First Aid
You are performing abdominal thrusts on a 9-year-old child when he suddenly becomes unresponsive. After you shout for nearby help, what is the most appropriate action to take next? Begin high-quality CPR, starting with chest compressions.
Agonal Gasps: Are not normal breathing. They may be present in the first minutes after sudden cardiac arrest.
Chest recoil allows blood to flow into the heart. Incomplete chest recoil reduces the filling of the heart between compressions and reduces the blood flow created by chest compressions.
Chest compression and chest recoil relaxation times should be about equal.
What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a 7-year-old child when 2 or more rescuers are present? 15 compressions to 2 breaths.
For what age victim is the 2 thumb-encircling hands technique recommended when 2 or more rescuers are present? - An infant younger than 1 year.
In which locations do most out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occur?
Homes
What should you do when using an AED on an infant or a child less than 8 years of age? - Use adult AED pads if the AED does not have child pads.
If a manual defibrillator is not available for an infant victim, which action should you take? - Use an AED equipped with a pediatric dose attenuator.
What action should you take when more rescuers arrive? Assign tasks to other rescuers and rotate compressors every 2 minutes or more frequently if needed to avoid fatique.
If you suspect that an unresponsive victim has head or neck trauma, what is the preferred method for opening the airway? Jaw Thrust.
What is the third link in the adult out of hospital chain of survival?
Rapid Defibrillation
Which is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children?
Respiratory failure or shock
The man doesn't respond when you touch his shoulders and shout, "are you ok?" What is your best next action? Shout for nearby help.
Several rescuers respond, and you ask them to activate the emergency response and retrieve the AED and emergency equipment. As you check for a pulse and breathing, you notice that the man is gasping for air and making "snorting" sounds. you do not feel a pulse. What is your best next action? Start high-quality CPR, beginning with chest compressions.
Which statement best describes sudden cardiac arrest?
When an abnormal rhythm develops and the heart stops beating unexpectedly.
If a victim of cardiac arrest has an implanted pacemaker or defibrillator, what special steps should be taken? Avoid placing the AED pad directly over the implanted device.
What action should you take when the AED is analyzing the heart rhythm? Stand clear of the victim.
What is the ratio of chest compressions to breaths when providing CPR to an adult? 30 compressions to 2 breaths.
What are the rate and depth for chest compressions on an adult? A rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute and depth of at least 2 inches.
how often should rescue breaths be given in infants and children when a pulse is present? 1 breath every 3 to 5 seconds.
Which action can rescuers perform to potentially reduce the risk of gastric inflation? Delivering each breath over 1 second.
Scenario: A 53-year-old man suddenly collapses and becomes unresponsive. You witness him collapse and are the first rescuer to arrive at the scene. You find him lying motionless on the floor.
Which is the first action you should take in this situation? Verify that the scene is safe for you and the victim.
What is the most appropriate first step to take as soon as the AED arrives at the victim's side? Power on the AED
Which step is one of the universal steps for aperating an AED? Placing the pads on the victim's bare chest.
What is important to remember about AED placement on infants? - You may need to place 1 pad on the chest and 1 on the back, according to the diagrams on the pads.
Which victim would need only rescue breathing? No breathing and a pulse.
Your 27-year-old roommate uses opioids. You find him unresponsive with no breathing, but a strong pulse. You suspect an opioid-associated life-threatening emergency. A friend is phoning 9 1 1 and is looking for the naloxone autoinjector. What actions should you take? - Provide rescue breathing: 1 breath every 5 to 6 seconds
You encounter an unresponsive 56-year-old man who has been taking hydrocodone after a surgical procedure. he is not breathing and has no pulse. You notice that his medication bottle is empty. you suspect an opioid-associated life-threatening emergency. A colleague activates the emergency response system and is retrieving the AED and naloxone. What is the most appropriate action for you to take next? - Begin CPR, starting wit chest compressions.
Which is the preferred technique for giving rescue breaths to an infant? Mouth-to-mough-and-nose
What is not an example of an opioid? Naloxone
What is the correct chest compression depth for a child? At least one third the depth of the chest, or about 2 inches.
What is the correct chest compression depth for an infant? At least one third the depth of the chest, or about 1 1/2 inches.
The team leader asks you to perform bag-mask ventilation during a resuscitation attempt, but you have not perfected that skill. What would be an appropriate action to acknowledge your limitations. - Tell the team leader that you are not comfortable performing that task.
What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer of a 3-year-old child? 30 compressions to 2 breaths.
Which is an example of a mild foreign-body airway obstruction? - Wheezing between coughs.
Which victim of a severe airway obstruction should receive abdominal thrusts? - An average-size 27-year-old man.
After performing high-quality CPR for 5 minutes, the team leader frequently interrupts chest compressions to check for a pulse even though the victim has no organized rhythm when the AED analyzes the rhythm. Which action demonstrates constructive interventions? - Suggest to resume chest compressions without delay.
What is the appropriate action to demonstrate closed-loop communication when the team leader assigns you a task? - Repeat back to the team leader the task you were assigned.
