fluid electrolytes questions

Serum sodium level of 124 mEq/L

A client is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse should anticipate which laboratory test result?

- cerebral edema

A client is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antiduretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse informs the clients that the physician will order diuretic therapy and restrict fluid and sodium intake to treat the disorder. If the client doesn't comply with the recommended treatment, which complication may arise?

Peaked T waves.

A client with chronic renal failure has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. The nurse applies continuous cardiac monitoring and expects to see:

Portable chest x-ray

A client has just undergone insertion of a peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) at the bedside. The nurse would be sure to check the results of which of the following before initiating the flow rate of the client's IV solution at 100ml/hr?

lactate ringers (LR)

A client involved in a motor vehicle crash (MVC) presents to the emergency department with severe internal bleeding. The client is severely hypotensive and unresponsive. The nurse anticipates that which IV will most likely be prescribed to increase intravascular volume,, replace immediate blood loss volume, and increase blood pressure?

- a client with a colostomy

A nurse is assigned to care for a group of clients. On review of the clients' medical records, the nurse determines that which client is at risk for a fluid volume deficit?

An IV is started on the same side as a fistula that is used exclusively for dialysis

A nurse is caring for several patients, all of whom require IV medications. Which of the following situations requires an incident report to be filled out

the skin

A nurse is reading a physician's progress notes in the client's record and reads that the physician has documented "insensible loss of approximately 800ml daily". The nurse interprets that this type of fluid loss can occur through:

tall peaked T waves

A nurse is reviews the electrolytes of an assigned client and notes that the potassium level is 5.45mEq/L. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note on the electrocardiogram as a result of the laboratory value?

Calcium 7.8 mg/dL

A patient complains of tingling in his fingers. He is positive for Trousseau's sign. Choose the most likely Lab value for this patient.

Hyperkalemia

A physician orders regular insulin 10 units I.V. along with 50 ml of dextrose 50% for a client with acute renal failure. What electrolyte imbalance is this client most likely experiencing?

. Magnesium 0.9 mg/dL.

As you are looking through the patient's chart, you notice that he has a history of heavy alcohol use (ETOH) use and depression. The electrolyte imbalance you anticipate finding includes:

A. Daily weights. B. Taking vital signs. D. Checking capillary refill. F. Closely monitor intake and output

Nursing Actions related to Fluid Volume status are: (Choose all that apply.)

Sodium restriction and Normal Saline 0.45% at 80 ml/hr.

Serum sodium is noted to be 162 mEq/dL. you note the patient has weak thready pulses, dry mucous membranes, and poor tissue turgor. You as the student nurse anticipate:

decrease in glomerular filtration

The baroreceptors, located in the left atrium, and the carotid and aortic arches respond to changes in the circulating blood volume and regulate sympathetic and parasympathetic neural activity as well as endocrine activities. Sympathetic stimulation constricts renal arterioles, causing what?

Risk for injury: Confusion and seizures.

The most important nursing diagnosis specific to hyponatremia is:

Obtain a new I.V tubing

The nurse is preparing a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion at the medication cart. As the nurse goes to attach the distal end of the IV tubing to a needless device, the exposed tubing drops and hits the top of the medication cart. Which of the following is the appropriate action by the nurse?

hyponatremia

The patient you are caring for has been having watery diarrhea x3 days. The patient has been receiving sodium chloride 0.9% at 200ml/hr since arrival to your floor. The patient is tachypnic and tachycardic, has weak peripheral pulses, and is exhibiting a diminished cognitive ability.

A. Local swelling at the site. B. C. A drop in temperature around the site. D. E. A damp dressing.

When assessing the IV site for infiltration, the nurse should look for which of the following findings? (Select all that apply.)

Alcohol abuse.

Which finding in a client's history would alert the nurse to assess for signs of hypophosphatemia?

Phenytoin (Dilantin).

Which medication reported by a client during a nursing history could be associated with the development of hypocalcemia?

administer Kayexalate po BID

Which of the following would be appropriate nursing interventions for a client with a potassium level of 5.5mEq/L? -

respiratory depression

You are caring for a patient admitted with a diagnosis of kidney disease. When you review your patient's laboratory reports, you note that the patient's magnesium is 6.4 mg/dL. What would be important for you to assess?

- diminished deep tendon reflexes

You are caring for a patient admitted with a diagnosis of renal failure. When you review your patient's laboratory reports, you note that the patient's magnesium levels are high. What would be important for you to assess?

dehydration

You are caring for a patient and the physician has just ordered a urine dip for specific gravity (SG). You find her SG is 1.038. This indicates

hypercalcemia

You are caring for a patient on the oncology floor with a diagnosis of metastatic brain cancer. During your assessment, you note the patient complains of abdominal pain and constipation. What electrolyte imbalance would you anticipate?

hypocalcemia

You are caring for a patient that has been admitted with a possible clotting disorder. The client is complaining of bruising. You know that ecchymosis may be a sign of what electrolyte imbalance?

Tetany

You are caring for a patient who is renal failure. Morning Lab results indicate that the patient's phosphorus level is 7.2 mg/dL. Symptoms you would monitor your patient for include:

Sevelamer (Renagel)

You are caring for a patient with chronic renal failure with a phosphorus level of 6.8. You notice the patient is experiencing muscle twitching and has hyperreflexia. You anticipate the physician orders will include

cancer

You are caring for a patient with hypercalcemia. You as the student that one of the most common causes of hypercalcemia is:

(Use military time.) Selected Answer: 2000

You are caring for a patient with hyperchloremia. The physician has ordered LR at 100 ml/hour. If you hang LR 1L at 1000, what time will it be when you need to hang the next bottle?

inelastic skin turgor is a normal part of aging

You are doing an admission assessment on an elderly patient newly admitted for end-stage liver disease. You must assess the patient's skin turgor. What should you remember when evaluation skin turgor?

Extravasation of the medication

You are the nurse caring for a patient who is to review IV daunorubicin. You start the infusion and check the insertion site as per protocol. This time when you look at the IV site, you note that the IV has infiltrated. You stop the infusion. What is your main concern with this infiltration?

Start I.V fluids and blood products

You notify the physician that your client is third-spacing fluid and is "orthostatic". What treatment orders would you expect the physician to provide you with?