FIRST AID CH 5

Before checking a responsive person, what 2 things should you say to them?

Introduce yourself and ask for consent.

How do you check a victim who appears to be unresponsive?

1. Checking for responsiveness and breathing: Shout out to get their attention, if no response tap their shoulder (if person is an adult) or the bottom of their foot (if person is an infant) and shout again while checking for breathing. Do this for no more than 5 to 10 seconds. a. Isolated or infrequent gasping is not normal breathing 2. If person responds, is breathing normally but is not awake: a. Send someone to call 9-1-1, get an AED and a first aid kit b. Interview bystanders using SAMPLE and do a head-to-toe check to get more information c. Place the person in a recovery position by rolling them onto their side 3. If person doesn't respond and isn't breathing or is only gasping: a. Send someone to call 9-1-1 and get an AED and first aid kit b. If they're face down, carefully roll them onto their back and if needed, move them to a flat, firm surface. c. Quickly begin CPR (starting with compressions) and use an AED ASAP.

How long should you check for breathing when a person appears to be unresponsive?

No more than 5 to 10 seconds

List the 5 unique things to consider when the injured or ill person is a child.

1. be aware that children take emotional cues from adults 2. take their developmental stage into consideration 3. explain to them the care you will give and let them know if it will hurt so they can expect it and aren't surprised 4.if the child's parent/guardian is present, remember to get their consent 5.the child's parent/guardian can be a valuable source of information if the child is not able to speak for themself. if the child is old enough to understand and answer your questions, ask them directly in age-appropriate language

After completing the Interview and Checking the Person from head to toe, list the 5 things that you should do -

1. call 9-1-1 if necessary 2. help them rest in a comfortable position 3. reassure them by telling them you will help and that EMS is on their way (if appropriate) 4.give care according to the conditions that you find and your level of knowledge and training 5. be alert to signs that person's condition is worsening like changes in level of consciousness, changes in breathing, changes in skin color or restlessness

List the 6 unique things to consider when the injured or ill person is an older adult.

1. when interviewing them, avoid rushing so they can understand and process your questions 2. speak loud enough for them to hear you but don't shout 3. if necessary, make sure they have their hearing aids on an open as well as their glasses 4.pay attention to how the person introduces themself. if they give a last name, consider addressing them more formally as a sign of respect 5.a family member/caregiver who knows them well may be a valuable source of information. however if the old adult understands your questions, then ask them directly 6.be aware that in older people, the signs and symptoms of a medical emergency may be very general and nonspecific and may not even be noticeable to someone who doesn't know the person well

Gather additional information about the nature of the person's injury or illness by doing what 2 things?

By interviewing them and giving them a head-to-toe check.

You are conducting the head-to-toe check on a responsive person who is complaining of a leg injury. What should you do first?

Get consent to give care before beginning the head to toe exam

Where is a good location in which to place an Infant to check for signals of illness or injury?

In a parent or guardian's lap or arms

When checking a child for non-life-threatening emergencies, which action would be most appropriate?

Observe the child closely before touching them, starting the exam at the child's toes

After checking an adult for responsiveness, you find that they are responsive, but not fully awake. Which of the following would you do if you had to leave them to call 911 or the designated emergency number?

Place them in a side-lying recovery position

Describe the three characteristics of normal breathing -

Regular, quiet, and effortless

Use the SAMPLE mnemonic to remember what to ask a responsive person. List and EXPLAIN what each letter of SAMPLE stands for -

S- Signs and Symptoms: look for anything you can see or if they tell you anything about how they feel A-, Allergies: if they're allergic to any food, medications, or things found in the environment M- Medications: if they're currently taking any medication, if so, what is it and when was the last time that they took it P- Pertinent medical history: see if they have any medical conditions L- Last food or drink: when was the last time they ate or drink, what they ate/drank, and the amount E- Events leading up to the accident: ask them what was happening or what they were doing prior to the incident

If a victim is breathing normally, what does that tell us about whether or not their heart is beating?

That their heart is beating and is circulating blood with oxygen.

The Check step in Check—Call—Care is a check for safety and a check for—

Unresponsiveness (or unconsciousness) and breathing

Is unconsciousness ALWAYS a life-threatening emergency, for which you should call 911? Answer yes or no and then explain why -

Yes, because if it occurs for a while it may affect their breathing or slow down their pulse

In an unconscious adult, you may detect an irregular, gasping or shallow breath known as ____________ __________________.

agonal breathing

If you detect agonal breathing, is the victim breathing normally?

no

What are the two situations that require us to place the victim in a Recovery Position?

· If you need to step away to call 9-1-1 · If they start throwing up or spitting up blood, etc , so they don't choke on it