Food and Nutritional health UWGB

Which of the following foods is the most energy dese per four ounce serving? 1. Raw berries 2. Frosted Doughnut 3. Fat free Milk D. Orange Soda

2. Frosted Doughnut

Which of the following is not a contributor to the obesity epidemic? 1. Portion sizes 2. Education and income 3. Food availability 4. Changes in the average height of certain population

Changes in the average height of certain population

Which of the following practices is known to increase a person's risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)? 1. Taking a dietary supplement that contains vitamin K 2. Avoiding exposed to tobacco smoke 3. Consuming high amounts of saturated fat 4. Replacing polyunsaturated fats with monounsaturated fats

Consuming high amounts of saturated fat

Which of the following statements is true? 1. Foods that contain cholesterol should be avoided because the substance is toxic to human cells. 2. High HDL cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. 3. A high and saturated fat diet helps reduce high blood cholesterol levels. 4. LDL transports cholesterol to tissues

LDL transports cholesterol to tissues

Which of the following substances can interfere with the recycling of bile salts in the intestinal tract? 1. Vitamin C 2. Soluble Fiber 3. Mineral Water 4. Fatty Acids

Soluble fiber

If your diet supplies more glucose than you need, the excess can be? 1. Converted to proteins that are metabolized for energy 2. metabolized to form ketone bodies and excreted by the kidneys 3. Unabsorbed by the digestive tract and eliminated in bowel movements 4. Stored as fat

Stored as fat

Which organs are at risk of damage by habitual excessive proteins consumption? 1. The stomach and small intestine 2. the small intestine and large intestine 3. The gallbladder and pancreas 4. the liver and kidneys

The liver and Kidneys

Ammonia forms when 1. Urine back up from the kidneys enters the liver 2. The nitrogen -containing group is removed from an amino acids 3. Pepsin accumulates in the large intestine and destroy the "friendly" Bacteria that reside there 4. The liver is unable to make alanine from keratin

The nitrogen -containing group is removed from an amino acids

Food manufacturers aren't permitted to use partially hydrogenated oils in foods. Why are these substances banned? 1. They become rancid too quickly 2. They are harmful to health 3. They increase the cost of foods 4. They prevent water-soluble foods from being absorbed by the human GI tract.

They are harmful to health

What are tiny, finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food? 1. Villi 2. Mucus glands 3. Receptors 4. Lymph nodes

Villi

_____ fat is located deep within the abdominal region and protects digestive organs? 1. Visceral 2. Cellulite 3. Bariatric 4. Subcutaneous

Visceral

If someone has celiac disease, which ingredient in a birthday cake recipe would need to be swapped with a different ingredient to make it safe for them to eat 1. Milk 2. Wheat Flour 3. Butter 4. Honey

Wheat Flour

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of saturated fat and cholesterol? 1. Coconut oil 2. Peanut butter 3. Whole Milk 4. Sunflower seeds

Whole milk

The cause of Obesity is? 1. Genetic 2. Environmental 3. There is not just one cause 4. Biological

There is not just one cause

When preparing food, Maryia wants to use a product that's a rich source of unsaturated fat. Based on this information, which of the following fats or oils should she select? 1. Unsalted butter 2. Cream cheese 3. Canola oil 4. Coconut oil

3. Canola oil

Which of the following statements is true? 1. Your intestinal cells covert bile into cholesterol 2. All forms of cholesterol are considered unhealthy, because they increase the risk of diabetes. 3. Unsaturated fats transport most cholesterol in blood to the liver for disposal. 4. Cigarette smoking increases the production of oxidized LDL cholesterol

4. Cigarette smoking increases the production of oxidized LDL cholesterol

Mickey wants to increase her intake of potassium without taking a supplements. When she shops for food, she reads Nutrition Fact labels. Which of the following kids of information will help her choose foods that are good sources of potassium? 1. Structure/Function claims 2. %DVs 3. Country of origin information 4. Organic food logo

%DV s

According to AMDR guidelines, protein should comprise _____ % of total Kcal per day 1. 10-35 2. 20-45 3. 30-55 4. 40-65

10-35

Which of the following statements is true? 1. Saturated fat has a triple bond between two carbons in the hydrocarbon chain. 2. A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between carbons and the hydrocarbon chain. 3. A saturated fatty acid has one double bond between carbons and the hydrocarbon chain. 4. A triglyceride has three fatty acids attached to the cholesterol "backbone" Molecule

A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between carbons and the hydrocarbon chain.

Justin's blood cholesterol level is too high. He'd like to add foods to his diet that can help reduce his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, which of the following foods should he add? 1. Liver 2. Butter 3. Beans 4. Eggs

Beans

Which of the following is an estimate of excess body fat based on the relationship between weight and height. 1. Body mass Index 2. Waist/Hip ratio 3. Maximal Skinfold Thickness 4. Basal metabolic rate.

Body mass Index

Basal metabolism includes energy needs for _________ 1. Breathing 2. Performing physical activity 3. Digesting food 4. Fidgeting while studying

Breathing

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient-dense per serving? 1. Cheese pizza 2. Chocolate 3. Broccoli 4. Soft margarine

Broccoli

Which of the following nutrients is a macronutrient? 1. Vitamin D 2. Carbohydrate 3. Iron 4. Water

Carbohydrate

The instructions for putting amino acids together in a specific order to make a specific protein is found in our? 1. Mitochondria 2. Ribosomes 3. DNA 4. Protoplasm

DNA

For a protein to be digested, it must be 1. Broken down by lipase 2. Broken down by the microbiome 3. Denatured by heat or Acid 4. Broken down by maltase

Denatured by heat or acid

Pancreatic amylase 1. Digests starch in the small intestine 2. Is secreted by the gallbladder 3. Contributes to type 1 diabetes 4. Converts glucose to energy in cells

Digests starch in the small intestine

The amino acid that can not be made in the body are considered? 1. High-Quality protein 2. Low-quality protein 3. Essential 4. Nonessential

Essentail

Beans and whole grains are a source of?

Fiber

Compared to other people, a person that has a thrifty metabolism. 1. Gains weight easily 2. loses excess food energy in the form of body heat 3. Burnes three times more fat 4. Metabolizes more glucose than fatty acids for energy

Gains weight easily

Three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans are what? 1. Glucose, Galactose, and Sucrose 2. Fructose, Lactose, and Levulose 3. Galactose, Glucose, and fructose 4. Maltose, Lactose, and galactose

Galactose, Glucose, and Fructose

Promotes the breakdown of Glycogen

Glucagon

A primary fuel for muscles and other cells is What? Glucose Fructose glycogen Starch

Glucose

Glycogen is composed of hundreds of ___________ Molecules. 1. Fructose 2. Galactose 3. Glucose 4. Sucrose

Glucose

In the intestinal tract, the starch in French Fries is broken down into What molecules 1. Sucrose 2. Glucose 3. Lactose 4. Fructose

Glucose

Rice and potatoes contain starch, which is made up of what molecules? 1. Fructose 2. Glucose 3. Mannose 4. Lactose

Glucose

The liver breaks down glycogen to release ____ molecules? 1. Glucose 2. Cellulose 3. ATP 4. Hemicellulose

Glucose

Which of the following is not considered one of the 9 most common food allergens? 1. Gluten 2. Eggs 3. Soy 4. Wheat

Gluten

The form of carbohydrate that is stored in the body is? 1. Glycogen 2. Cellulose 3. Xylitol 4. Lignin

Glycogen

Which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissues? 1. LDL 2. HDL 3. Insoluble Fiber 4. Trans Fat

HDL

Which of the following foods is a rich source of starch? 1. Hamburger Bun 2. Whipped cream 3. Orange juice 4. Smoked ham

Hamburger Bun

Joseph has a disease that weakened his esophagus. As a result of this condition, Joseph probably has what? 1. Has difficulty eliminating feces during bowel movements 2. Digests food too quickly 3. Has difficulty swallowing foods 4. Must eat raw foods

Has difficulty swallowing foods

Which of the following statements in true? 1. In the body, certain lipids provide insulation against cold temperatures 2. In the human intestinal tract certain lipids are needed to absorb dietary fiber. 3. In the liver certain lipids helps stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals 4. In the Kidneys certain lipids assist in the elimination of urine

In the body, certain lipids provide insulation against cold temperatures

In the US, What is a likely reason someone might fail to build muscles mass when trying? 1. Inadequate protein consumption 2. Inadequate Kcal consumption 3. inadequate proteins supplementation 4. Inadequate lipid consumption

Inadequate Kcal consumption

When combined, which of the following groups of foods forms a complementary protein dish? 1. Cranberries, apples, and marshmallows 2. Kidney bearns, rice, and sesame seeds 3. Peaches, green beans, and apricots 4. Iceberg lettuce, carrots, and walnuts

Kidney bearns, rice, and sesame seeds

Which of the following carbohydrates in in plain milk? 1. Sucrose 2. Lactose 3. Glycogen 4. Starch

Lactose

Cells in the ______ make insulin Liver Pancreases Kidneys Gallbladder

Pancreas

The _____________ secretes enzymes such as lipase and amylase into the small intestine 1. Liver 2. Gallbladder 3. Pancreas 4. Epiglottis

Pancreas

Which of the following foods is both energy and nutrient dense? 1. Blueberries 2. French Fries 3. Peanut butter 4. Sweet potatoes

Peanut Butter

What is true about people with diabetes?

People who have the disorder need to obtain insulin because their beta cells don't produce the hormones

When excess amino acids are broken down, the amino group is? 1. removed from the carbon skeleton and becomes ammonia 2. Stored as fat 3. Used to create energy 3. Converted to glucose

Removed from the carbon skeleton and becomes ammonia

Which of the following foods in a naturally rich source of omega-3- fatty acids? 1. Salmon 2. Milk 3. Pork 4. Broccoli

Salmon

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of high-quality's proteins? 1. Salmon 2. Margarine 3. Lettuce 4. Grapes

Salmon

A scientist has found a lipid compound in food that has 22 carbons bonded together forming a chain. All of the carbon atoms in the chain are connected to each other by single bonds. Based on this information, that compound is a ________________ fatty acid 1. Polyunsaturated 2. Monounsaturated 3. Saturated 4. Essential

Saturated

Solid fats generally have a high proportion of ____ fatty acids. 1. Unsaturated 2. Saturated 3. Polyunsaturated 4. Monounsaturated

Saturated

Bile helps with fat digestion by emulsifying fat in the 1. Stomach 2. Small intestine 3. Liver 4. Pyloric sphincter

Small intestine

Which of the following substances is a disaccharide comprised of one glucose and one fructose molecule? 1. Sucrose 2. Hexose 3. Maltose 4. Lactose

Sucrose

Which of the following statements is true? 1. Sucrose supplies the same amount of energy, gram per gram, as starch 2. Sucrose causes hyperactivity in children 3. Sucrose is a simple carbohydrate compromised of glucose and mannose units 4. Sucrose is a direct source of energy for cells?

Sucrose supplies the same amount of energy, gram per gram, as starch

Five-year-old Kenya consumes a lot of sugary snacks. Based on this information, Kenya has a high risk of what? 1. Tooth Decay 2. Type 1 diabetes 3. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 4. Metabolic syndrome

Tooth Decay

Which of the following foods is a rich source of insoluble fiber? 1. Whole - Wheat Bread 2. Ground round (beef) 3. Coconut Oil 4. Uncooked spaghetti

Whole - wheat bread

Obesity

having an excess amount of body fat

Insulin

helps glucose enter cells

The Glycemic index is a measure of 1. Energy density of a food 2. the healthfulness of a food 3. how quickly a good will raise one's blood glucose 4. the amount of glycogen stored in the liver

how quickly a good will raise one's blood glucose

Does most lipid digestion occur in the? 1. Small intestine 2. Stomach 3. Large intestine 4. Pancreas

small intestine

Healthy adults are usually in? 1. Nitrogen balance 2. Negative Nitrogen balance 3. Positive nitrogen balance 4. None of the above

1. Nitrogen balance

To avoid developing a serious nutritional deficiency, a vegan would need to take a supplement of which nutrient? 1. Vitamin B-12 2. Fiber 3. Magnesium 4. Folate

1. Vitamin B-12

A strategy utilized to prevent food allegories is? 1. Complete avoidance of the allergen for those at risk of allergy 2. Early introduction of common food allergens to infants at high risk of high risk of food allergy 3. to completely eliminate risky food groups from the diet 4. to repeatedly expose someone to an allergen if they have had a reaction to ti.

2. Early introduction of common food allergens to infants at high risk of high risk of food allergy

All of the following nutrients in a food will lower the glycemic index of that food EXCEPT: 1. Fiber 2. Fat 3. Protein 4. Added Sugar

Added Sugar

Which of the following is not a requirement to build muscle tissue? 1. Adequate resistance exercise 2. Adequate Kcal consumption 3. Adequate lipid consumption 4. Adequate carbohydrate consumption

Adequate lipid consumption

The three components of an amino acid are ________? 1. Hydrogen, Potassium, and nitrogen atoms 2. Amino group, acid group and R-group 3. Omega end, acid group, and anchor hydrogen atom 4. Acid group, R-Group, and Glucose Atom

Amino group, acid group and R-group

____ are a major end product of fat digestion 1. Monoglycerides 2. Oxidized lipoproteins 3. Micelles 4. Bile salts

Monoglycerides

The basic chemical unit of carbohydrates is an? 1. Monosaccharide 2. Disaccharide 3. Polysaccharide 4. Oligosaccharide

Monosaccharide

Starch digestion begins in the? 1. Duodenum 2. Mouth 3. Lower Esophagus sphincter 4. colon

Mouth