Final Exam Quizlet

label digesive system

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label respiratory system

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An eating disorder in which someone diets exessively or deliberately stops eating altogether is called A) anorexia B) bulimia C) heptitis C D) gastric nervosa E) diverticulosis

A

Bile is produced by the (_________) and stored in the (________) A) liver; gall bladder B) small intestine; liver C) stomach; small intestine D) gall bladder; liver E) small intestine; gall bladder

A

During male ejaculation, the internal urethral sphincter closes tightly to A) prevent urine from leaking into the urethra B) isolate the ureters from the urinary bladder C) block movement of mucus from the bulbourethral gland into the ejaculatory duct D) keep sperm from moving into the ductus deferens E) allow seminal vesicle to transfer sperm to the epididymis

A

During swallowing, A) the epiglottis bends to close the trachea B) smooth muscle in the esophagus contracts slightly C) the tongue flattens to the bottom of the mouth D) salivary secretions stop E) the hard palate rises to close the nasal passages

A

Minerals that crystallize in the renal pelvis are referred as A) kidney stones B) pelvic crystals C) otoliths D) osteocytes E) renal deposits

A

Once a bolus of food has been formed in the mouth, it is passed by the tongue and jaws to the A) esophagus B) stomach C) pharynx D) nasal passageway E) small intestine

A

Prior to the onset of lactation, the mammary glands are prepared for the production of milk by A) the hormonal action of estrogen and progesterone B) the competion of ovulation C) degeneration of hte corpus luteum D) deactivation of FSH, LH, and GnRH E) synthesis of FSH

A

The primary sources of hte nitrogenous wastes that are eliminated by the kidneys are A) proteins B) carbohydrates C) vitamins D) triglycerides E) nucleic acids

A

The production and secretetion of testosterone depends on the secretion of three other horomones; GnRH is secreted by (__________), and FSh and LH are secreted by the (________). A) hypothalamus; anterior pituitray gland B) testes; scrotum C) posterior pituitary gland; anterior pituitary gland D) seminal vescle; prostate gland E) posterior pituitary gland; hypothalamus

A

Which on eof the following is typically removed from the blood by the tubular secretion process? A) drugs such as marijuana and cocaine B) urea C) protien D) red blood cells E) water

A

Which one of the following disorders is described as follows: damage to motor nerves innervating skeletal muscle; skeletal muscles weaken; death usually results within five years of diagnosis? A) amytrophic lateral sclerosis B) pleurisy C) cystic fibrosis D) emphysema E) carbon monoxide levels in the blood

A

Which one of the following is considered an accessory digestive organ? A) pancreas B) stomach C) small intestine D) espophogus E) large intestine

A

Which one of the following sexually transmitted diseases is caused by bacteria? A) chlamydia B) genital herpes C) hepatitis B D) genital warts E) trichomoniasis

A

A deadly type of cancer associated with asbestos exposure A) mesothelioma B) congestive heart failure C) pneumothorax D) pneumonia E) botulism F) pleurisy G) emphysema

A: mesothelioma

Sexually transmitted disease; developes in three phases; can be treated with penicillin A) syphilis B) genital herpes C) dysmenorrhea D) endometriosis E) pelvic inflammatory disease

A: syphilis

A fertilized egg must embed in which one of the following organs for pregnancy to occur? A) vagina B) uterus C) ovaries D) myometrium E) oviduct

B

An eating disorder in which the individual eats and then takes steps to minimize that calories just ingested by inappropriate means like misusing medicaitons is called A) diverticulosis B) bulimia nervosa C) anorexia nervosa D) overnutrition E) lactose intolerence

B

Essential amino acids are A) used only for the production of hormones B) required in the diet because the human body cannot make them C) not found in a complete protein D) not used for the production of protiens E) required for the production of steroids

B

Female sexual arousal casues the vagina and area around the labia to A) constict B) secrete lubricants for penis insertion C) release hormones to intensify intercourse D) inhibit the plateau phase of hte sexual response E) stimulate ovulation

B

Mature sperm funtion best A) at temperatures slightly warmer than body temperature B) at temperatures slightly cooler than body temperature C) when high concentrations of glucose are available as an energy source D) when the pH of semen is below 6.0 E) when the pH of semen is above 8.2

B

The digestion of fats, proteins, carbohydrates is completed in the A) stomach B) small intestine C) liver D) pancreas E) large intestine

B

The influence of testosterone on undifferentiatied spermatongia and Sertoli cells results in the hormone dictating A) mitosis in immature sperm B) rate of sperm production C) when and how much LH and FSH are released D) the production of ADH E) the occurence of ovulation

B

The nitrogenous waste ammonia is usually converted to a less toxic sunstance known as A) amino acids B) urea C) fatty acids D) sodium chloride crystals E) uric acid

B

The pancreas aids in the chemical digestion of food by A) producing mucin that lubricates the small intestine B) releasing digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions into the duodenum C) producing chylomicrons D) producing and releasing gastrin into the stomach E) mechanically digesting the chyme as it leaves the stomach

B

The rate and depth of normal breathing are determined by A) oxygen levels in the blood B) carbon dioxide levels in the blood C) a pacemaker in the diaphragm D) a pacemaker in the intercostal muscles E) carbon monoxide levels in the blood

B

The watery mixture of partially digested food produced in the stomach is called A) bolus B) chyme C) segmentation D) dentin E) mucin

B

Which of the following would likely develope in a person with celiac disease who continues to consume gluten? A) acid reflux B) malabsorption C) colon polyps D) gastric ulcer E) duodenal ulcer

B

Which one of the following best explains why humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive? A) Oxygen is an important source of energy for cells and is used to make glucose. B) Oxygen is essential for the production of most of hte ATPs required to fuel cell functions. C) Oxygen must be available to cells in order for them to make the sugars necessary to supply energy for cell functions D) Oxygen is converted to carbon dioxide, which is then used to drive the production

B

Which one of the following forms of birth control is effective over the longest period of time? A) IUD B) hysteroscopy C) cervical cap D) condom E) spermicide

B

Which one of the following hormones would be tested for in a home pregnancy test? A) estrogen B) hCG C) progesterone D) LH E) FSH

B

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding mature human gametes? A) produced by the proccess of mitosis B) contain the haploid number of chromosomes C) produced in the testes and oviducts D) are also known as primary spermocytes and primary oocytes E) contain 46 chromosomes

B

Which one of the following viruses is associated with cervical cancer? A) Treponema pallidum B) human papilloma virus C) Herpes simplex virus D) chlamydia trachomatis E) Hepatitis B

B

Condition that causes an accumulation of fluid in the spaces between the pulmonary capillaries and alvioli due to inadequate pumping of blood by heart A) mesothelioma B) congestive heart failure C) pneumothorax D) pneumonia E) botulism F) pleurisy G) emphysema

B: Congestive heart failure

Sexually transmitted disease caused by a viral infection; symptoms include blisters on the genitalia, painful urination, and fever A) syphilis B) genital herpes C) dysmenorrhea D) endometriosis E) pelvic inflammatory disease

B: genital herpes

A little girl was playing in the snow one day and found that she was wiping her nose quite often. The "runny nose" that she was experiencing due to the cold temperatures resulted form A) an insufficient production of mucus B) and inadequate supply of blood to the nasal epithelium C) the slowed activity of nasal septum D) a buildup tears in the nasal septum E) the inability of the sinuses to drain

C

All of the following are involved in the process of breathing EXCEPT which one? A) bones B) respiratory C) circulatory muscles D) skeletal muscles E) nervous system

C

At which on of the folowing days in hte 28-day cycle is a woman MOST likely ot get pregnant? A) 1 (start of the menses) B) 7 C) 14 D) 21 E) 28

C

During ejaculation, smooth muscle in the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicles, epididymis, prostate, and bulbourethral glands are stimulated by A) prostaglandins B) ejaculatory-stimulation horomone C) sympathetic nerves D) parasympathetic nerves E) LH and FSH

C

During puberty, the increased production of testosterone in males casues the rapid enlargement of which one of the following structures of the respiratory system? A) pharynx B) esophagus C) larynx D) bronchi E) bronchioles

C

During the ingestion of food or liquid, which one following tips to block the opening to the trachea? A) pharynx B) bronchi C) epiglottis D) bronchioles E) laryx

C

Elimination of undigested food material from the large intestine is controlled by A) secretin B) CCK C) the defecation reflex D) trypsin E) the appendix

C

The hormone ADH A) causes the kidneys to produce dilute urine B) is secreted by the kidneys C) causes the cells of hte colleting duct to be more permeable to water D) causes the kidneys to produce a high volume of urine E) is usually secreted when the body is completely hydrated

C

The kidneys function to maintain homeostasis in all of hte following ways EXCEPT which one? A) regulating blood volumes B) controlling salt balance in body fluids C) exchanging blood gases D) regulating vitamin D

C

The opening of the uterus is referred to as the A) endometrium B) oviduct C) cervix D) fimbriae E) clitoris

C

The pancreatic ducts connect to the small intestine at the A) pyloric valve B) cecum C) duodenum D) ileum E) jejunum

C

Ventilation refers to the process by which A) gases are exchanged between the cells an the lungs B) gases are exchanged between the air and the blood C) air moves into and out of the lungs D) gases are exchanged between the blood and the cells E)ATPs are produced

C

Water-soluble vitamins differ from fat-soluble vitamins in that water-soluble vitamins are A) less readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract B) stored in fat tissue C) stored for a brief period of time D) rarely required as daily supplements to the diet E) not excreted in urine

C

Which one of the following methods of enhancing fertility involves the placement of sperm and unfertilized eggs intothe oviduct? A) artificial insemination B) in vitro fertilization C) gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) D) hysteroscopy E) zygote intrafallopian (ZIFT)

C

Which one of the following regulates salt balance? A) ADH B) aldosterone C) atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) D) renin E) both aldosterone and ANH

C

Which one of the following structures is the location of gas exchange between the inhaled air and the blood? A)trachea B)bronchioles C)alveoli D)bronchi E)pleura

C

which of the following groupings of organs is responsible for the maintenance of water balance in the body? A) liver, kidneys, hypothalamus B) heart, liver, posterior pituitary C) posterior pituitary, hypothalamus, kidneys D) kidneys, hypothalamus, liver E) posterior pituitary, bone marrow, kidneys

C

Painful menstration often caused by prostaglandins produced by the uterus A) syphilis B) genital herpes C) dysmenorrhea D) endometriosis E) pelvic inflammatory disease

C: dysmenorrhea

Collapse of one or more lobes of the lungs, usually due to a penatrating chest wound A) mesothelioma B) congestive heart failure C) pneumothorax D) pneumonia E) botulism F) pleurisy G) emphysema

C: pneumothorax

A small amount of fluid is contained in hte pleural cavity to A) promote the exchange of nutrients with both lungs B) allow gas exchange between the lungs and the blood stream C) allow white blood cells and macrophanges access to foreign antigens entering the body through air D) function as a lubricant as the lungs move during ventilation E) serve as a shock absorber for the lungs during body movement

D

Alcohol has dieretic effects, increasing urine output. By which one of the following is this mediated? A) Alcohol increases the amount of sodium reabsorbed B) Alcohol decreases the amount of soduim reabsorbed C) Alcohol makes the renal tubules more permeable to water D) Alcohol inhibits the release of ADH E) Drinks with alcohol also contain a lot of water, and the kidneys excrete this

D

All of the following are TRUE regarding the effect of smoking on the respiratory system EXCEPT which one? A) the production of mucus increases in response to the presence of smoke B) smoking destroys cilia lining the respiratory tract C) particles and debris from the smoke accumulate in thee mucus of the airway and increase the risk for infections by pathogens D) antimicrombial compounds found in the respiratory mucus of smokers decrease the likelihood of infection E)"smokers cough" results form the heavy coughing that is necessary to clear accumulated mucus or particles from the airway

D

Bile assists inthe chemical digestion of triglycerides by A) hydrolyzing them to glycerol and fatty acids B) breaking peptide bonds and hydrolyzing them to amino acids C) forming chylomicrons D) emulsifying large fat droplets into tiny ones, providing more surface area for enzymes E) assisting with the active transport of triglycerides into the blood

D

If the pregnancy does occur, a layer of tissue from the embryo called the chorion begins to secrete which one of the following horomones? A) GnRH B) estrogen C) FSH D) hCG E) LH

D

Over 99% of the water filtered through the glomerulus is reabsorbed. At which one of the following locations does most of this water reabsorption occur? A) loop of Henle B) distal tubule C) collecting duct D) proximal tubule E) renal pelvis

D

The process by which food is propelled though the digestive tract by alternating contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle is A) elimination B) secretion C) chemical digestion D) peristalsis E) absorption

D

The salivary glands include A) the parotid and pancreatic glands B) sublingual, submandibular, and pancreatic glands C)parotid, submandibular, and subesophageal D) sublingual, parotid, and submandibular glands E) subesophageal, pancreatic, and sublingual glands

D

Which on of the following forms of contraception is the most effective in the preventing pregnancy? A) condom B) rythm method C) diaphragm D) tubal ligation E) cervical cap

D

Which one of the following might result if the lower esophageal sphincter malfunctions? A) gastric ulcer B) duodenal ulcer C) gluten intolerence D) acid reflux E) stomach cancer

D

Which one of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be cured by the use of antibiotics? A) genital herpes B) AIDS C) pubic lice D) gonorrhea E) heptitis B

D

Which one of the following sexually transmitted diseases is caused by bacteria? A) chlamydia B) genital warts C) hepatitis B D) syphilis E) gonorrhea

D

Which one of the following structures degenerates if a fertilized egg does not embed in the uterus? A) ovary B) oviduct C) zona pellucida D) corpus luteum E) secondary oocyte

D

Which one of the following types of diets is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? A) diet that includes complex carbohydrates B) high protien diet C) diet low in refined sugars D) diet high in saturated fat and cholesterol E) diet that includes unsaturated fats

D

You are a reproductive physiologist designing an at-home kit that can be used to help predict when ovulation occurs. Which one of the following could be detected that would indicate the time of ovulation? A) surge in GnRH form the hypothalamus B) surge in FSH from the anterior pituitary gland C) surge in esetrogen from the ovary D) surge in LH from the anterior pituitary gland E) surge in oxyocin form the posterior pituitary gland

D

Condition that results from the movements of uterine lining into the abdominal cavity; symptoms include pain and infertility A) syphilis B) genital herpes C) dysmenorrhea D) endometriosis E) pelvic inflammatory disease

D: endometriosis

Inflamation of the lungs to viral or bacterial infection; secretion of excessees fluid in the lungs prevents proper gas exchange A) mesothelioma B) congestive heart failure C) pneumothorax D) pneumonia E) botulism F) pleurisy G) emphysema

D: pneumonia

Muscular movements that mix food in the lumen of the small intestine are referred to as A) elimination B) secretion C) absorption D) muscularis E) segumentation

E

Pepsin is a degestive enzyme that specifically targets A) fatty acids B) steroids C) starch D) glycogen E) protein

E

Shortly before the midpoint of the menstrual cycle, estrogen from the mature follicle triggers a surge in LH, which stimulates which one of the following events? A) cervix dialation B) uterus contarctions C) inhibition of FSH release D) downward movement of frimbriae E) ovulation

E

The human papilloma virus (HPV) causes A) gonorrhea B) vaginal yeast infections C) genital herpes D) syphilis E) genital warts

E

Which one of the following sexually transmitted diseases is currently the most prevalent in the United States? A) gonorrhea B) syphilis C) AIDS D) genital warts E) chlamydia

E

A type of food poisoning that may result in paralysis of the respiratory muscles A) mesothelioma B) congestive heart failure C) pneumothorax D) pneumonia E) botulism F) pleurisy G) emphysema

E: botulism

Extensive bacterial infection of the female reproduction system A) syphilis B) genital herpes C) dysmenorrhea D) endometriosis E) pelvic inflammatory disease

E: pelvic inflammoratory disease

Inflammation of the epithelial membranes enclosing the lungs A) mesothelioma B) congestive heart failure C) pneumothorax D) pneumonia E) botulism F) pleurisy G) emphysema

F: pluerisy

Chronic disorder that results from permanent damage to the alveoli as a consequence of smoking or exposure to pollutants A) mesothelioma B) congestive heart failure C) pneumothorax D) pneumonia E) botulism F) pleurisy G) emphysema

G: emphysema

List the correct order of steps for the synthesis of Vitamin D a. inactive vitamin D is transported to the liver where it is modified b. inactive, chemically altered vitamin D is transported to the kidneys c. UV light strikes the skin and converts a steroid molecule inot an inactive form of vitamin D d. vitamin D is activated under the influence of PTH

a. inactive vitamin D is transported to the liver where it is modified; 2 b. inactive, chemically altered vitamin D is transported to the kidneys; 3 c. UV light strikes the skin and converts a steroid molecule inot an inactive form of vitamin D; 1 d. vitamin D is activated under the influence of PTH; 4