is being used? A. Critical path method B. PERT C. Monte Carlo D. Resource leveling

B. PERT

During which part of the project management process is the project scope statement created? A. Initiating B. Planning C. Executing D. Monitoring and Controlling

B. Planning

A schedule performance index (SPI) of 0.76 means you are A. Ahead of schedule B. Progressing at 76 percent of the rate originally planned C. Over budget D. Progressing at 24 percent of the rate originally planned

B. Progressing at 76 percent of the rate originally planned

Which of the following is internal failure cost(s)? A. Training B. Rework C. In-process testing D. Lab testing

B. Rework

A control chart indicates the last 12 weights produced were outside the upper control limit. What should the project manager do FIRST? A. Look for the nonrandom causes for the variations. B. Stop production. C. Plan to rework the 12 weights. D. Work to better meet ISO 9000 standards.

B. Stop production.

Organizational process assets are best described as A. The value of how the organization leverages its assets B. The existing company processes, procedures, and historical information C. The economic valuation of all company fixed and short-term assets, i.e., a common financial measure of the worth of the company D. How the company "processes" its assets to gain the highest return

B. The existing company processes, procedures, and historical information

What is the BEST method of estimating the time for an activity that has not previously been done by your company? A. Monte Carlo analysis B. Three-point estimating C. Analogous estimating D. Parametric estimating

B. Three-point estimating

Which of the following BEST describes the project manager's role as an integrator? A. To help team members become familiar with the project B. To put all the pieces of a project into a cohesive whole C. To put all the pieces of a project into a program D. To get all team members together into a cohesive whole

B. To put all the pieces of a project into a cohesive whole

A work authorization system can be used to manage A. Who does each activity B. When and in what sequence work is done C. When each activity is done D. Who does each activity and when it is done

B. When and in what sequence work is done

Double declining balance is a form of A. Decelerated depreciation B. Straight line depreciation C. Accelerated depreciation D. Life cycle costing

C. Accelerated depreciation

Gold-plating within a project means A. Producing the best product (highest-quality) outcome for a project B. Spending more money on the project than originally approved C. Adding extra functionality to a product/project outcome than called for in the approved requirements D. Using the best metals (gold) to increase the appearance of the product

C. Adding extra functionality to a product/project outcome than called for in the approved requirements

Of all decisions that executive sponsors have to consider at an end-of-phase review meeting, the most difficult one would be A. Authorizing scope changes for the next phase B. Authorizing budget increases for the next phase based upon scope changes C. Canceling the project D. Authorizing budget reductions for the next phase based upon scope changes

C. Canceling the project

In which process group does close procurements occur? A. Monitoring and Controlling B. Planning C. Closing D. Initiating

C. Closing

All of the following result from quality audits EXCEPT A. Determination of whether project activities comply with organizational policies B. Improving processes to increase productivity C. Creation of quality metrics D. Confirmation of the implementation of approved change requests

C. Creation of quality metrics

Which of the following quality gurus believed "zero defects" is achievable? A. Deming B. Juran C. Crosby D. Taguchi

C. Crosby

In which process group is the product scope completed? A. Initiating B. Monitoring and Controlling C. Executing D. Closing

C. Executing

A control chart shows seven data points in a row on one side of the mean. What should be done? A. Perform a design of experiments B. Adjust the chart to reflect the new mean C. Find an assignable cause D. Nothing. This is the rule of seven and can be ignored.

C. Find an assignable cause

You are a project manager in a large organization that uses a matrix structure. You have been asked to investigate what organizational structures your competitors use and how the choice affects their ability to manage projects successfully. Which type of organizational structure gives the LEAST amount of authority to project managers? A. Matrix B. Profit centers C. Functional D. Projectized

C. Functional

Which of the following BEST describes product analysis? A. Working with the customer to determine the product description B. Mathematically analyzing the quality desired for the project C. Gaining a better understanding of the product of the project in order to create the project scope statement D. Determining whether the quality standards on the project can be met

C. Gaining a better understanding of the product of the project in order to create the project scope statement

Which of the following is a benefit of an analogous project estimate? A. It will be closer to what the work will actually require. B. It is based on a detailed understanding of what the work requires. C. It gives the project team an understanding of management's expectations. D. It helps the project manager determine if the project will meet the schedule.

C. It gives the project team an understanding of management's expectations.

Which of the following is NOT a PMI-ism? A. The project manager always knows why his or her project was selected by management to be done. B. The project manager knows unrealistic schedules are his or her fault. C. It is not uncommon for the project manager to ask for more time because the project schedule has slipped. D. Team meetings do not focus on status. That can be collected by other means.

C. It is not uncommon for the project manager to ask for more time because the project schedule has slipped.

All of the following are advantages of testing a sample instead of a population EXCEPT A. It is cheaper B. It is less destructive C. It is very thorough D. It is quicker

C. It is very thorough

A project manager gets a call from a team member notifying him that there is a variance between the speed of a system on the project and the desired or planned speed. The project manager is surprised because that performance measurement was not identified in planning. If the project manager then evaluates whether the variance warrants a response, he is in which part of the project management process? A. Executing B. Closing C. Monitoring and Controlling D. Initiating

C. Monitoring and Controlling

Operational work is different from project work in that it is A. Unique B. Temporary C. Ongoing and repetitive D. A part of every project activity

C. Ongoing and repetitive

During project executing, a project team member informs the project manager that a work package has not met the quality metric and that she believes it is not possible to meet it. The project manager meets with all parties concerned to analyze the situation. Which part of the quality management process is the project manager involved in? A. Perform Quality Assurances B. Project Control C. Perform Quality Control D. Plan Quality

C. Perform Quality Control

If project time and cost are not as important as the number of resources used each month, which of the following is the BEST thing to do? A. Perform a Monte Carlo analysis. B. Fast track the project. C. Perform resource leveling. D. Analyze the life cycle costs.

C. Perform resource leveling.

In which project management process group is the detailed project budget created? A. Initiating B. Before the project management process C. Planning D. Executing

C. Planning

The ongoing definition of a project as more information becomes available to the team is A. Scope verification B. Strategic planning C. Progressive elaboration D. Quantitative elaboration

C. Progressive elaboration

Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between standard deviation and risk? A. There is no relationship. B. Standard deviation tells you if the estimate is accurate. C. Standard deviation tells you how uncertain the estimate is. D. Standard deviation tells you if the estimate includes a pad.

C. Standard deviation tells you how uncertain the estimate is.

A project manager has completed a detailed WBS and cost estimates for each work package. To create a cost baseline from this data, the project manager would A. Roll up work package estimates into a project total and add management reserves B. Use the highest level of the WBS to estimate analogously C. Sum up the work package and risk contingency reserve estimates D. Gain expert opinions of the project total costs

C. Sum up the work package and risk contingency reserve estimates

You have a project with the following activities: Activity A takes 40 hours and can start after the project starts. Activity B takes 25 hours and should happen after the project starts. Activity C must happen after activity A and takes 35 hours. Activity D must happen after activities B and C and takes 30 hours. Activity E must take place after activity C and takes 10 hours. Activity F takes place after Activity E and takes 22 hours. Activities F and D are the last activities of the project. Which of the following is TRUE if activity B actually takes 37 hours? A. The critical path is 67 hours. B. The critical path changes to Start, B, D, End. C. The critical path is Start, A, C, E, F, End. D. The critical path increases by 12 hours.

C. The critical path is Start, A, C, E, F, End

A project team is working on manufacturing a new product, but it is having difficulty creating a project charter. What is the BEST description of the real problem? A. The end date has not been set. B. The team has not identified the product of the project. C. The team is working on a process and not a project. D. The team has not identified the project objectives.

C. The team is working on a process and not a project.

Which statement about project deliverables is CORRECT? A. They are determined by the project sponsor. B. They are described in project planning and improved over time. C. They are defined at project onset with the input of project stakeholders. D. They are determined after the work is completely defined.

C. They are defined at project onset with the input of project stakeholders.

A project manager may use the __________ to make sure the team members clearly know what work is included in each of their work packages. A. project scope statement B. product scope C. WBS dictionary D. schedule

C. WBS dictionary

You are a new project manager who has never managed a project before. You have been asked to plan a new project. It would be BEST in this situation to rely on __________ during planning in order to improve your chance of success. A. your intuition and training B. stakeholder analysis C. historical information D. configuration management

C. historical information

The IT department is evaluating a transition to agile development practices and teams. How could a project manager help management make this decision? a. Assess the organization's culture for the ability and willingness to change. b. Assess software developers' understanding of the agile mind-set. c. Assess typical project types to determine if incremental delivery would be possible. d. Assess the current process to understand the magnitude of the change required.

a. Assess the organization's culture for the ability and willingness to change.

Your team has demonstrated three product increments, but the stakeholders have been disappointed each time. Which of the following recommendations would not improve the quality of the product increments being delivered? a. Change to a pure agile approach, and stop writing requirements. b. The requirements should be reviewed and approved before coding. c. The team should prototype a solution to get feedback before finalizing it. d. Revisit the project charter to confirm the objectives of the project.

a. Change to a pure agile approach, and stop writing requirements.

An agile project manager is assigned to a new project while still managing two other projects. The existing project teams are in the performing stage of development with stable velocities. How should the project manager spend her next few weeks? a. Focus on making sure the new project's charter is complete, the team has everything they need, and planning is underway. b. Dedicate equal time between the three teams, being sure to attend as many standups and planning sessions as possible. c. Transition to a program manager role that focuses on managing the team coaches and their communications. d. Continue to focus on the other two teams while the new team gets oriented and plans its work.

a. Focus on making sure the new project's charter is complete, the team has everything they need, and planning is underway.

Over the last few iterations, you've noticed that your agile team's cycle time has been gradually inching upward. At first, it just seemed like normal variation, but you have now decided that this is a solid trend and would like to address it in the team's next retrospective. What should you say? a. Let's brainstorm to get to the bottom of this and understand why it is happening. b. We'll be doing a root-cause analysis to identify the source of the problem before the next iteration. c. Let's identify what we have been doing more efficiently to make sure we keep building on this. d. Our cycle time is finally going up! Kudos to everyone for your hard work in reaching this milestone.

a. Let's brainstorm to get to the bottom of this and understand why it is happening.

Your team has recently adopted some agile practices. What should they use to estimate work items? a. Story points b. Timeboxes c. Iterations d. Person hours

a. Story points

On an agile project, who is responsible for ensuring the quality of the end product? a. The development team should verify, validate, and test the product while it is being built. b. The users should try out the first release and send feedback and bug reports to the team. c. The project manager should check the quality of the product before release. d. The customer should review the product as it is built to ensure that it is fit for business purpose.

a. The development team should verify, validate, and test the product while it is being built.

Marketing has asked for a copy of the plan for your agile project, including the release dates and the key features to be included in each release. What will you send them? a. The team's product road map b. A photo of the team's Kanban board c. The product owner's requirements hierarchy d. The first page of the product backlog

a. The team's product road map

On an agile software development project, the project manager asks business stakeholders to create user stories, which will be used in the development and testing of the new application. The main purpose of writing a user story is a. To document features or functions required by stakeholders b. To communicate progress c. To perform what-if analysis d. To create a record of issues encountered on the project

a. To document features or functions required by stakeholders

Management has asked you to update the projected cost of running your agile team through the end of the project based on the latest project data. What information will you need from the team to update this estimate? a. Release plans b. Burndown graph c. Product backlog d. Resource management plan

b. Burndown graph

A relatively new agile team is struggling to estimate the effort required to develop their stories. The project manager has suggested that they might want to try using planning poker. Why would the project manager recommend planning poker as an estimating technique to this team? a. It makes estimates more accurate by engaging the widest number of stakeholders. b. It's an efficient way to estimate that will build the team's skill for sizing stories. c. It makes estimates more comprehensive by taking all risks into account. d. It is the fastest way to estimate because it does not require any conversations.

b. It's an efficient way to estimate that will build the team's skill for sizing stories.

On an agile project, who is responsible for prioritizing the product backlog and keeping those priorities updated? a. Any interested stakeholder b. The product owner or customer c. The project manager d. The team leader

b. The product owner or customer

After a product visioning session and the drafting of a product road map, the project manager submits an estimated budget for her agile project. Why is she confident that her budget is accurate? a. The expenses will be low because the project team will consist of internal employees. b. A similar product was developed last year, and the project manager based her budget on those actual costs. c. A stable agile team has been selected and a six-month timebox has been agreed to. d. The features for each release have been selected and estimated by the development team.

c. A stable agile team has been selected and a six-month timebox has been agreed to.

You are managing an agile project with a high level of requirements uncertainty. What is the best way to manage changes throughout the project to ensure the project goals are met? a. Ask the development team to create a change management plan before the work begins. b. Ask the product owner to refer all substantive changes to the change management team. c. Delegate authority to the team and the product owner to manage changes as they arise. d. Prepare a comprehensive change management plan, and manage to the plan.

c. Delegate authority to the team and the product owner to manage changes as they arise.

A sprint review has just been completed for your agile project. You are talking to the product owner and want to confirm that the team is delivering business value. What should you ask her? a. Did this product increment meet the user requirements? b. Did this product increment deliver the highest business value possible? c. Did you accept the product increment the team presented to you as fully done? d. Will this product increment drive additional revenue to our organization?

c. Did you accept the product increment the team presented to you as fully done?

Your organization's budgeting process is still based on the assumption that projects are using a predictive approach. However, the projects in your group are now using a hybrid approach, with an agile development phase followed by a predictive rollout phase. You have been asked to report the costs of all change requests at the monthly executive meeting. What should you do? a. Bring photos of the team's Kanban board to show how many story points have been reprioritized and burned down. b. Ask the product owner to attend the meeting to explain the rationale for all the changes and reprioritization. c. Explain to management that changes don't increase project costs when using an agile development approach. d. Ask the team to estimate the cost of each change using the organization's traditional cost estimating process.

c. Explain to management that changes don't increase project costs when using an agile development approach.

On the two-year agile project you are managing, the team's velocity for the first eight sprints is 43, 24, 47, 35, 24, 34, 30, and 32. Should you be worried about these results? a. No; velocity is just used to track effort, not to evaluate performance. b. Yes, because velocity has been unusually low for the last four sprints. c. No; this looks like fairly typical data for an agile team's velocity. d. Yes; the team needs to stabilize their velocity soon so they can start planning.

c. No; this looks like fairly typical data for an agile team's velocity.

In managing your first agile project, you are trying to decide how to best keep the sponsor and other key stakeholders updated about the team's progress. You want to use one or more of the agile tools that your team is already maintaining for their own use, rather than asking the team members to create any additional status reports or project documentation. Which agile tool(s) should you use for this purpose? a. The task board with WIP limit b. The velocity burndown matrix c. The cumulative flow diagram d. The project road map and story maps

c. The cumulative flow diagram

You've been asked to explain the concept of an agile retrospective meeting to a stakeholder who has never worked with an agile team before. You say,"It's a meeting where we __________." a. discuss what will be delivered in the next iteration and how that work will be achieved b. refine and update the product backlog, based on input from the product owner c. reflect on what happened in the last iteration, gather lessons learned, and look for improvements d. show the product owner the product increment we've just built and get feedback

c. reflect on what happened in the last iteration, gather lessons learned, and look for improvements

An agile team is using a software testing environment managed by another team because these environments are complex to set up. The testing environment periodically fails, causing the team's work to be delayed. What should the project manager do? a. Request the budget to set up a unique testing environment dedicated to this team. b. Talk with the project manager of the other team to determine the cause of the outages. c. Nothing—agile teams are self-managing and will handle their own problems. d. Ask the other team's coach to attend daily standups to coordinate communications about outages.

d. Ask the other team's coach to attend daily standups to coordinate communications about outages

Your hybrid team is assigned to rewrite a large old system in a new technology and architecture design. Which principle of agile would be most important for this assignment? a. Allow the best architecture to emerge from the team. b. Allow the best architecture to emerge from the team. c. Set up a team room for your collocated team. d. Assess opportunities to deliver increments of value

d. Assess opportunities to deliver increments of value

Your hybrid-agile teams has chosen to use personas. Why? a. Personas define the roles and responsibilities of the team members. b. Personas are virtual avatars that can stand in for team members who are working offsite. c. Personas can be used as replacements for traditional requirements. d. Personas help a team understand and stay focused on the people who will use the system.

d. Personas help a team understand and stay focused on the people who will use the system.

The sponsor of your agile project asks whether the third release the team is currently building will be ready to demo at an upcoming trade show. This is the first time you have heard of this deadline. What should you tell her? a. That deadline wasn't included in our plan; you'll need to submit a change request. b. That depends on the team's progress and any impediments they encounter. c. We'll let you know as soon as our velocity has stabilized. d. Some or all of the highest priority functionality will be ready to demo

d. Some or all of the highest priority functionality will be ready to demo

Your team is learning about agile and wants to use a hybrid approach on their next project. They have decided to use story points for estimating because a. They want to use a collaborative approach. b. They want to try an agile game. c. They want to establish a team velocity. d. They want to establish a team measure.

d. They want to establish a team measure.

How is chartering a hybrid-agile project different from chartering a predictive project? a. Agile practices are typically more spontaneous, so the project doesn't need to be defined as clearly. b. Agile projects typically have fewer external stakeholders, so the charter doesn't need to be as long. c. The budget is typically smaller, so the charter doesn't need to be as formal and detailed. d. We expect to discover the details of what will be built during the project, so the scope is typically less clearly defined.

d. We expect to discover the details of what will be built during the project, so the scope is typically less clearly defined.

Which approach would be a hybrid of agile and traditional methods? a. Collocating the team while delivering the product in releases b. Holding daily standups while using a pull system to move work through the process c. Using Gantt charts for tracking progress with a WBS for planning the work d. Estimating and planning in story points while using traditional vendor contracts based on product specifications

points while using traditional vendor contracts based on product specifications

In today's view of quality, who defines quality? A. Senior management B. Project management C. Project team D. Customers

D. Customers

The project team has just completed the initial project schedule and budget. The NEXT thing to do is to A. Identify risks B. Begin iterations C. Create a bar (Gantt) chart D. Determine communications requirements

D. Determine communications requirements

A control chart helps the project manager A. Focus on the most critical issues to improve quality B. Focus on stimulating thinking C. Explore a desired future outcome D. Determine if a process is functioning within set limits

D. Determine if a process is functioning within set limits

A project manager is working with quality professionals in the Perform Quality Assurance process of the project. Which of the following activities is being performed? A. Determining what processes should be used B. Evaluating quality against the processes C. Performing quality control D. Determining if the right processes are being used

D. Determining if the right processes are being used

One common way to compute estimate at completion (EAC) is to take the budget at completion (BAC) and A. Divide by SPI B. Multiply by SPI C. Multiply by CPI D. Divide by CPI

D. Divide by CPI

The executing process group corresponds to what part of the start-plan-do-check-act cycle? A. Plan B. Act C. Check D. Do

D. Do

The project manager has just received a change from the customer that does not affect the project schedule and is easy to complete. What should the project manager do FIRST? A. Make the change happen as soon as possible. B. Contact the project sponsor for permission. C. Go to the change control board. D. Evaluate the impacts on other project constraints.

D. Evaluate the impacts on other project constraints.

An activity has an early start (ES) of day 3, a late start (LS) of day 13, an early finish (EF) of day 9, and a late finish (LF) of day 19. The activity A. Is on the critical path B. Has a lag C. Is progressing well D. Is not on the critical path

D. Is not on the critical path

Which of the following BEST describes the role of the project management office (PMO)? A. It supplies project managers for projects. B. It is part of the change control board. C. It provides the project management procedures. D. Its role can vary from an advisory capacity to full authority over projects.

D. Its role can vary from an advisory capacity to full authority over projects.

Senior management is complaining that it is not able to easily determine the status of ongoing projects in the organization. Which of the following types of reports would help provide summary information to senior management? A. Detailed cost estimates B. Project management plans C. Bar charts D. Milestone reports

D. Milestone reports

All of the following are inputs to the Develop Schedule process EXCEPT A. Vacation schedules B. Assuming that the software will be released without any damaging bugs C. Need for delay between ordering equipment and installing it D. Planned start and finish dates for each activity

D. Planned start and finish dates for each activity

When it comes to changes, the project manager's attention is BEST focused on A. Making changes B. Tracking and recording changes C. Informing the sponsor of changes D. Preventing unnecessary changes

D. Preventing unnecessary changes

While testing the strength of concrete poured on your project, you discover that over 35 percent of the concrete does not meet your company's quality standards. You feel certain the concrete will function as it is, and you don't think the concrete needs to meet the quality level specified. What should you do? A. State in your reports that the concrete simply "meets our quality needs." B. Ensure the remaining concrete meets the standard. C. Change the quality standards to meet the level achieved. D. Report the lesser quality level and try to find a solution.

D. Report the lesser quality level and try to find a solution.

A heuristic is BEST described as a A. Control tool B. Scheduling method C. Planning tool D. Rule of thumb

D. Rule of thumb

All of the following are parts of the Direct and Manage Project Execution process EXCEPT A. Identifying changes B. Using a work breakdown structure C. Implementing corrective actions D. Setting up a project control system

D. Setting up a project control system

The project sponsor has just signed the project charter. What is the NEXT thing to do? A. Begin to complete work packages B. Verify scope. C. Start integrated change control. D. Start to create management plans.

D. Start to create management plans

A project manager is leading an effort to analyze waste and non-value-added activity on the project. One team member reports that two processes in use require work he believes is unnecessary. Another team member reports that a process is not well understood. The project manager must be leading which of the following? A. The Plan Quality process B. Management by objectives C. A process rather than a project D. The Perform Quality Assurance process

D. The Perform Quality Assurance process

Which of the following is included in a project charter? A. A risk management strategy B. Work package estimates C. Detailed resource estimates D. The business case for the project

D. The business case for the project

You have just completed the initiating processes of a small project and are moving into project planning when a project stakeholder asks you for the project's budget and cost baseline. What should you tell her? A. The project management plan will not contain the project's budget and baseline; this is a small project. B. It is impossible to complete an estimate before the project management plan is created. C. The project budget can be found in the project charter, which has just been completed. D. The project budget and baseline will not be finalized and accepted until the planning processes are completed.

D. The project budget and baseline will not be finalized and accepted until the planning processes are completed.

During the completion of project work, the sponsor asks the project manager to report on how the project is going. In order to prepare the report, the project manager asks all the team members what percent complete their work is. There is one team member who has been hard to manage from the beginning. In response to being asked what percent complete he is, the team member asks, "Percent complete of what?" Being tired of such comments, the project manager reports to the team member's boss that the team member is not cooperating. Which of the following is MOST likely the real problem? A. The project manager did not get buy-in from the manager for the resources on the project. B. The project manager did not create an adequate reward system for team members to improve their cooperation. C. The project manager should have had a meeting with the team member's boss the first time the team member caused trouble. D. The project manager did not assign work packages.

D. The project manager did not assign work packages.

Which of the following BEST describes when the baseline can be changed? A. Only under emergency conditions B. When the project sponsor determines it is appropriate C. The original baseline is always maintained throughout the project D. With approved changes

D. With approved changes

Agile teams use the following characteristics when creating deliverables: Retrospectives, Self-organizing teams, Incremental, Lightweight

Improvement Ideas, Task Assignment, Delivery of Value, Requirements Documentation