First aid

You are on scene assisting a paramedic with 2-rescuer CPR for an adult patient with an advanced airway in place. The paramedic is preforming continuous compressions, and you should ventilate: you should not ventilate with advanced airways 2 ventilations after every 3o compressions 1 ventilation every 6 seconds 2 breaths every 8-10 seconds

1 ventilation every 6 seconds

What is the compression rate during 2 rescuer CPR for a child or infant? 40-50 compressions per minute 80-100 compressions per minute 100-120 compressions per minute 120-140 compressions per minute

100-120 compressions per minute The compression rate never changes. With 2 rescuers giving CPR to a child of infant your ratio of compressions will change to 15:2 but the compression rate and depth remain the same.

Which of the following is the best compression rate option provided for CPR chest compressions for an adult, child, or infant? 96 compressions per minute 80 compressions per minute 124 compressions per minute 112 compressions per minute

112 compressions per minute

When performing 1 rescuer CPR on an infant, one hand is always placed on the forehead and _________ is/are placed on the center of the chest to perform compressions. 2 or 3 fingers of the other hand the heel of the other hand the thumb of the other hand

2 or 3 fingers of the other hand

You are giving care to an unconscious 8 year old child who is not breathing. You should give 1 breath every _______ seconds. 5 3 4 2

3 compared to 1 breath every 5-6 seconds for an adult

One-rescuer CPR for an infant consists of __________ compressions and __________ ventilations. 15, 1 30, 1 15, 2 30, 2

30, 2

When performing 2 rescuer CPR on an adult, the ratio of compressions to breaths is ________ compressions and __________ breaths. 15:1 30:1 30:2 15:2

30:2

You are preparing to apply AED pads to a patient, and you notice that they have an implanted defibrillator device. How will this alter your care for this patient? Adjust pad placement to avoid covering the device Place one pad in the center of the chest and one on the back SHAVE THEM!!! You no longer need to defibrillate because the device will do it for you

Adjust pad placement to avoid covering the device

Which of the following is an example of PPE (personal protective equipment)?

All of the above Eye protection Disposable gloves CPR breathing barriers

Which of the following signs/symptoms would suggest that 911 should be called? -Normal breathing -an alert patient with a strong pulse -Altered level of consciousness -bruising of the ankle

Altered level of consciousness

Which of the following is true for the depth of compressions when giving CPR? At least 2 1/2 inches for an adult About 2 1/2 inches for a child About 1 1/2 inches for an infant About 2 inches for an adult About 2 inches for a child About 1 1/2 inches for an infant At least 2 inches for an adult About 2 inches for a child About 1 1/2 inches for an infant At least 2 inches for an adult, child, and infant

At least 2 inches for an adult About 2 inches for a child About 1 1/2 inches for an infant

You are giving care to a victim who is conscious and choking. They lose consciousness so you lower them to the ground face up on a firm flat surface. What do you do NEXT? Begin chest compressions for CPR w/obstructed airway, check the mouth and clear objects, give 2 ventilations assess Airway, Breathing, Circulation perform 5 chest thrusts Start Ventilations 1 breath every 6 seconds.

Begin chest compressions for CPR w/obstructed airway, check the mouth and clear objects, give 2 ventilations If at anytime in any skill a ventilation does not make the chest clearly rise you should re-position the airway and try again. If the breath STILL DOES NOT GO IN that is your cue to begin caring for a blocked airway STARTING WITH COMPRESSIONS.

During your Scene size-up you find severe life-threatening bleeding. What should you do next?

Control Bleeding with any available resource

What is the correct order for the steps in the Cardiac Chain of Survival? 1 Early recognition of an emergency 2 Early CPR 3 Early Defibrillation 4 Early advanced medical care 5 Early post cardiac emergency care Early CPR Early Defibrillation Early recognition of an emergency Early post cardiac emergency care Early advanced medical care Early advanced medical care Early CPR Early post cardiac emergency care Early Defibrillation Early recognition of an emergency Early post cardiac emergency care Early Defibrillation Early CPR Early recognition of an emergency Early advanced medical care

Early recognition of an emergency Early CPR Early Defibrillation Early advanced medical care Early post cardiac emergency care

You arrive to a scene where another trained rescuer is performing CPR on an unconscious patient. What should you do first? take over and start care for unconscious choking Ensure that more advanced medical care has been summoned (911) roll the victim on their side and discuss the primary assessment call for a position change

Ensure that more advanced medical care has been summoned (911) Make sure to ask if 911 has been called and if an AED is on the way. If not make sure it is done. Then you can assist the rescuer and begin 2-rescuer CPR care.

(t/f) It is not necessary to call 911 for an open fracture where a bone is protruding from the skin.

FALSE The risk of infection, sever blood loss, risk of shock progression, and permanent disability associated with these types of injuries merit a 911 call.

(T/F) PPE stands for "professional protective equipment".

False personal protective equipment

You should always remove piercings from a victim's chest before applying AED pads as they might interfere with conduction. True False

False Apply pads avoiding the piercings as much as possible. Removing piercings might result in bleeding, and takes time you do not have to waste. If there is no way to work around the pads place them front and back as if the pads touch.

BSI stands for body Substance Identification. True False

False Body Substance Isolation

CPR is only effective if it is performed on a soft flat surface. True False

False CPR must be performed on a firm flat surface to ensure compressions are effective.

The most likely cause of cardiac arrest in adults is uncorrected respiratory arrest. True False

False The most common cause of cardiac arrest in children is uncorrected respiratory arrest. Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in adults.

As you approach a scene you smell something burning and see a strange cloud of vapor. You should call 911 and enter the scene to find the source of the smell. True False

False If you suspect hazards you should call 911 and survey the scene from a safe distance.

If you hear cracking or popping sounds during CPR your compressions are too deep. You should stop and reassess the victim. True False

False You are likely to hear these sounds. Breaking ribs is sometimes a result of correct compression depth.

If a patient refuses care after you have asked for consent you are legally prohibited from calling 911. True False

False No way. If the person needs help you should back up, call 911, and monitor the situation. If they lose consciousness you now have implied consent.

The rate of chest compressions for an adult and child is 100-120 compressions per minute, but for infants the rate increases to 140 compressions per minute. True False

False the rate of chest compressions for ALL victims is 100-120 compressions per minute. "stayin' alive, stayin' alive, Ah ha ha ha, stayin' alive...."

You just pulled an unresponsive adult out of the water and your primary assessment revealed that they have no pulse and no breathing. What should you do next?

Give 2 breaths and start CPR

Your initial impression of a patient is based on:

How the patient appears to YOU as you size up the scene

You always evaluate LOC ABC's during a primary assessment, but which should you evaluate first?

LOC

What is always the FIRST step when providing care for any emergency?

Scene size-up

(T/F) If an unconscious victim is breathing and has a pulse you should leave them face-up if you suspect a possible spinal injury, but place them on their side in a recovery position if no spinal issue is suspected.

True

During conscious choking for an infant the head should be positioned below the chest to allow gravity to help dislodge the object. True False

True

One of the most common factors that prevents people from acting when they see an emergency is a fear of doing something wrong. True False

True

You are giving care to a conscious choking adult. During your 5th abdominal thrust they lose consciousness. After you lower them carefully and place them face up on a firm flat surface, you should immediately begin chest compressions as you perform CPR for an obstructed airway. True False

True

It is ideal to have two rescuers to operate a bag-valve-mask (BVM), but it is acceptable to use it alone if another rescuer is not available. True False

True 2 rescuers reduce the risk of over or hyper ventilation, but BVM's may be used by a single rescuer at the BLS level

he normal conduction of electrical impulses through the heart is known as: ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) a myocardial infarction (MI) a normal sinus rhythm (NSR) defibrillation

a normal sinus rhythm (NSR)

The middle of the abdomen, just above the navel is the correct hand position for: abdominal thrusts during adult/child conscious choking. a detailed physical exam. abdominal thrusts during adult/child unconscious choking. adult CPR

abdominal thrusts during adult/child conscious choking.

When performing CPR you should ____________ to ensure that your compressions will be effective. compress at a rate of 60 compressions per minute compress as high as possible on the chest allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions perform CPR on a soft flat surface

allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions

Which move type would be appropriate for a victim with a suspected spinal injury? pack strap carry walking assist clothes drag fireman's carry

clothes drag

Which of the following describes the universal sign for choking (except in Sweden)? swearing clutching the throat with one or both hands coughing calmly saying I'm choking, please help me

clutching the throat with one or both hands

You must obtain ____________ from a conscious adult before giving care. clarification consent competence certification

consent

Which of the following is most appropriate to ensure high-quality CPR compressions? Check for breathing and a pulse every 2 minutes minimize interruptions of chest compressions to less than 10 seconds Provide continuous chest compressions for the first 4 minutes Ventilate 1 breath after every 15 compressions

minimize interruptions of chest compressions to less than 10 seconds

Which of the following signs/symptoms indicates that you must perform CPR on the victim?

no pulse

You are providing care to a conscious adult female who hurt her leg when she fell off of a chair while replacing a lightbulb. After you size-up the scene and put on your gloves (BSI) what should you do next?

obtain consent by stating your name, your level of training, and asking if you can help them

After you attach the AED pads to the victim, and plug them in if necessary, you should: wipe the chest dry tell everyone to "STAND CLEAR" shave the chest if necessary turn the AED on

tell everyone to "STAND CLEAR"

2 rescuer CPR for infants changes the compression : ventilation cycle to 15 compressions and 2 ventilations. Because the second rescuer can stabilize the airway, you should preform compressions using: 2 hands with fingers laced and up the Encirciling thumbs technique 2 thumbs just above the navel 2 fingers

the Encirciling thumbs technique The Encircling thumbs technique is the best way to care for an infant in cardiac arrest with 2 rescuers on scene. The rescuer giving compressions should place thumbs just below the nipple line and avoid squeezing the sides of the baby.

Why do you need to make sure that a victim in cardiac arrest is on a firm flat surface? to make it easier to look in their mouth to help maintain the airway to give you time to calm down to ensure that compressions will be effective

to ensure that compressions will be effective

Which of the following IS NOT a reason to move a victim? Immediate danger to you or the victim to make an injured limb fit a specific splint to gain access to other injured victims To provide proper care (such as CPR)

to make an injured limb fit a specific splint

If you notice a medication patch on a victim's chest you should use a gloved hand to remove it before placing the AED pads. True False

true

If someone vomits during care you should immediately:

turn them as a unit onto their side