final practice nutritom

Which of the following statements is true of foodborne intoxication? Foodborne intoxication is caused by the ingestion of food that contains microbial toxins. Foodborne intoxication is caused by the ingestion of food that contains live bacteria. Foodborne intoxication is caused by the ingestion of food that contains viruses. Foodborne intoxication is caused by the ingestion of cooked vegetables. Foodborne intoxication is caused by the ingestion of food that contains parasites.

Foodborne intoxication is caused by the ingestion of food that contains microbial toxins.

Which of the following types of foods is likely to cause dental caries when consumed in excess? Foods that are rich in fats Foods that are rich in iron Foods that are rich in proteins Foods that are rich in carbohydrates Foods that are rich in fiber

Foods that are rich in carbohydrates

Which of the following factors in a child's life increases the likelihood of excessive weight gain? Frequently consuming fried or sugary foods Indulging in less than an hour of sedentary activity per day Having been breastfed for more than six months as a baby Having underweight parents Exercising for more than 60 minutes a day

Frequently consuming fried or sugary foods

Which of the following statements is true of vitamin C? A lack of the vitamin causes beriberi. It inhibits iron absorption. It prevents common cold. It helps maintain connective tissues. An excess of the vitamin can result in gallstones.

It helps maintain connective tissues.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of vitamins B and C? They seldom reach toxic levels. They are easily absorbed and excreted. They dissolve in water. They are stored extensively in tissues. Some are destroyed on exposure to light, heat, or oxygen during processing.

They are stored extensively in tissues.

Which of the following is caused by vitamin K deficiency? Beriberi Scurvy Uncontrolled bleeding Pellagra Pernicious anemia

Uncontrolled bleeding

Over half of the body's magnesium is stored in the: muscles liver bones blood skin cells

bones

The chief protein that is present in most connective tissues, including scars, ligaments, and tendons, is: insulin enzymes hemoglobin collagen antibodies

collagen

Which of the following changes can be slowed down or prevented in older adults? Elevated blood pressure Graying hair Menopause in women Loss of fertility in men Diminished visual memory

elevated bp

Children suffering from severe acute malnutrition may attempt to limit their activity by not crying for food.

t

When making food choices, the best types of foods to include in your diet are: medical foods because they cure diseases fast foods because they are the most readily available Correct! whole foods because they provide the basis of a nutritious diet processed foods because they require minimal cooking ultra-processed foods because they are the most palatable

whole foods because they provide the basis of a nutritious diet

According to the USDA Eating Patterns, one ounce of protein foods is equal to all of the following except: 1 oz. cooked fish 1 egg 1 tbs peanut butter 1 cup cooked legumes ½ oz nuts

1 cup cooked legumes

Based on the USDA's MyPlate, at least _____ of the plate should be occupied by fruits and vegetables at each meal. 1/3 1/4 1/2 2/3 3/4

1/2

Water loss can be expressed as a percentage of body weight. If a 150-pound person loses 3 pounds of body fluids, what percentage of body weight has he lost? One percent Two percent Three percent Four percent Five percent

2%

Calculate the recommended daily protein intake for a male runner who weighs 152 pounds and participates in sprints and hurdles. 55-76 g/day 83-138 g/day 30-40 g/day 17-48 g/day 140-180 g/day

83-138 g/day

How can a city official change the built environment in his town to help promote the healthy weight status of its residents? Invite a fitness center chain to open a franchise within city limits Add bike lanes to busy roads within the city Set an upper limit for the height of under-construction buildings Permit business owners to set up shops on the sidewalks Restrict the import of prepackaged foods

Add bike lanes to busy roads within the city

Which of the following factors does not influence glycogen breakdown during physical activity? Overall carbohydrate intake Age of the person Duration of the activity Intensity of physical activity Glycogen storage of the body

Age of the person

Which type of research studies populations and is often used to search for correlations between dietary habits and disease incidence? An intervention study A laboratory study A case study An epidemiological study A placebo-controlled study

An epidemiological study

Which types of cells do not reproduce and, if damaged by injury or disease, are lost forever? Skin cells Red blood cells Muscle cells Liver cells Brain cells

Brain cells

Which of the following statements is true regarding protein intake recommendations? Athletes may need slightly more protein than other healthy adults. Athletes build muscle only when they consume excess protein supplements. Dieters should take excess protein supplements to spare body proteins. Infants and children need the same amount of protein as adults on a per-kilogram basis. Protein recommendations are based strictly on age and gender.

Athletes may need slightly more protein than other healthy adults.

Which of the following is a disease caused by thiamin deficiency? Pellagra Osteomalacia Scurvy Beriberi Anemia

Beriberi

Which of the following can increase the anti-blood clotting effect of aspirin and lead to severe hemorrhaging? Nicotine Caffeine Ginkgo biloba Antacids MAO inhibitors

Ginkgo biloba

Which of the following hormones is released from the pancreas when the blood glucose level is low? Adrenaline Norepinephrine Insulin Glucagon Epinephrine

Glucagon

Which of the following is not a desirable blood lipid value? Low total cholesterol High LDL High HDL Low triglycerides Low VLDL

High LDL

What is not a risk of being underweight? Early death during a famine or in a siege High risk of developing heart disease Death from starvation when suffering from cancer High risk of death following surgery Deterioration of nutrition status during hospitalization

High risk of developing heart disease

Which types of foods can sustain feelings of fullness longer than other foods? Foods high in digestible starch Low-protein foods Low-carbohydrate foods High-fiber foods Low-fat foods

High-fiber foods

How is dietary fiber beneficial to health? Fiber can be broken down to glucose. Soluble fiber reduces complications from diverticulosis. Insoluble fiber aids in easing stool elimination. Fiber always contains antioxidants. Insoluble fiber can help lower the risk of diabetes.

Insoluble fiber aids in easing stool elimination.

You are presenting to a group of consumers about ways to use food labels to choose healthy foods in the grocery store. During your presentation, what would you emphasize? Converting the values present in grams to kilograms Comparing similar food products based on nutrient components Understanding the terms used on food labels Converting the values present in grams to kilograms and comparing similar food products based on nutrient components Comparing similar food products based on nutrient components and understanding the terms used on food labels

Comparing similar food products based on nutrient components and understanding the terms used on food labels

Your friend is participating in a strenuous world-class competition that lasts for over four hours. What advice would you give your friend? Don't worry about electrolyte losses. Consume sports drinks and pretzels. Take electrolyte or salt tablets. Drink plenty of plain water. Drink a fluid that contains sucrose, not fructose.

Consume sports drinks and pretzels.

Which of the following results does not support the recent research on the health benefits of flavonoids found in dark chocolate? A flavonoid antioxidant gets absorbed in the blood of individuals who eat chocolate. Chocolate intake correlates with a lower risk of heart disease. Dark chocolate consumption promotes weight loss. The flavonoids in dark chocolate reduce the level of harmful oxidizing compounds in the blood. In a study of about 1,000 people, greater chocolate intakes were associated with more depressive symptoms.

Dark chocolate consumption promotes weight loss.

Which of the following statements is true of essential fatty acids? Omega-6 fatty acids are saturated fatty acids. EPA and DHA tend to collect in cell membranes. EPA and DHA are part of the omega-6 fatty acid family. Omega-3 fatty acids are monounsaturated fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids are monounsaturated fatty acids.

EPA and DHA tend to collect in cell membranes.

Which of the following is true of agroecology? It involves the management of pests using a combination of natural and biological controls and minimal or no application of pesticides. It refers to agriculture practiced on a small scale using individualized approaches that vary with local conditions so as to minimize technological, fuel, and chemical inputs. It represents the columns of oxygen-depleted ocean water in which marine life cannot survive and is often caused by algae blooms. It is a scientific discipline that combines biological, physical, and social sciences with ecological theory to develop methods for producing food sustainably. It refers to adjusting soil and crop management to target the precise needs of various areas of a farm.

It is a scientific discipline that combines biological, physical, and social sciences with ecological theory to develop methods for producing food sustainably.

Which of the following is true of a postexercise recovery meal? It replenishes energy and glycogen levels. It includes expensive food products. It removes accumulated lactic acid from the body. It does not include protein-rich food products. It contains vitamins and minerals that can improve performanc

It replenishes energy and glycogen levels.

Which statement is true of the pesticide levels in organic foods? Changing the diet from organic foods to conventionally grown foods has resulted in a gradual decline of pesticide ingestion. Organic foods, when tested, contain no pesticides or lower levels of pesticides than conventionally grown foods. The long-term use of organic foods poses several health risks because of the bioaccumulation of pesticides. Choosing organic versions of conventionally grown foods, which test positive for pesticides, is recommended because prices are the same.

Organic foods, when tested, contain no pesticides or lower levels of pesticides than conventionally grown foods.

Kathy is 22 weeks pregnant. She develops blurred vision, constant headaches, upper abdominal pain, hypertension, edema, and protein in her urine. Which of the following conditions is Kathy suffering from? Gestational diabetes Gestational hypertension Preeclampsia Chronic hypertension Listeriosis

Preeclampsia

Which of the following determines the acidity of a substance? The concentration of hydroxide particles The concentration of carbon particles The concentration of oxygen particles The concentration of hydrogen particles The concentration of glucose part

The concentration of hydrogen particles

What is the most insignificant characteristic of a person with bulimia? The person is close to her ideal body weight. The person is unaware that her behavior is abnormal. The person is unable to maintain a constant body weight. The person is unable to control the desire for binge eating and purging. The person is likely to vomit after a full meal.

The person is unaware that her behavior is abnormal.

A lactating woman is unable to eat adequate food because of financial problems. What effect will this situation have on her breast milk? The quantity of milk will decrease, but it will still be nutritionally adequate. She will stop making breast milk until she gets adequate food again. There will not be any effect on her breast milk because the body will continue to produce enough. The breast milk will be highly concentrated with nutrients. The quantity of milk will remain the same, but it will have very few nutrients.

The quantity of milk will decrease, but it will still be nutritionally adequate.

Which of the following statements is true of trans-fatty acids? They are synthesized by the body. Their amounts are never listed on food labels. They are produced when polyunsaturated oils are hydrogenated. They do not contain double bonds. They lower blood LDL cholesterol when consumed.

They are produced when polyunsaturated oils are hydrogenated.

A food manufacturer is packaging a food product that is susceptible to mold and bacterial growth. The food additive he is most likely to use to prevent this growth is: acetic acid vitamin E propyl gallate carrageenan citric acid

acetic acid

Vitamin E serves as: a provitamin an antioxidant an antivitamin a free radical a precursor

an antioxidant

One of the major benefits of physical activity for weight management is: an increase in appetite immediately after exercise an increase in lean muscle tissue that burns more energy the ability to eat high-calorie snacks an ability to maintain an elevated BMR for several hours after exercise a significant reduction in continuous cravings for food

an increase in lean muscle tissue that burns more energy

To prevent the early onset of cataracts, older adults should consume a diet that provides an ample supply of: proteins carbohydrates vitamin A from fortified milk carotenoids calcium and vitamin D

carotenoids

The best way for a person to get all the essential nutrients and keep energy intake low is to: limit the consumption of foods from the grains group follow a diet that includes only green vegetables follow a diet rich in dairy products choose foods with a high nutrient density from each food group eat only unprocessed foods

choose foods with a high nutrient density from each food group

Jack's physician has placed him on a diet recommended for controlling blood cholesterol levels. In order to follow this plan, Jack would: consume 300 mg cholesterol per day limit sodium intake to 2400 mg per day consume 40% of calories as monounsaturated fats consume no more than 5 to 6% of calories as saturated fat replace soluble fiber with insoluble fiber

consume no more than 5 to 6% of calories as saturated fat

The role of bile in fat digestion is to: digest fats in the stomach emulsify fats in the small intestine transport fats through the circulatory system digest fats in the mouth hydrogenate the double bonds of fatty acids

emulsify fats in the small intestine

Bone loss is a calcium-deficiency disease similar to iron-deficiency anemia. true False

f

The body is capable of producing all 20 amino acids it requires from fragments derived from carbohydrate and fat. True False

f

The main sources of iodine in the central parts of the United States are plants grown in iodine-rich soil. True False

f

A young child who used to like bananas now gets nauseated if he has to eat them. This has happened ever since he fell ill two months ago from spinning on a carousel right after eating a banana in the playground. This would be an example of a: food allergy food intolerance food aversion food immunity food faddism

food aversion

Which of the following carbohydrates is responsible for the intensely sweet taste of fruit? Lignin Fructose Galactose Cellulose Pectin

fructose

The liver converts excess energy-yielding nutrients into _____ for storage. starch and glycogen protein and glucose protein and fat glycogen and protein glycogen and fat

glycogen and fat

In a research study, one set of subjects received a treatment and another set of subjects received a placebo. This research study is an example of a(n): case study epidemiological study laboratory study meta-analysis intervention study

intervention study

A major cause of preventable cretinism among the poor is: iodine deficiency vitamin A deficiency iron deficiency folate deficiency zinc deficiency

iodine deficiency

To avoid cross-contamination of foods, _____. it is a good practice to keep a separate cutting board just for raw meats do not place a raw slice of tomato on a cooked hamburger patty do not place containers of cooked foods next to each other do not thaw raw meats in the refrigerator it is a good practice to store fresh juices and ready-to-eat fo

it is a good practice to keep a separate cutting board just for raw meats

The breakdown of fat that occurs when carbohydrates are not available produces: monosaccharides glycogen bodies ketone bodies amino acids disaccharides

ketone bodies

Blood leaving the digestive system is routed directly to the _____. liver kidneys gallbladder heart lungs

liver

Which of the following foods is not a major source of soluble fibers? Fruits Legumes Vegetables Milk Seaweeds

milk

Which of the following substances helps prevent changes in the acid-base balance of body fluids? Sugars Vitamins Cholesterols Mineral salts Tannins

mineral salts

Three ounces of beef stew contains about the same amount of iron as three ounces of water-packed tuna. However, the beef stew provides over 300 calories, while the tuna provides about 100 calories. With respect to iron, the tuna offers more: balance nutrient density dietary variety moderation variety

nutrient density

Which is the best fluid source for casual exercisers to replace lost body fluids? Glucose solution Fruit juice Plain water Salt solution Coffee

plain water

If you want to make your own baby food at home, it is best to: puree a small amount of cooked food that has not been seasoned puree a small amount of cereal and sugar without adding salt use salted canned vegetables since they have already been cooked add honey to canned fruit before pureeing to provide more calories puree a small amount of cooked food that has been seasoned

puree a small amount of cooked food that has not been seasoned

Farmers who use genetic engineering to grow pesticide-resistant crops: contribute to soil depletion waste irrigation water from runoff reduce the use of petroleum and energy need to frequently till the soil to reduce weed growth decrease the nutrient content of foods

reduce the use of petroleum and energy

Removing gluten from the diet has been shown to: resolve digestive problems in people with celiac disease help with weight loss in people trying to lose weight reduce problems with insomnia cause kidney impairment cause protein deficiency

resolve digestive problems in people with celiac disease

Steamed rice is an integral part of meals in Southeast Asia. Thus, steamed rice is an example of a(n) _____ food of Southeast Asia. supplementary medical staple exotic ultra-processed

staple

A U.S. farmer or manufacturer selling certified organic food must pass USDA inspections at every step of production.

t

Abdominal obesity is a common risk factor for diabetes, cancer, and hypertension.

t

Carbon dioxide is an example of a greenhouse gas.

t

Folate plays an important role in preventing neural tube defects.

t

The glycemic index of foods may be of interest to people with diabetes who must strive to regulate blood glucose. True False

true

The body uses _____ to make the brown pigment melanin. glutamic acid methionine tyrosine valine tryptophan

tyrosine

Jason has a high blood LDL cholesterol concentration that can lead to heart disease. A good way for Jason to lower his LDL would be to: top his usual ice cream dessert with nuts eat pork chops with fat supplement his current diet with peanut oil eat fried potatoes in place of plain baked potatoes use fat-free milk in place of whole milk

use fat-free milk in place of whole milk`

An overweight 45-year-old man has several family members with heart disease. He is concerned about inheriting the disease from his family members. Which of the following risk factors can he alter to reduce his chances of developing heart disease? Gender Family history Weight Age Genetics

weight