Final Review

How many countries are members of the International Monetary Fund?

189

There are ______ members in the United Nations today.

193

During which war did Israel gain control over Gaza, the Sinai desert, and Golan Heights?

1967 Six Day War

According to the United Nations, it is estimated that there were ______ million international immigrants in 2015.

244

How many distinct cultures are thought to exist in Africa?

300

Desertification affects 36 countries in Africa. What percentage of the continent's farmland has lost capacity for growing crops due to desertification?

65%

Where did the concept of citizenship originate?

Ancient Greece

A system of states that relies on shifting alliances to balance relationships and prevent conflict is better known by the term ______.

Balance of power

As of 2016, which country was the world's largest exporter?

China

All of the following statements regarding China in the 21st century are true except for? - China supports economic development projects in Africa and Latin America - China lays claim to island chains in the South China Sea belonging to Vietnam and the Philippines, signaling a willingness to assert its geostrategic interests - China is a fast growing economy

China will never be in a position to be a major global military and political power.

Globalization is characterized by ______.

Connectivity of markets across the globe and integration of communication networks

What defined relations between states prior to the 17th century?

Customary practices

What modern-day African country was ruled by King Leopold II of Belgium in the 19th and 20th centuries?

Democratic Republic of the Congo

By which name is the United Nations Conference on Environmental and Development in Rio de Janeiro known?

Earth Summit

Liberalism ______

Emphasizes the free market as the best path toward economic growth and prosperity

According to Thomas Friedman's The World is Flat (2205) What is the first and major World Flattener?

Fall of the Berlin Wall

True or False: Deterrence refers to the logic that assumes the certainty of a nuclear retaliation would prevent governments from launching such an attack in the first place.

False

True or False: The Balfour Declaration of 1917 was a British plan that called for the eventual creation of a two-state system consisting of Israel and Palestine.

False

True or False: The Concert of Europe was a multinational pact that outlawed war as a means of conflict resolution.

False

True or False: The United States fully supports the International Criminal Court and regularly offers the institution its support in considering cases.

False

All of the following countries are in the top four for TNC revenue except for ______ - France - Germany - China - United States

France

All of the following are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council except for ______. - China - Germany - France - United Kingdom

Germany

A natural asset of the earth that is available to all is better known as _____

Global commons

Challenges that transcend state boundaries and require a collective response are referred to as ______.

Global issues

During the Six-Day War, Israel gained control over what territory from Syria?

Golan Heights

The Global South, comprised of countries from Africa, Asia, and Latin America that banded together to seek collective solutions to global economic issues, is also known as ______

Group of 77

Nuclear weapons were used during World War II on which Japanese cities?

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

According to current estimates, in which two countries do the majority of the 780 million people suffering from hunger live?

India and China

All of the following are considered to be institutions established as part of the Bretton Woods system except for ______

International Trade Organization

Portfolio investment ______.

Is the purchase of stocks, bonds, or other financial assets

All of the following statements pertaining to hybridization are true except for? - It is defined as the interaction and reinforcing influences of global and local forces. - It is characterized by the incorporation of a range of cultural forms into a uniform set of values and practices. - It is thought to threaten cultural diversity and people's ability to maintain their distinctive identities. - It is hypothesized to occur due to the mobility of people, their ability to migrate, and the multicultural identities they have developed.

It is hypothesized to occur due to the mobility of people, their ability to migrate, and the multicultural identities they have developed

In 1994, Rwanda caused controversy globally when it received little international attention during _____.

It's genocide of the Tutsis by Hutu extremists

All of the following countries are current members of the so-called nuclear club except for ______. - Pakistan - India - Libya - Israel

Libya

All of the following countries are states of proliferation concern except for ______. - North Korea - Pakistan - Iran - Syria

Pakistan

International studies often draws upon multiple disciplines and perspectives, including ______.

Political science, sociology, economics

Oxfam, a British nongovernmental organization, defines a global citizen as someone who ______.

Respects and values diversity and participates in the community at a range of levels

In 2013, which country topped the Fragile States Index?

Somalia

Discussions between the Soviet Union and the United States that began in the early 1970s that aimed to restrict the number and types of weapons in their strategic arsenals resulted in ______.

Strategic Arms Limitations Talks (SALT) treaties and Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) treaties

Which Revolution was dubbed the_____, and in which country?

The Green Revolution and/or the Twitter Revolution in Iran

Following World War I, U.S. president Woodrow Wilson advocated for the creation of which international organization?

The League of Nations

All of the following statements regarding the Marshall Plan are true except? - The Soviet Union participated in the program in order to assert their interests. - It provided substantial funds to assist European countries in their recovery from World War II. - It led to a 37% increase in industrial production in the first few years it was implemented. - It led to a significant decrease in industrial production in the last years of its implementation

The Soviet Union participated in the program in order to assert their interests

Deforestation is ______.

The destruction of forest areas due to human actions or environmental factors

Only 27.7% of Africa's population and only 45.2% of Asia's population have Internet access. This illustrates the concept of ______.

The digital divide

The bourgeoisie are ______.

The owners of the means of production

Bitcoins are tied to which of the following countries?

They're not tied to any country

People are harmed by globalization ______

Through cultural homogenization

People benefit from globalization ______.

Through increasing overall standards of living and empowering people politically and economically

In 1882, Italy, Germany, and Austria-Hungary banded together to form the______.

Triple Alliance

True or False: Dependency theory is the view that the development of countries in the Global South is limited by the unfavorable terms through which they have been integrated into the global capitalist economy.

True

True or False: Nongovernmental organizations are the fastest-growing entities in the world today. One of the first NGOs was the Anti-Slavery Society; today, over 3,900 NGOs have consultative status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council.

True

Crimea, a peninsula currently occupied by Russia, originally belonged to what country?

Ukraine

As of 2014, which country was the world's largest importer?

United States

Many transnational corporations have revenues greater than several countries' GDPs. In 2016, which of the following is the largest transnational corporation in terms of revenue?

Walmart

Gacaca is ______.

a Rwandan process of truth and reconciliation after the 1994 genocide

Mercosur is ______.

a common market comprised of countries in South America

The caste system is _____

a division of society based on birth that originally developed from the Hindu religion

A hegemon is ______

a dominant power in the global economy

Sharia law is _____

a legal system that relies on Islam and applies broadly to how Muslims should live their lives

What is culture shock?

a physical and psychological response to cultural differences when traveling away from home

Malala Yousafzai ______.

advocates for freedom of young girls to obtain education

Genocide may involve all of the following except for ______.

an effort to resolve tensions between different ethnic groups by incorporating elements of the majority culture into the minority one

Intellectual property rights ______.

are patents, copyrights, and trademarks extended to individuals and organizations to protect their ownership of products or other creative works generated through their original ideas

All of the following are examples of cultural borders except? - religion - ethnicity - class - language

class

Key inventions of the industrial revolution include all of the following except for ______. - printing press - steam engine - mechanized iron production - computers

computers

The Bretton Woods system _____

consisted of three international organizations, including the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

Comparative advantage is the idea that ______

countries should produce and export those goods they can produce at a lower cost than others and import those items that others produce at a lower cost

French school of thought during the Enlightenment emphasized all of the following except for ______.

culture as a nonchanging phenomenon

All of the following are examples of the tragedy of the commons except for the ______. - depletion of ocean fish stocks - cutting down of trees on private property - traffic congestion on major highways - degradation of state parks

cutting down of trees on private property

During the Cold War, India ______

declared itself as "nonaligned"

The Atlantic Charter ______.

defined the position of the United States and Great Britain relative to World War II and their goals for postwar peace

All of the following items was identified as making cloud computing important except for ______ - smartphones - laptops - desktops - tablets

desktops

Citizens using text messages, Twitter, and Facebook to orchestrate revolutions is an example of technology being used to cross what type of borders?

economic borders

All of the following factors contribute to the instability of failed states except for?

equal economic development

All of the following are forces that divide people and create clashes over identity except ______ - common heritage - ethnic conflict - failed states - religion

failed states

All of the following were identified as the uses of trains during the industrial revolution except for ______. - led to the expansion of railroad networkds - facilitated the movement of goods and services across previously insurmountable distances - fostered the development of trade relationship - helped transport inmates across state lines

helped transport inmates across state line

All of the following are reasons why the Camp David Accords are significant except? - as a result, Israel agreed to return substantial portions of Egyptian land captured in 1967 - it authorized the authorization of the assassination of Anwar Sadat - the US pledged considerable military aid to Gaza to bolster peace in the region - Through them, Egypt became the first Arab state to formally recognize Israel's right to exist

it authorized the authorization of the assassination of Anwar Sadat

All of the following statements regarding the G-20 are true except for ______. - it brings together agricultural economies to discuss trade in agricultural products. - its member countries constitute about 85% of the global economies. - it represents a mix of high-, middle- and low-income countries. - it is an organization of low-income countries advocating for fairer trade policies.

its member countries constitute about 85% of the global economies.

Alexander von Humboldt ______.

made the first systematic observations about the climate as related to geography

International law emerged in the 17th century as ______.

modern states were formed and began to interact with each other

All of the following factors affect the cost of food except for ______. - nutritional quality - financial crisis - increased investor speculation - production limitations

nutritional quality

Cyberterroism _____

occurs when groups or individuals unlawfully attack and manipulate Internet information to further either their personal or group's gains

Narcoterrorism ______.

often refers to political violence in Colombia and is an alliance of drug traffickers and antigovernment revolutionaries

All of the following are examples of the R "reuse" except for ______. - donating home improvement foods to Habitat for Humanity ReStores for resale - salvaging goods from buildings that are torn down and using them to construct new buildings - buying goods that are packing in recycled postconsumer waste - placing plastic bottles and other items in appropriate containers during trash pickups

placing plastic bottles and other items in appropriate containers during trash pickups

All of the following are ways in which humans contribute to the environmental tragedy except for ______. - air pollution - water pollution - pollination - deforestation

pollination

Nongovernmental organizations ______.

provide a means for cooperation among individuals on issues of common concern

Which of the following are the two basic principles that guide trade policies under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade?

reciprocity and nondiscrimination

All of the following are reasons as to why the first Gulf War was important except for _____. - it forced states to reconsider the ways regional balances could be preserved without the counter positioning of opposing superpowers - resulted in a new distribution of power - the decision of the United States to leave Saddam Hussein in power indicated a reluctance to extend commitments beyond those that address direct threats to American interests - U.S. efforts to gain the approval of the UN and countries with a stake in the outcome signaled potential multilateral management of future crises

resulted in a new distribution of power

The Chinese registration system of hukou is based on ______.

rural and urban birthrights

All of the following apply to political science except for ______. - describes the systematic study of political behavior - was bolstered as a separate field of study with the founding of the American Political Science Association in 1903 - solely supports a political philosophy based on the democratic tradition that emphasizes the potential for cooperation among states - was institutionalized at the turn of the 20th century

solely supports a political philosophy based on the democratic tradition that emphasizes the potential for cooperation among states

All of the following are conditions for borrowing from the International Monetary Fund except for ______. - strict regulation of corporations - privatization of state enterprises - government spending reduction - market liberalization

strict regulation of corporations

Some of the innovations of the second industrial revolution underlie the great 20th-century transformations. These include ______.

the affordable automobile, the telegraph, and the telephone

The development of digital technology in the 21st century characterized by the ability to transfer large amounts of information with ease and to access knowledge from virtually any location characterizes ______.

the digital age

Neoliberalism refers to ______

the economic principles that promote free market capitalism and closely reflect the ideals of contemporary globalization

Ethnic cleansing may include all of the following except for ______. - the forceful elimination of a particular ethnic group within a country - the desire to homogenize a country in terms of ethnicity, nationality, or other cultural markers - eliminating the political rights of a particular ethnic minority - the elimination of certain cultural practices by an ethnic group, so that it is more acceptable to other groups

the elimination of certain cultural practices by an ethnic group, so that it is more acceptable to other groups

Homogenization is ______.

the incorporation of a range of cultural forms into a uniform set of values and practices

Jihad vs. McWorld depicts ______.

the integrative and polarizing tendencies of globalization

What is transitional justice?

the many different types of judicial and non-judicial actions used to address human rights abuses

Ethnography is ______.

the observation and description of people in their environment through in-depth analysis and interaction

All of the following are ways in which technology helps us cross social and cultural borders except ______. - through financial remittances - through the spread of music genres - through the creation of new languages - through the preservation of traditional mores and norms

through financial remittances

Constructivism is an international relations ideology that ______.

views the states and the rules that govern it as an artificial construct