Final Prep U
A patient is being seen in the clinic for possible kidney disease. What major sensitive indicator of kidney disease does the nurse anticipate the patient will be tested for? Blood urea nitrogen level Creatinine clearance level Uric acid level Serum potassium level
Creatinine clearance level
A 32-year-old client is undergoing diagnostics due to a significant drop in renal output. The physician has scheduled an angiography and you are in the midst of completing client education about the procedure and postprocedural assessments. What postprocedural assessment will you perform on the client? Hypersensitivity response All options are correct. Palpate pedal pulses. Monitor site condition. Explanation: After the procedure, the physician applies a pressure dressing to the femoral area, which remains in place for several hours. The nurse palpates the pulses in the legs and feet at least every 1 to 2 hours for signs of arterial occlusion. Monitoring the pressure dressing is important to note frank bleeding or hematoma formation. If either condition occurs, the nurse immediately notifies the physician. Another important assessment is for hypersensitivity responses to contrast material. The client remains on bed rest for 4 to 8 hours. The nurse also monitors and documents intake and output.
All options are correct.
A client with acromegaly has been given the option of a surgical approach or a medical approach. The client decides to have a surgical procedure to remove the pituitary gland. What does the nurse understand this surgical procedure is called? Hypophysectomy Ablation Hysteroscopy Thyroidectomy
Hypophysectomy
Retention of which electrolyte is the most life-threatening effect of renal failure? Calcium Potassium Phosphorous Sodium
Potassium
A client is admitted for treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which nursing intervention is appropriate? Restricting fluids Infusing I.V. fluids rapidly as ordered Administering glucose-containing I.V. fluids as ordered Encouraging increased oral intake
Restricting fluids
client has a decreased level of thyroid hormone being excreted. What will the feedback loop do to maintain the level of thyroid hormone required to maintain homeostatic stability? Stimulate more hormones using the positive feedback system Stimulate more hormones using the negative feedback system Produce a new hormone to try and regulate the thyroid function The feedback loop will be unable to perform in response to low levels of thyroid hormone.
Stimulate more hormones using the negative feedback system
The most frequent reason for admission to skilled care facilities includes which of the following? Stroke Congestive heart failure Urinary incontinence Myocardial infarction
Urinary incontinence
Trousseau's sign is elicited by a sharp tapping over the facial nerve just in front of the parotid gland and anterior to the ear that causes spasm or twitching of the mouth, nose, and eye. when the foot is dorsiflexed and there is pain in the calf. by occluding the blood flow to the arm for 3 minutes with the use of a blood pressure cuff. after making a clenched fist and the palm remains blanched when pressure is placed over the radial artery.
by occluding the blood flow to the arm for 3 minutes with the use of a blood pressure cuff.
Beta-blockers are used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism to counteract which of the following effects? Respiratory effects Parasympathetic Gastrointestinal effects Sympathetic
Sympathetic
Which of the following diagnostic tests are done to determine a suspected pituitary tumor? A radioimmunoassay Radiographs of the abdomen Measuring blood hormone levels A computed tomography (CT) scan
A computed tomography (CT) scan
A nursing student asks the instructor why the pituitary gland is called the "master gland." What is the best response by the instructor? "The gland does not have any other function other than to cause secretion of the growth hormones." "It is the gland that is responsible for regulating the hypothalamus." "It regulates metabolism." "It regulates the function of other endocrine glands."
"It regulates the function of other endocrine glands."
A female client with hyperglycemia who weighs 210 lb (95 kg) tells the nurse that her husband sleeps in another room because her snoring keeps him awake. The nurse notices that the client has large hands and a hoarse voice. Which disorder would the nurse suspect as a possible cause of the client's hyperglycemia? Type 1 diabetes mellitus Deficient growth hormone Hypothyroidism Acromegaly
Acromegaly
A client with severe hypoparathyroidism is experiencing tetany. What medication, prescribed by the physician for emergency use, will the nurse administer to correct the deficit? Calcium gluconate Sodium bicarbonate Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) Fludrocortisone (Florinef)
Calcium gluconate
Your client is having a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test run. What do you recall from your studies that is true about BUN levels? BUN is increased in renal disease and urinary obstruction. BUN is decreased in nephrotic syndrome. BUN is decreased in renal disease and urinary obstruction. BUN is unchanged in renal disease.
BUN is increased in renal disease and urinary obstruction.
The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a kidney biopsy. The nurse would need to be alert for signs and symptoms of which of the following? Bleeding Infection Dehydration Allergic reaction
Bleeding
Accidental removal of one or both parathyroid glands can occur during a thyroidectomy. Which of the following is used to treat tetany? Propylthiouracil (PTU) Tapazole Synthroid Calcium gluconate
Calcium gluconate
The actions of parathyroid hormone (PTH) are increased in the presence of which vitamin? D C B E
D
Ross Babcock, a 42-year-old firefighter, is being seen by an endocrinologist at the endocrinology group where you practice nursing. At this visit, he will receive results of previously ordered diagnostics. During your client education session, you describe the mechanism of hormone level maintenance. What causes most hormones to be secreted? Increase in hormonal levels Decrease in hormonal levels Hormonal overproduction Hormonal underproduction
Decrease in hormonal levels
A health care provider suspects that a thyroid nodule may be malignant. The nurse knows to prepare information for the patient based on the usual test that will be ordered to establish a diagnosis. What is that test? Free T4 analysis Serum immunoassay for TSH Fine-needle biopsy of the thyroid gland Ultrasound of the thyroid gland
Fine-needle biopsy of the thyroid gland
Which outcome indicates that treatment of a client with diabetes insipidus has been effective? Fluid intake is less than 2,500 ml/day. Blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. Heart rate is 126 beats/minute. Urine output measures more than 200 ml/hour.
Fluid intake is less than 2,500 ml/day.
A middle-aged female client complains of anxiety, insomnia, weight loss, the inability to concentrate, and eyes feeling "gritty." Thyroid function tests reveal the following: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 0.02 U/ml, thyroxine 20 g/dl, and triiodothyronine 253 ng/dl. A 6-hour radioactive iodine uptake test showed a diffuse uptake of 85%. Based on these assessment findings, the nurse should suspect: Graves' disease. multinodular goiter. Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Thyroiditis.
Graves' disease.
A nurse is preparing an education program about renal disease. Which risk factor should the nurse include when teaching? Select all that apply. Hypotension Immobility Spinal cord injury Sickle-cell anemia Seizures
Immobility Spinal cord injury Sickle-cell anemia
Which intervention is the most critical for a client with myxedema coma? Warming the client with a warming blanket Maintaining a patent airway Measuring and recording accurate intake and output Administering an oral dose of levothyroxine (Synthroid)
Maintaining a patent airway
The nurse is caring for a patient complaining of orange-colored urine. The nurse suspects which of the following as the cause of the urine discoloration? Phenytoin (Dilantin) Infection Pyridium (phenazopyridium HCl) Metronidazole (Flagyl) Explanation: Orange to amber-colored urine is caused by concentrated urine due to dehydration, fever, bile, excess bilirubin or carotene, and the medications Pyridium (phenazopyridium HCl) and nitrofurantoin (Furadantin). Infection would cause yellow to milky white urine. Phenytoin (Dilantin) would cause the urine to become pink to red in color. Metronidazole (Flagyl) would cause the urine to become brown to black in color.
Pyridium (phenazopyridium HCl)
The nurse is caring for a client who is brought to the emergency department after being found unconscious outside in hot weather. Dehydration is suspected. Baseline lab work including a urine specific gravity is ordered. Which relation between the client's symptoms and urine specific gravity is anticipated The specific gravity will be low The specific gravity will be inversely proportional The specific gravity will be high. The specific gravity will equal to one
The specific gravity will be high.
A patient has been diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. The nurse would expect which of the following features to be present upon physical examination? Thin extremities "Moon face" Purple striae "Buffalo hump" Truncal obesity
Thin extremities "Moon face" Purple striae "Buffalo hump" Truncal obesity
Which group of clients should not receive potassium iodide? Those taking medications such as cough medicines Those who are allergic to seafood Those who are allergic to corticosteroids Those who are pregnant
Those who are allergic to seafood
A client has been diagnosed with myxedema from long-standing hypothyroidism. What clinical manifestations of this disorder does the nurse recognize are progressing to myxedema coma? Select all that apply. Hypotension Hypoventilation Hyperventilation Hypothermia Hypertension
all the hypos
A client is being evaluated for hypothyroidism. During assessment, the nurse should stay alert for: exophthalmos and conjunctival redness. flushed, warm, moist skin. systolic murmur at the left sternal border. decreased body temperature and cold intolerance.
decreased body temperature and cold intolerance.
A nurse is assessing a client with possible Cushing's syndrome. In a client with Cushing's syndrome, the nurse expects to find: weight gain in arms and legs. hypotension. deposits of adipose tissue in the trunk and dorsocervical area. thick, coarse skin.
deposits of adipose tissue in the trunk and dorsocervical area
A client with Addison's disease comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. When assessing this client, the nurse should stay alert for signs and symptoms of: sodium and potassium abnormalities. chloride and magnesium abnormalities. calcium and phosphorus abnormalities. sodium and chloride abnormalities.
sodium and potassium abnormalities.
nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus. The nurse should anticipate administering: furosemide (Lasix). vasopressin (Pitressin). potassium chloride. Insulin.
vasopressin (Pitressin).
During an assessment of a patient's functional health pattern, which question by the nurse directly addresses the patient's thyroid function? "Can you describe the amount of stress in your life?" "Do you experience fatigue even if you have slept a long time?" "Do you have to get up at night to empty your bladder?"
"Do you experience fatigue even if you have slept a long time?"
The nurse is providing instructions to the client prior to an intravenous pyelogram. Which statement by the client indicates teaching was effective "I will feel a warm sensation as the dye is injected." "I should remove all jewelry before the test." "I should let the staff know if I feel claustrophobic." "I will need to drink all of the dye as quickly as possible."
"I will feel a warm sensation as the dye is injected."
A client with hyperparathyroidism declines surgery and is to receive hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progesterone. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in the client's teaching plan? "Rest as much as possible." "Maintain a moderate exercise program." "Jog at least 2 miles per day." "Lose weight." A nurse is preparing to
"Maintain a moderate exercise program."
A client with a history of hypertension is diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism. This diagnosis indicates that the client's hypertension is caused by excessive hormone secretion from which gland? Adrenal medulla Adrenal cortex Parathyroid Pancreas
Adrenal cortex
A nurse working in the ED at a level 1 trauma center is notified that casualties from a multivehicle car accident are currently in transit. The nurse notes that her heart is pounding and her mouth is dry. What gland is responsible for your physiologic response? Pineal gland Thyroid gland Adrenal cortex Adrenal medulla
Adrenal medulla
A 24-hour urine collection is scheduled to begin at 8:00 am. When should the nurse initiate the procedure? After discarding the 8:00 am specimen 6 hours after the urine is discarded With the first specimen voided after 8:00 am At 8:00 am, with or without a specimen
After discarding the 8:00 am specimen
When high levels of plasma calcium occur, the nurse is aware that the following hormone will be secreted: Phosphorus Parathyroid Thyroxine Calcitonin
Calcitonin
Trousseau's sign is elicited by which of the following? The patient complains of pain in the calf when his foot is dorsiflexed. Carpopedal spasm is induced by occluding the blood flow to the arm for 3 minutes with the use of a blood pressure cuff. A sharp tapping over the facial nerve just in front of the parotid gland and anterior to the ear causes spasm or twitching of the mouth, nose, and eye. After making a clenched fist, the palm remains blanched when pressure is placed over the radial artery.
Carpopedal spasm is induced by occluding the blood flow to the arm for 3 minutes with the use of a blood pressure cuff.
The nurse is assessing a client at the diagnostic imaging center. For which diagnostic test would the client assess for an allergy to shellfish Computed tomography with contrast Cystoscopy Bladder ultrasonography Radiograph
Computed tomography with contrast
What interventions can the nurse encourage the client to do in order to control thirst and compensate for urine loss? Limit the fluid intake at night. Come to the clinic for IV fluid therapy daily. Weigh daily. Consume adequate amounts of fluid.
Consume adequate amounts of fluid.
Which of the following disorders is characterized by a group of symptoms produced by an excess of free circulating cortisol from the adrenal cortex? Graves' disease Cushing syndrome Hashimoto's disease Addison's disease
Cushing syndrome
A patient is having diagnostic testing for suspected hyperthyroidism. Which of the following diagnostics correlate with this endocrine disorder? Select all that apply. Decrease in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Increased T4 Increase in radioactive iodine uptake Increases in serum TSH Increased T3
Decrease in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Increased T4 Increase in radioactive iodine uptake Increased T3
A female patient presents to the health clinical for a routine physical examination. The nurse observes that the patient's urine is bright yellow in color. Which of the following questions is most appropriate for the nurse to ask the patient "Have you noticed any vaginal bleeding?" "Do you take phenytoin (Dilantin) daily?" "Do you take multiple vitamin preparations?"
Do you take multiple vitamin preparations?
A nurse is preparing to palpate a client's thyroid gland. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? Have the client hyperextend his neck and take slow, deep inhalations while she palpates his neck with her fingertips. Encircle the client's neck with both hands, have the client slightly extend his neck, and ask him to swallow. Have the client flex his neck onto his chest and cough while she palpates the anterior neck with her fingertips. Place her hands around the client's neck, with the thumbs in the front of the neck, and gently massage the anterior neck.
Encircle the client's neck with both hands, have the client slightly extend his neck, and ask him to swallow.
An appropriate nursing intervention for the client following a nuclear scan of the kidney is to Encourage high fluid intake. Apply moist heat to the flank area. Strain all urine for 48 hours. Monitor for hematuria.
Encourage high fluid intake.
Following a voiding cystogram, the client has a nursing diagnosis of risk for infection related to the introduction of bacterial following manipulation of the urinary tract. An appropriate nursing intervention for the client is to: Monitor for hematuria. Strain all urine for 48 hours. Encourage high fluid intake. Apply moist heat to the flank area.
Encourage high fluid intake.
A nurse is assessing a client with hyperthyroidism. What findings should the nurse expect? Diaphoresis, fever, and decreased sweating Weight loss, nervousness, and tachycardia Weight gain, constipation, and lethargy Exophthalmos, diarrhea, and cold intolerance
Exophthalmos, diarrhea, and cold intolerance
A nurse should perform which intervention for a client with Cushing's syndrome? Explain the rationale for increasing salt and fluid intake in times of illness, increased stress, and very hot weather. Explain that the client's physical changes are a result of excessive corticosteroids. Suggest a high-carbohydrate, low-protein diet. Offer clothing or bedding that's cool and comfortable.
Explain the rationale for increasing salt and fluid intake in times of illness, increased stress, and very hot weather.
The nurse is reviewing a client's history which reveals that the client has had an oversecretion of growth hormone (GH) that occurred before puberty. The nurse interprets this as which of the following? Simmonds' disease Acromegaly Gigantism Dwarfism
Gigantism
The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes who developed hypoglycemia. What can the nurse administer to the client to raise the blood sugar level? Cortisone Glucagon Estrogen Insulin
Glucagon
Which hormone would be responsible for increasing blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis? Glucagon Insulin Cholecystokinin Somatostatin
Glucagon
Prolactin A client is having chronic pain from arthritis. What type of hormone is released in response to the stress of this pain that suppresses inflammation and helps the body withstand stress? Mineralocorticoids Testosterone Glucocorticoids Estrogen
Glucocorticoids
Which condition should a nurse expect to find in a client diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism? Hyperphosphatemia Hypercalcemia Hypocalcemia Hypophosphaturia
Hypercalcemia
The nurse is assessing a client in the clinic who appears restless, excitable, and agitated. The nurse observes that the client has exophthalmos and neck swelling. What diagnosis do these clinical manifestations correlate with? Hyperthyroidism Diabetes insipidus (DI) Hypothyroidism Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
Hyperthyroidism
What does a positive Chvostek's sign indicate? Hyponatremia Hypokalemia Hypermagnesemia Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcemia
Thyroid storm is a severe form of hyperthyroidism that can be fatal if not treated. Medical management includes pharmacotherapy. Which of the following drugs have proved helpful? Select all that apply. Methimazole Iodine Hydrocortisone Salicylates Acetaminophen
all except Salicylates
A nurse is preparing to palpate the thyroid gland. Where would the nurse expect to find this gland? In the abdomen, directly above the kidneys In the lower neck, anterior to the trachea In the right to left upper quadrant of the abdomen In the upper part of the chest near the heart
In the lower neck, anterior to the trachea
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a client with renal disease. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Increased serum albumin Increased serum creatinine Decreased potassium
Increased serum creatinine
The nurse reviews a client's history and notes that the client has a history of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse would identify that this client most likely would be at risk for which of the following? Kidney stones Neurogenic bladder Fistula Chronic renal failure
Kidney stones
Sympathetic Although not being designated as endocrine glands, several organs within the body secrete hormones as part of their normal function. Which organ secretes hormones which are involved in increasing blood pressure and volume and maturation of red blood cells? Cardiac atria Kidneys Brain Liver
Kidneys
When preparing teaching plan for a client with an endocrine disorder, the nurse includes information about hormone regulation. Which of the following would the nurse include? Hormone secretion occurs as a straight-line continuous process. Most disorders result from over- or underproduction of the hormone. The gland becomes enlarged leading to a deficiency of the hormone. The gland slows hormone secretion when the hormone level decreases.
Most disorders result from over- or underproduction of the hormone.
Which of the following would the nurse need to be alert for in a client with severe hypothyroidism? Thyroid storm Myxedemic coma Acromegaly Addison's disease
Myxedemic coma
Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform to determine the development of peptic ulcers when caring for a patient with Cushing's syndrome? Monitor bowel patterns. Observe urine output. Monitor vital signs every 4 hours. Observe the color of stool.
Observe the color of stool.
Urine specific gravity is a measurement of the kidney's ability to concentrate and excrete urine. The specific gravity measures urine concentration by measuring the density of urine and comparing it with the density of distilled water. Select the correct example of how urine concentration is affected from among the following statements. On a hot day, a person who is perspiring profusely and taking little fluid has low urine output with a high specific gravity. On a hot day, a person who is perspiring profusely and taking little fluid has high urine output with a low specific gravity. A person who has a high fluid intake and who is not losing excessive water from perspiration, diarrhea, or vomiting has scant urine output with a high specific gravity. When the kidneys are diseased, the ability to concentrate urine may be impaired and the specific gravity may vary widely.
On a hot day, a person who is perspiring profusely and taking little fluid has low urine output with a high specific gravity.
Which hormones are secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland? Select all that apply. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Oxytocin Vasopressin Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Oxytocin Vasopressin
Cardiac effects of hyperthyroidism include which of the following? Palpitations Bradycardia Decreased pulse pressure Decreased systolic blood pressure
Palpitations
Lydia Kranston, a 3-year-old female, is being seen by a healthcare provider in the endocrinology group where you practice nursing. She has a significant height deficit and is to be evaluated for diagnostic purposes. What could be the cause of her disorder? Pituitary disorder Parathyroid disorder Adrenal disorder Thyroid disorder
Pituitary disorder
ADH is secreted by which of the following glands? Adrenal Posterior pituitary Thyroid Anterior pituitary
Posterior pituitary
A nurse educator is teaching a chapter on, "The Function of the Endocrine System." Which of the following hormones would she not include as one of the six hypothalamic hormones? Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Corticotropin-releasing hormone Prolactin
Prolactin
The nurse is aware, when caring for patients with renal disease, that which of the following substances, made in the glomeruli, directly controls blood pressure? Vasopressin Renin Albumin Cortisol
Renin
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus? Aldosterone Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Calcitonin Renin
Renin
The nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Complaints of sleepiness Reports of increased appetite Inability to tolerate cold Thick hard nails
Reports of increased appetite
A postpartum client is receiving intravenous oxytocin (Pitocin) after birth. Why will this medication be used for this client after the birth of her child? Will prevent lactation for a woman who is bottle feeding her newborn Decreases the postpartum cramping Stimulates the contraction of the uterus and prevents bleeding Helps treat nausea
Stimulates the contraction of the uterus and prevents bleeding
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has which effects on the kidney? Increased absorption of vitamin E and excretion of vitamin D Increased absorption of vitamin D and excretion of vitamin E Stimulation of calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion Stimulation of phosphate reabsorption and calcium excretion
Stimulation of calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion
A nurse explains to a client with thyroid disease that the thyroid gland normally produces: thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and TSH. iodine and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH, triiodothyronine (T3), and calcitonin. T3, thyroxine (T4), and calcitonin.
T3, thyroxine (T4), and calcitonin.
A client with hypothyroidism (myxedema) is receiving levothyroxine (Synthroid), 25 mcg P.O. daily. Which finding should the nurse recognize as an adverse reaction to the drug? Blurred vision Leg cramps Dysuria Tachycardia
Tachycardia
The nurse is caring for a patient with hyperthyroidism who suddenly develops symptoms related to thyroid storm. What symptoms does the nurse recognize that are indicative of this emergency? Temperature of 102ºF Blood pressure 90/58 mm Hg Oxygen saturation of 96% Heart rate of 62
Temperature of 102ºF
A nurse is assessing a client after a thyroidectomy. The assessment reveals muscle twitching and tingling, along with numbness in the fingers, toes, and mouth area. The nurse should suspect which complication? Hemorrhage Laryngeal nerve damage Tetany Thyroid storm
Tetany
The nurse is caring for a client who has presented to the walk-in clinic. The client verbalizes pain on urination, feelings of fatigue, and diffuse back pain. When completing a head-to-toe assessment, at which specific location would the nurse assess the client's kidneys for tenderness? The cost vertebral angle The upper abdominal quadrants on the left and right side Around the umbilicus Above the symphysis pubis
The cost vertebral angle
A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine which of the following? Details about the size of the organ and its location The client's blood sugar level The functioning of endocrine glands The concentration of a substance in plasma
The functioning of endocrine glands
A nurse is caring for a client with a kidney disorder. What role might the kidneys have in causing the client to have fluctuations in blood pressure? The kidneys release renin, a hormone that initiates the production of angiotensin and aldosterone to increase blood pressure and blood volume. The kidneys release erythropoietin, a hormone that initiates the production of angiotensin and aldosterone to increase blood pressure and blood volume The kidneys release cholecystokinin, a hormone that initiates the production of angiotensin and aldosterone to increase blood pressure and blood volume The kidneys release gastrin, a hormone that initiates the production of angiotensin and aldosterone to increase blood pressure and blood volume
The kidneys release renin, a hormone that initiates the production of angiotensin and aldosterone to increase blood pressure and blood volume.
When fluid intake is normal, the specific gravity of urine should be which of the following >1.025. <1.010. 1.010 to 1.025. 1.000.
1.010 to 1.025.
The wall of the bladder has four layers. Which of the following layers contains a membrane that prevents reabsorption of urine stored in the bladder? Mucosal Adventitia Detrusor Connective tissue
Mucosal
A client is admitted to an acute care facility with a tentative diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. The nurse should monitor the client closely for the related problem of: profound neuromuscular irritability. acute gastritis. severe hypotension. excessive thirst.
profound neuromuscular irritability.
Which of the following does the nurse recognize is the best clinical measure of renal function? Urine-specific gravity Volume of urine output Creatinine clearance Circulating ADH levels
Creatinine clearance
A client presents to the emergency department complaining of a dull, constant ache along the right costovertebral angle along with nausea and vomiting. The most likely cause of the client's symptoms is: acute prostatitis. an overdistended bladder. interstitial cystitis. renal calculi.
renal calculi.
