FINAL Nutrition

Amanda consumes approximately 2500 kcal/day. According to recommendations of the dietary guidelines for American, she should limit her saturated fat intake to fewer than _______ kcal/day. A. 150 B.250 C. 350 D. 450

B. 250

The label on a bag of salt-free pretzels indicates that they chips are "low-fat." This means the pretzels provide ________ gram(s) of fat or less per serving. A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 7

B. 3

While at a party, Jenna drank 24 ounces of beer and 10 ounces of wine. Based on this information, her alcohol consumption was equivalent to ________ standard alcoholic drinks. A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

B. 4

Theresa drank 5 ounces of wine. This amount of wine has about as much alcohol as the amount that is in________ A. 5 ounces of beer B. 3 ounces of liquor C. 12 ounces of beer D. 1 ounce of liquor

C. 12 ounces of beer

Reggie consumes approximately 3000 kcal/day. According to recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, he should limit his saturated fat intake to fewer than ________ kcal/day. a. 100 B. 250 C. 300 D. 450

C. 300

A pound of body fat contains about _______ kcal. A. 1500 B. 2500 C. 3500 D. 4500

C. 3500

Females involved in competitive sports, especially_________ are at risk of the female athlete triad. A. Gymnastics B. Soccer C. Softball D. Lacrosse

A. Gymnastics

Consuming a high-sodium diet can increase the risk of _________ A. Hypertension B. Cystic fibrosis C. Liver cancer D. Osteomalacia

A. Hypertension

Cameron was born with a condition that requires him to limit eating foods that contain phenylalanine. Based on this information, Cameron has _______ A. PKU B. Amino acid toxicity syndrome C. Cystic fibrosis D. IBD

A. PKU

Which of the following foods are legumes? A. Peanuts B. Potatoes C. Onions D. Mushrooms

A. Peanuts

The primary function of an adipose cell is ______ A. Storing fat B. Making insulin C. Metabolizing glycogen D. Transporting cholesterol within tissues.

A. Storing fat

Leona is making lemon pudding from "scratch." Her ingredients include fat-free milk, corn starch, lemon juice, egg yolks, salt, sugar, and butter. When she added some of the ingredients together, little clumps formed in the mixture before she could heat it. What happened to those ingredients? A. The acid in thelemon juice denatured the milk proteins. B. The cholesterol inthe raw egg yolks reacted with the butter. C. The saltactivated the sugar after being mixed with the egg yolks. D. The corn starch transaminated the lactose in the milk.

A. The acid in the lemon juice denatured the milk protiens.

Which of the following statements about food labels is true? A. The nutrition facts panel provides information about total carbohydrates in a serving of food. B. The list of ingredients on food packages does not have to include added sugars. C. Information about the fiber contents of a food are not provided in the nutrition facts panel. D. The nutrition facts panel includes information about a food's glycogen content.

A. The nutrition facts panel provides information about total carbohydrates in a serving of food.

Until recently, Victoria was a healthy, energetic 3 year old. A couple of weeks ago, her parents noticed that she does not want to play, and she seems to be tired all of the time. Additionally, Victoria has been usually thirsty and "wets the bed" at night. Based on this information, Victoria's parents should have their daughter evaluated for ______ A. Type 1 diabetes B. Lactose intolerance C. Metabolic syndrome D. Surcease deficiency

A. Type 1 diabetes

Which of the following nutrients is the most essential for life? A. Water B. Protein C. Omega-3 fatty acids D. Vitamin C

A. Water

Which of the following physiological changes is a result of catabolic chemical reactions? A. Weight loss as a result of starvation B. Muscle mass enlargement as a result of lifting weights C. Weight gain as a result of overeating D. Bone growth as a result of hormonal stimulation during puberty.

A. Weight loss as a result of starvation

Which of the following statements is true? A. When compared to the typical American diet in 1987-1988, today's Americans consume more total calories. B. Today, Americans eat more whole eggs than they consumed in 1970. C. In the United States, the adult population consumes more red meat than they ate in 1970. D. Americans consume more fluid milk than they consumed in 1970.

A. When compared to the typical American diet in 1987-1988, today's American consume more total calories.

Males involved in competitive sports, especially ________, are at risk of the male athlete triad. A. wrestling B. soccer C. baseball D. lacrosse

A. Wrestling

Which of the following conditions increases a person's metabolic rate? A. Being pregnant B. Having a lower than normal level of thyroid hormone C. Consuming essential fatty acids D. Having a higher than normal level of cholecystokinin

A. being pregnant

After running in a marathon race in July, Chino felt weak and his body weight was about 3% less than before the race. Based on this information, Chino was probably suffering from ________. A. cystic fibrosis B. brain cancer C. dehydration D. liver failure

C. dehydration

A primary function of the digestive system is the ________. A. production of red blood cells B. transmission of nervous impulses C. destruction of toxic metabolic by-products D. breakdown of food into nutrients

D. Breakdown of food into nutrients

As a result of an inherited metabolic defect, Christopher's cells have difficulty converting homocysteine to ________ A. Tryptophan B. Cysteine C. Vitamin B-6 D. Folate

D. Folate

The starch in rice and potatoes is composed of ________ molecules. A. Glycogen B. Polysaccharide C. Fructose D. Glucose

D. Glucose

A (an) _______ is an atom or a group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge. A. enzyme B. diatom C. solvent D. ion

D. Ion

A(an)_______ is an atom or a group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge. A. Enzyme B. Diatom C. Solvent D. Ion

D. Ion

______ is a mineral nutrient. A. Carbon B. Nitrogen C. hydrogen D. Iron

D. Iron

The ________ play a major role in regulating the body's fluid balance. A. salivary glands B. ovaries C. parathyroid glands D. kidneys

D. Kidneys

Small amounts of food move through the esophagus by involuntary muscular movements called_______. A. Segmentation B. Gluconeogenesis C. Lipolysis D. Peristalsis

D. Peristalsis

Which of the following stamens is false? A. The sense of smell contributes to the sense of taste. B. Mucus protects the lining of the stomach C. Some absorption of alcohol occurs in the stomach D. Peristalsis occurs when villi absorb fat

D. Peristalsis occurs when villi absorb fat

Females involved in competitive sports, especially ________, are at risk of the female athlete triad. A. gymnastics B. soccer C. softball D. lacrosse

A. Gymnastics

Review the following claims that a manufacturer wants to include on the labels of packaged foods. Which one would the FDA allow to be used? A. "While many factors contribute to the development of heart disease, diets low in saturated fat and trans fat may reduce the risk of this disease." B. "Drinkingwhole milk adds calcium and vitamin D to your diet. These nutrients areessential for strengthening bones." C. "Foods that contain dietary fiber, vitamin A or vitamin C may reduce the risk of cancer. Although a serving of our creamed broccoli has 7 grams of fat, it is an excellent source of fiber and vitamins A and C." D. "Iron strengthens blood by 75%."

A. "While many factors contribute to the development of heart disease, diets low in saturated fat and trans fat may reduce the risk of this disease."

Three-year-old Amanda does not like to drink milk, but she loves pudding made with fat-free milk. MyPlate recommends that Amanda should consume 2 cups of dairy products daily. According to the USDA, Amanda can meet this recommendation by consuming ________ cups of pudding daily. A. 2 B. 2.5 C. 3 D. 3.5

A. 2

Which of the following individuals is most likely to develop osteoporosis? A. A sedentary white male college student who smokes cigarettes. B. A 30 year old over weight Hispanic man who plays basketball 5 days a week. C. A tall 35 year old African American woman who consumes 3 coups of dairy products daily. A. 25 year old white woman who exposes her skin to sunlight every day for at least 30 min.

A. A sedentary white male college student who smokes cigarettes.

Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach? A. Bile B. Hydrochloride acid C. Mucus D. Gastric juice

A. Bile

Which of the following foods is not usually responsible for causing allergic responses? A. Carrots and celery B. Wheat and shellfish C. Peanuts and other nuts D. Fish and shell fish

A. Carrots and celery

A food scientist would like to develop a ready-to-use therapeutic food that would be consumed by 3- to 5-year-old starving children. Based on this information, which of the following ingredients is not necessary to include in the food's recipe? A. Cholesterol B. Peanut butter C. Iron D. Vitamin A

A. Cholesterol

Which of the following statements is true? A. Consuming more carbohydrates than you need can result in an increase in your body fat? B. Foods that are high in simple carbohydrates are fattening because they usually contain a lot of protein. C. People can gain body fat when they consume more micronutrients in relation to their macronutrient intakes. D. High-fiber diets are associated with greater weight gain in adults because fiber rich foods are less filling than foods that contain sugars.

A. Consuming more carbohydrates than you need can result in an increase in your body fat?

Consulate is an overweight young women's who wants to lose 10 pounds. The most reliable and safe way for her to lose this weight is to _________ A. Decrease her usual daily energy intake B. Decrease her physical activity C. Increase her daily vitamin D intake D. Increase her essential fatty acid intake.

A. Decrease her usual daily energy intake

When using the my plate website's my plate plan to plan your menus, it is not necessary to proved information about your A. Ethnic background B. Sex C. Age D. Physical activity level

A. Ethnic background

Which of the following statements is true? A. A saturated fats has a triple bond between two carbons in the hydrocarbon chain B. A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between cabins in the hydrocarbon chain. C. The omega end of a fatty acid molecule contains the acid group. D. Fatty acids contain nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon.

B. A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between cabins in the hydrocarbon chain.

Which of the following statements is true? A. Phytochemicals are oxidizing agents. B. An essential nutrient must be supplied by the diet C. people developing scurvy when their diets lack vitamin E. D. Under certain conditions, the human body can make iron, copper, and zinc.

B. An essential nutrient must be supplied by the diet.

Which of the following statements is true? A. Photochemicals are oxidizing agents produced by animal cells. B. An essential nutrient must be supplied by the diet. C. People develop scurvy when their digits lack vitamin E. D. Under certain conditions, the human body can make iron, copper, and zinc.

B. An essential nutrient must be supplied by the diet.

Derek takes protein supplements before and after his workouts. He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the supplements to his diet. His report about the effects of the supplements is an example of a(an) ________. A. factoid B. anecdote C. variable D. case report

B. Anecdote

Marissa is concerned about her risk of type 2 diabetes. To reduce her risk of this disease, Marissa should ______. A. take iron supplements daily B. avoid gaining excess weight C. use foods that are sweetened with fructose or maltose D. reduce her intake of sodium

B. Avoid gaining excess weight

A _______ remains when the nitrogen-containing portion of an amino acid is removed. A. Fatty acid B. Carbon skeleton C. Dipeptidefragment D. Ribo nucleotide.

B. Carbon Skeleton

The body uses cholesterol to make vitamin ________. A. A B. D C. E D. B-12

B. D

As a population increases its consumption of whole-grain and minimally-processed foods, the number of people in the population who have bowel movements every day increases. This situation is an example of a(an) _______ relationship. A. Inverse B. Direct C. Prospective D. Cause and effect

B. Direct

Erika is a college student who has never experienced dental decay. Recently, she slipped and fell down a flight of stairs. Although she had bumps and bruises after the fall, she did not break any bones. Which of the following practices is the most likely reason for Erika's strong bones and decay-resistant teeth? A. Taking vitamin K supplements daily B. Drinking fluoridated water C. Eating a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet D. Chewing iron pills before swallowing them

B. Drinking fluoridated Water

Vitamin ________ protects polyunsaturated fatty acids from being damaged by radicals. A. B-12 B. E C. D D. K

B. E

The starch in oatmeal and wheat is composed of _______ molecules. A. Fructose B. Glucose C. Mannose D. Lactose

B. Glucose

Betty is constipated; she generally has bowel movements only twice a week. To help relieve her constipation without taking medications, Betty should ______. A. reduce her intake of fruits and vegetables B. increase her intake of fiber-rich foods C. use colon cleansing enemas daily D. restrict her fluid intake

B. Increase her intake of fiber-rich foods

Which of the following nutrients is a micronutrient? A. Fat B. Magnesium C. Water D. Protein

B. Magnesium

Which of the following foods provides the most beta-carotene per serving? A. Bacon, 1 strip, cooked B. Mango, 1 medium, raw C. Plain yogurt, 1/2 cup D. Pear, 1 medium, raw

B. Mango, 1 medium, raw

Which of the following statements is true? A. Nutrition Scientist have established RDAs for all essential nutrients. B. People can have energy needs that are higher or lower than the Estimated Energy requirements. C. People who consume 90% of the RDA for iron regularly are likely to develop an iron deficiency. D. People who consume less than the tolerable upper in take level of a nutrient have a high risk of developing the nutrient's toxicity disorder.

B. People can have energy needs that are higher or lower than the Estimated Energy requirements.

Ruben has a family history of type 2 diabetes. To reduce his risk of this disease, he should consider following a ________ diet. A. Western B. vegan C. high-protein diet D. low-potassium

B. Vegan

Which of the following statements is true? A. Nutrition experts generally classify foods as either good or junk B. According to scientific evidence, taking megadoses of vitamins and minerals is a safe way to prevent many chronic diseases. C. A diet that has variety contains many different kinds of nutritious foods. D. In the United States, you are more likely to see undernourished than over nourished people.

C. A diet that has variety contains many different kinds of nutritious foods.

Paige is 6 weeks pregnant. Although Paige drank alcohol before she became pregnant, she refuses to drink any alcohol now, because she does not want to have a baby born with ______ A. Cirrhotic liver disease B. We Ricky-Korsakoff syndrome C. A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder D. Pancreatic cancer

C. A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

When Leah parties with her friends, she usually drinks 6 beers during a 2-hour party. At this level of alcohol consumption, she is ________. A. an abstainer B. a moderate drinker C. a restrained drinker D. a binge drinker

C. A restrained drinker

Which of the following statements is true? A. On average, women have higher metabolic rates than men. B. Taking stimulant drugs, such as caffeine, decreases a person's metabolic rate C. A young person's metabolic rate increases during periods of growth. D. A person can dramatically increase his or her metabolic rate by eating a very-low calorie diet.

C. A young person's metabolic rate increases during periods of growth.

Which of the following statements is true? A. An average womanhas a higher metabolic rate than an average man. B. Fat cells requiremore energy to function than muscle cells. C. As people growolder, their metabolic rates decline. D. The aging processcauses muscle cells to become fat cells.

C. As people growolder, their metabolic rates decline.

The back (rear) portion of your tongue is very sensitive to foods that taste ________. a. cold b. sweet c. bitter D. meaty

C. Bitter

Generally, epidemiological studies A. Established causation without observations. B. Prove positive correlations C. Cannot determine cause and effect relationships. D. Involve in vitro expermentation

C. Cannon determine cause and effect relationships

Osteoporosis is characterized by ________. A. defective collagen production B. keratinization and death of epithelial cells C. loss of bone mass and structure D. immature red blood cells that lack hemoglobin

C. Loss of bone mass and structure

Roberta is 25 years of age, healthy, and pregnant. Based on this information, her body is in _________ nitrogen balance. A. Inverse B. Negative C. Positive D. Activated

C. Positive

A popular women's magazine has an article about the health benefits of consuming calcium-rich foods. If the article's author has the credentials _______ after his or her name, the article is likely to be a reliable source of nutrition information. A. DRN B. PhD C. RDN D. MD

C. RDN

A nutrition researcher would like to determine whether healthy women who take fish oil supplements during pregnancy give birth to children who score higher on basic intelligence tests when they are 5 years of age. The scientist plans to compare the IQ test results of this group of children with the test results of a group of 5-year-old children with similar backgrounds whose mothers were healthy but did not take fish oil supplements when pregnant. This kind of research is a(an) ________ study. A. double-blind B. in-vitro C. retrospective D. intervention

C. Retorspective

According to the _______ theory, a person's body fat level is genetically determined and difficult to alter. A. Metabolic factor B. Hormonal inaction C. Set point D. Thermostatic control

C. Set point

Which of the following foods is a good source of vitamin K? A. Bread made from refined wheat flour. B. Ground beef C. Soybean Oil D. Orange juice

C. Soybean Oil

Anna is 17 years of age and pregnant with her first child. She has difficulty earning enough money to support herself, and recently, she was diagnosed with iron deficiency. Based on this information, Anna should enroll in the ________ program. A. FDIC B.FDA C.WIC D.HWHB

C. WIC

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse (negative) correlation? A. When a group of adults increases their intake of fruits and vegetables, the percentage of people in the group who have high blood levels of vitamin C levels increases. B. When a group of people decreases their physical activity levels, the percentage of people in the group with healthy levels of body fat decreases. C. When a group of older adults increases their intake of high-fiber foods, the percentage of people in the group who develop intestinal cancer decreases. D. When a group of children eat more sugary foods, the percentage of children in the group who develop two or more decayed teeth increases.

C. When a group of older adults increases their intake of high-fiber foods, the percentage of people in the group who develop intestinal cancer decreases.

Two-month-old Deanna is not growing normally. After Deanna underwent numerous tests, her physicians determined that she was born with a condition in which fat deposits form in cells that are not designed to store fat. The fat deposits eventually kill the cells. Her older brother died as a result of the same disorder when he was 8 months of age. Based on this information, Deanna has ________. A. metabolic syndrome B. type 1 diabetes C. defective DNA D. celiac disease

C. defectic DNA

Peter is a 5′ 7′′, 30-year-old man who weighs almost 350 pounds. To lose weight, he's tried calorie-restricted diets, fad diets, exercise programs, and appetite-suppressing pills without success. Peter would like to have weight loss surgery that involves stapling his stomach. Based on this information, Peter's physician is likely to recommend the ________ as the best way to help Peter lose his excess body weight and maintain the weight loss. A. gastric banding method B. hypothalamectomy method C. visceral liposuction procedure D. Roux-en-Y procedure

D. Roux-en-Y procedure

Lola doesn't like to cook, so she eats fast food at least three times a week. When she doesn't eat fast food, she opens a can of soup and makes a ham and cheese sandwich. For snacks, she prefers processed cheese cubes, potato chips, and pretzels. Based on this information, her diet is very high in __________ A. Potassium B. Vitamin D C. Beta-carotene D. Sodium

D. Sodium

Which of the following federally subsidized food programs is designed to improve the nutritional status specifically of low-income pregnant and breastfeeding women and their preschool children in the United States? A. Commodity Supplemental Food Programs B. Meals on Wheels C. UNIVEF D. WIC

D. WIC

A dietary supplement is a natural product that can be taken by mouth, injected into the bloodstream, or rubbed on skin. True or False

False

According to results of scientific studies, people who take dietary supplements of vitamin A or beta-carotene have a lower risk of developing cancer. True or false

False

According to the dietary Guidelines for Americans, vitamin C is a nutrient of public health concern. true or false

False

Beta-carotene is the most biologically active form of vitamin A. True or False

False

Gluten sensitivity is the medical name for celiac disease. True or False

False

Lactose intolerance is caused by eating foods that contain high amounts of sucrose and maltose. True or false

False

Phenylalanine is not an essential amino acid. True or False

False

Ryan's fasting blood glucose level is consistently between 126 and 140 mg/dl. Based on this information, Ryan has pre-diabetes. True or false

False

According to the FDA, a packaged food can contain 0.4 grams of fat per serving and still display the "fat free" nutrient content claim on its label. True or False

True

Aldosterone is a hormone that helps the body conserve water. True or false

True

When healthy skin is exposed to sunshine, it forms a substance that they body converts to active vitamin D. True or false

True

The Adult form of rickets is called osteomalacia. True or false

true