Final Exam HD
Muscle tone and strength usually begin to show signs of decline around the age of _____.
30
What was the average life expectancy in 1900?
47 years
The young-old are people who are between:
65 to 84 years of age.
Today, the average life expectancy in the United States is:
78 years.
Identify the seventh stage of Erikson's life span theory.
Generativity versus stagnation
Hardening of the arteries is known as _____.
arteriosclerosis
In 1900, most people died:
at home, cared for by their family.
Rhett is looking for the most effective way to lose his excess weight and keep it off. You would tell him that the most effective weight-loss programs invariably include:
exercise.
With regard to the timing of remarriage, in the United States:
men tend to remarry sooner than women do.
The term _____ is given to age-related loss of muscle mass and strength.
sarcopenia
What percentage of the U.S. population is older than 65 years?
2 percent
The transition from adolescence to adulthood has been referred to as emerging adulthood, which occurs from approximately _____ years of age.
18 to 25
Among ethnic groups in the United States, _____ have high death rates for stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and female breast cancer.
African Americans
Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the 75 to 84 and 85 and over age groups?
Cardiovascular disease
_____ refers to a behavior pattern characterized by an overwhelming involvement with a drug and a preoccupation with securing its supply.
Addiction
_____ is the most common chronic disorder in late adulthood.
Arthritis
_____ individuals are hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships and once in a relationship tend to distance themselves from their partner.
Avoidant
Which of the following factors has been associated with low self-esteem in late adulthood?
Declining health
_____ is a program committed to making the end of life as free from pain, anxiety, and depression as possible.
Hospice
According to Erik Erikson, which of the following stages is the most important issue to be negotiated in adolescence?
Identity versus identity confusion
According to Erik Erikson, which of the following stages occurs during early adulthood, after individuals are well on their way to establishing stable and successful identities?
Identity versus identity confusion
According to Erik Erikson, what is the last stage of development in life?
Integrity vs. despair
_____ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.
Life expectancy
Which of the following is prominent in Erikson's final stage of integrity versus despair?
Life review
_____ refers to a legal document that reflects the patient's advance care planning.
Living will
Compared to middle age, which of the following BEST describes late middle age for many individuals?
Losses may begin to outnumber gains
_____ is the developmental period that begins at approximately 40 to 45 years of age and extends to about 60 to 65 years of age.
Middle adulthood
_____ involves an extensive loss of bone tissue.
Osteoporosis
_____ infants are defined as those who use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment.
Securely attached
_____ is an individual's behavioral style and characteristic emotional responses.
Temperament
Which of the following statement about the care of a dying older person in the U.S. today is true?
The care of a dying older person has shifted away from the family.
Just as the transition from elementary school to middle or junior high school involves change and possible stress, so does the transition from high school to college. The two transitions have many parallels. Which of the following is one of them?
The top-dog phenomenon
According to a recent international comparison of 33 developed countries conducted by the OECD, which of the following countries was found to have the highest percentage of obese adults?
United States
Which of the following countries has the highest number of centenarians?
United States
_____, which is closely linked to short-term memory, is like a place for doing mental jobs and allows children and adults to manipulate and assemble information when making decisions, solving problems, and comprehending written and spoken language.
Working memory
Questions such as, "To which age group do you belong?" and "How old do you feel?" reflect the concept of _____.
age identity
Brain death occurs when:
all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time.
Most of us reach our peak physical performance:
before the age of 30, often between the ages of 19 and 26.
A flat EEG (electroencephalogram) recording for a specified period of time is one criterion of _____.
brain death
Hospice advocates underscore that it is possible to:
control pain for almost any dying individual.
Euthanasia is otherwise known as _____.
easy death
Erikson proposed that middle-aged adults face a significant issue which he termed _____.
generativity versus stagnation
James, an American, will be most likely considered as an adult by his peers and community when he _____, whereas Nirmal, an Indian, will be most likely considered as an adult by his community when he _____.
gets a full-time job; gets married
Cohorts refer to:
groups of individuals born in the same year or time period.
A "good death" involves all of the following EXCEPT:
religious or community death rites.
Female friendships involve more _____ than male friendships.
self-disclosure
Which of the following aspects of life do middle-aged adults feel they have less control over?
sex life
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) occurs when an infant:
stops breathing, usually during the night, and dies without apparent cause.
According to the Pew Research Center, in 2011 the average age for first marriage in the U.S.:
was higher than at any other point in history.
According to Erik Erikson's developmental stages, which of the following is the resolution an individual is most likely to experience if he or she is in the last stage of human development?
wisdom