Forensics Final Study Guide

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Which of the following statements is​ false? A.The proton has a charge of​ +1 B.Protons and neutron comprise the nucleus of an atom C.The neutron has no electrical charge D.The electron and proton have the same mass

D.The electron and proton have the same mass

Which of the following statements is​ false? A.Alcohol is broken down in the liver by oxidation B.Alcohol can be considered a brain depressant C.Alcohol is distributed nearly evenly throughout water portions of the body by blood D.The mass spectrometer measures the absorption of light by alcohol

D.The mass spectrometer measures the absorption of light by alcohol

Buccal cells are obtained​ from: A.Semen B.Urine C.Blood D.The mouth and inside of the cheek

D.The mouth and inside of the cheek

The production of amino acid is coded by a sequence of how many bases on the DNA​ molecule? A.Five B.Four C.Two D.Three

D.Three

A conventional STR profile emanating from a mixture of DNA from male donors yields four peaks or bands for each locus present. How many peaks or bands would you normally expect for each locus if a​ Y-STR profile is performed on the same​ sample? A.One B.Four C.Three D.Two

D.Two

When comparing sample writing to a suspect​ document, the age difference between the documents should be no more​ than: A.Twelve to eighteen months B.Six to twelve months C.Five to seven years D.Two to three years

D.Two to three years

Which of the following statements is true of the laboratory procedures used to detect and identify explosive​ residues? A.When sufficient quantities of explosives are​ recoverable, confirmatory tests may be performed by ultraviolet spectrophotometry B.When the​ bomb-scene debris and other materials arrive at the​ laboratory, everything is first thoroughly rinsed with acetone C.When objects collected at the site of explosion are​ screened, the presence of explosive residues in the field or the laboratory is assessed using a microspectrophotometer D.When a​ water-gel explosive containing ammonium nitrate or a low explosive is​ suspected, the debris should be rinsed with water

D.When a​ water-gel explosive containing ammonium nitrate or a low explosive is​ suspected, the debris should be rinsed with water

Which type of radiation is NOT given off by radioactive​ decay? A.Beta particles B.Gamma rays C.Alpha particles D.X- rays

D.X- rays

he elimination or​ "burn off" rate of alcohol averages​ ________ percent​ w/v per hour. A.0.015 B.0.10 C.0.15 D.None of the above

A.0.015

A low explosive has a velocity of detonation less​ than: A.1000 meters per second B.500 meters per second C.150 meters per second D.1500 meters per second

A.1000 meters per second

What approximate percentage of the population is type​ B? A.15 percent B.38 percent C.80 percent D.41 percent

A.15 percent

The concentration of alcohol in an exhaled breath is in direct proportion to that of the blood of the same individual. The ratio of this relationship is closest​ to: A.​1:2,000 B.1:100 C.1:1,000 D.1:10

A.1:2,000

What is the percentage of evidence evaluated in the crime lab that is​ drug-related? A.75% B.60% C.35% D.25%

A.75%

To determine whether a bloodstain is of human or animal​ origin, the serologist will​ perform: A.A precipitin test B.RIA C.The luminol test D.An analysis with Hemastix strips

A.A precipitin test

One parent is type​ AB; the other parent is type O. A possible genotype for an offspring​ is: A.AO B.AB C.OO D.None of the above

A.AO

The clumping together of red blood cells by the action of an antibody is known​ as: A.Agglutination B.Serology C.Clotting D.Radioimmunology

A.Agglutination

Which is available in commercial form as​ fertilizer? A.Ammonium nitrate B.Potassium chlorate C.Diazodinitrophenol D.Triacetone triperoxide

A.Ammonium nitrate

Materials that have electrons firmly attached to their​ molecules: A.Are poor conductors of heat B.Are excellent conductors of heat C.Transfer heat by radiation D.Transfer heat by convection

A.Are poor conductors of heat

A substance with a pH of 8 is likely to​ be: A.Basic B.Water C.Neutral D.Acidic

A.Basic

For the purpose of extracting the drug out of body​ tissues, an amphetamine is classified as​ an: A.Basic drug B.Neutral drug C.Acid drug D.All of the above

A.Basic drug

PCR is a technique​ that: A.Can produce many exact copies of segments of DNA B.Produces information regarding the sequence of nitrogenous bases C.Virtually eliminates operator error from DNA analysis D.Provides a statistical analysis of the​ nitrogenous-base pairings

A.Can produce many exact copies of segments of DNA

When a suspect computer printer is not​ available, the examiner may need to analyze the​ document's ________ to identify the make and model of the machine. A.Class characteristics B.Individual characteristics C.Handwriting D.TTI

A.Class characteristics

Movement of heat through a solid object is caused​ by: A.Conduction B.Convection C.Radiation D.Both A and C

A.Conduction

A low dose of alcohol will NOT​ inhibit: A.Confidence B.Concentration C.Judgment D.Memory

A.Confidence

The PCR technique requires the use of a thermal cycler​ to: A.Copy DNA B.Hydrolyze polymerase C.Make probes radioactive D.Synthesize protein

A.Copy DNA

The most difficult drug addiction to overcome is that​ of: A.Crack cocaine B.Alcohol C.Heroin D.Nicotine

A.Crack cocaine

Examples of polymers that contain repeating units known as nucleotides​ are: A.DNA B.Starch C.Cellulose D.Hemoglobin

A.DNA

There is​ a(n) ________ relationship between the amount of alcohol in the blood and that in the alveolar breath. A.Direct B.Undetermined C.Variable D.Indirect

A.Direct

Which is an example of an impact​ printer? A.Dot-matrix B.Laser C.Ink-jet D.All of the above

A.Dot-matrix

Heat energy can ignite distant objects through the transmission​ of: A.Electromagnetic energy B.Streamers C.Oxidizing agents D.Electrons

A.Electromagnetic energy

A​ "fingerprint" of an element is obtained by the technique​ of: A.Emission spectroscopy B.Ultraviolet spectrophotometry C.Gas chromatography D.Infrared spectrophotometry

A.Emission spectroscopy

Which of the following is not a​ stimulant? A.Ethyl alcohol B.Cocaine C.Caffeine D.Amphetamine

A.Ethyl alcohol

Which technique allows for both separation and specific identification of a questioned mixture of​ substances? A.GC/MS B.UV spectrophotometry C.IR spectrophotometry D.GC

A.GC/MS

Gasoline residues are best characterized​ by: A.Gas chromatography B.Emission spectroscopy C.Ultraviolet analysis D.Infrared spectrophotometry

A.Gas chromatography

The analytical technique widely used for directly measuring the amount of alcohol present in the blood​ is: A.Gas chromatography B.​Thin-layer chromatography C.Ultra-violet spectrophotometry D.Infrared spectrophotometry

A.Gas chromatography

In forensic​ toxicology, all positive drug findings must be confirmed by a specific chemical test. The confirmation test of choice​ is: A.Gas​ chromatography-mass spectrometry B.Ultraviolet spectrophotometry C.Infrared spectrophotometry D.Gas chromatography

A.Gas​ chromatography-mass spectrometry

The amount of acid phosphatase in seminal fluid is​ ________ the amount of acid phosphatase in blood. A.Greater than B.The same as C.Less than D.None of the above

A.Greater than

Carbon monoxide combines with what component of​ blood? A.Hemoglobin B.Oxyhemoglobin C.White blood cells D.Carboxyhemoglobin

A.Hemoglobin

Which of the following drugs is not found in blood or​ urine? A.Heroin B.Methadone C.Morphine D.Amphetamine

A.Heroin

How should​ blood-containing clothes from a victim be​ packaged? A.In breathable paper after blood has dried B.In an airtight clear plastic container C.In a metal paint can D.In an airtight metal container

A.In breathable paper after blood has dried

________ writings are partially visible impressions appearing on a sheet of paper underneath the one on which the visible writing was done. A.Indented B.Charred C.Questioned D.Obliterated

A.Indented

Some​ breath-testing devices for alcohol use​ ________ light to measure the quantity of alcohol trapped in a chamber. A.Infrared B.Ultraviolet C.Visible D.Colored

A.Infrared

Which of the following analytical technique is considered to be a specific test in a drug identification​ scheme? A.Infrared spectrophotometry B.Microcrystalline test C.Thin-layer chromatography D.Color test

A.Infrared spectrophotometry

The Van Urk reagent was used to test a sample and it turned​ bluish-purple. This indicates the presence​ of: A.LSD B.GHB C.MDMA D.PCP

A.LSD

Which of the following is not classified as a heavy​ metal? A.Lead B.Mercury C.Arsenic D.Thallium

A.Lead

The rate at which large DNA fragments move through the electrophoretic gel is​ ________ the rate at which small DNA fragments move through the same apparatus. A.Less than B.The same as C.Greater than D.None of the above

A.Less than

The sensitivity of the Takayama and Teichmann crystal tests for the identification of bloodstains is​ ________ the sensitivity of the​ Kastle-Meyer color test for bloodstain identification. A.Less than B.The same as C.Greater than D.None of the above

A.Less than

Which statement is NOT​ true? Few forensic labs do analysis of mtDNA​ because: A.Little mtDNA is present in a cell B.It costs much more than nuclear DNA profiling C.The analysis procedure is very rigorous D.Such study takes a long time

A.Little mtDNA is present in a cell

Duquenois-Levine solutions were used on a sample and the chloroform layer turned purple. This suggests that the tested substance​ is: A.Marijuana B.Heroin C.Cocaine D.Valium

A.Marijuana

Which is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States​ today? A.Marijuana B.Cocaine C.Alcohol D.Heroin

A.Marijuana

Heroin is a chemical derivative​ of: A.Morphine B.Barbituric acid C.Codeine D.Methadone

A.Morphine

Single-base smokeless powder consists​ of: A.Nitrocellulose B.Nitroglycerine C.Potassium chlorate and nitrocellulose D.Nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine

A.Nitrocellulose

Which of the following types of cells are not contained in​ plasma? A.Phagocytes B.Leukocytes C.Platelets D.Erythrocytes

A.Phagocytes

Which barbiturate is absorbed more slowly than the​ others? A.Phenobarbital B.Secobarbital C.Pentobarbital D.Amobarbital

A.Phenobarbital

If an investigator is to prepare standards from a suspect​ typewriter, which procedure is​ recommended? A.Prepare at least one copy of the text in full​ word-for-word order B.Partial copies of the suspect text are to be typed in​ light, medium, and heavy touches C.Examine the type impressions left on the ribbon D.Each character should be typed without the ribbon

A.Prepare at least one copy of the text in full​ word-for-word order

Which of the following statements is true of DNA segments that contain repeating base​ sequences? A.Repeating sequences act as filler or spacers between the coding regions of DNA B.Less than 20 percent of the human genome is composed of DNA strands that contain repeating base sequences C.Repeating base sequences are visualized as a cluster of circles D.The number and type of repeats varies in all humans

A.Repeating sequences act as filler or spacers between the coding regions of DNA

Which would be LEAST useful in identifying a mineral​ crystal? A.Size B.Color C.Refractive index D.Geometric shape

A.Size

Which of the following statements is​ false? A.Spermatozoa can generally be found in the vagina of a living female after 3 days B.Semen is unequivocally identified by the presence of spermatozoa C.The likelihood of finding seminal acid phosphatase in vaginal swabs decreases with time D.Semen will contain the enzyme p30

A.Spermatozoa can generally be found in the vagina of a living female after 3 days

Which of the following depicts correct​ base-pairing in​ DNA? A.T-A B.C-T C.G-A D.A-U

A.T-A

Assume that two strands of DNA have been separated and that the base sequence on one strand is ATGC. State the sequence of bases on the second strand. A.TACG B.GCAT C.TGGC D.ACTC

A.TACG

A fuel can only achieve combustion​ in: A.The gaseous state B.The liquid state C.The solid state D.A​ liquid-solid phase

A.The gaseous state

The minimum temperature at which a fuel will spontaneously ignite is​ called: A.The ignition temperature B.A dangerous place to store flammable liquids C.The flash point D.The heat of combustion

A.The ignition temperature

Alcohol is oxidized in the body primarily​ in: A.The liver B.The lungs C.The small intestine D.The stomach

A.The liver

Which of the following statements is​ false? A.The​ Kastle-Meyer test is used to determine whether blood is of human origin B.All bloods contain the enzyme peroxidase C.Dried bloodstains may tentatively be identified as blood by a peroxidase test D.A-B-O antigens are present in all human blood

A.The​ Kastle-Meyer test is used to determine whether blood is of human origin

What is​ radiation? A.Transfer of heat energy from a heated surface to a cooler surface B.Transfer of heat energy by movement of molecules within a liquid or gas C.Movement of heat through a solid object D.None of the above

A.Transfer of heat energy from a heated surface to a cooler surface

A TTI is a characteristic of a fax document. A.True B.False

A.True

After the paint has been applied to a​ surface, the solvent evaporates. A.True B.False

A.True

Alcohol tends to be distributed throughout the watery parts of the body. A.True B.False

A.True

An adequate number of exemplars is critical for determining the outcome of a comparison. A.True B.False

A.True

An atom has a net zero electrical​ charge, which indicates that it contains the same number of protons and electrons. A.True B.Fase

A.True

Examination of toner typically involves microscopic analysis followed by identification of the inorganic and organic components. A.True B.False

A.True

Few substances enter and completely leave the body in the same chemical state. A.True B.False

A.True

Field sobriety tests include psychophysical tests and a breath test. A.True B.False

A.True

For a longer total time required for complete​ absorption, the peak​ blood-alcohol concentration will be lower. A.True B.False

A.True

Gamma rays are a​ high-energy form of electromagnetic radiation. A.True B.False

A.True

Gas chromatography cannot be considered an absolute means of identification. A.True B.False

A.True

Gel diffusion takes advantage of the fact that antibodies and antigens move toward one another on a plate. A.True B.False

A.True

Infrared luminescence can reveal writing that has been erased. A.True B.False

A.True

Isotopes have different atomic mass numbers. A.True B.False

A.True

Microcrystalline tests are far less sensitive than color tests for blood identification. A.True B.False

A.True

Most human cells contain​ forty-six chromosomes, arranged in​ twenty-three mated pairs. A.True B.False

A.True

No two specimens of writing prepared by one person are ever identical in every detail. A.True B.False

A.True

One of the most frequent uses of the EMIT technique in forensic laboratories has been for screening the urine of suspected marijuana smokers. A.True B.False

A.True

Physical dependence develops only when the drug user uses a drug on a regular schedule. A.True B.False

A.True

Resin has higher concentrations of THC than the flowers of the Cannabis plant. A.True B.False

A.True

Standard/reference soil samples should be collected at the site of the crime at various intervals within a​ 100-foot radius of the crime scene. A.True B.False

A.True

The blood factors belonging to the​ A-B-O system are the most important for properly matching a donor and recipient for a transfusion. A.True B.False

A.True

The concentration of a drug present in urine is a poor indicator of how extensively an​ individual's behavior or state is influenced by the drug. A.True B.False

A.True

The concentration of the absorbing element is directly proportional to the quantity of the light absorbed. A.True B.False

A.True

The investigator should not try to remove trace paint evidence found on a tool but package the tool for laboratory examination instead. A.True B.False

A.True

The most common features associated with a paper examination are general​ appearance, color,​ weight, and watermarks. A.True B.False

A.True

The presence of prostate specific antigen​ (PSA) or p30 is useful for identifying a sample stain containing semen. A.True B.False

A.True

The two general categories of printers are impact and nonimpact printers. A.True B.False

A.True

The variety of coatings applied to the body of an automobile adds significant diversity to automobile paint and contributes to the forensic significance of automobile paint comparisons. A.True B.False

A.True

Two analytical techniques used to analyze writing inks are microspectrophotometry and​ thin-layer chromatography. A.True B.False

A.True

Type O blood is the most common in the United States. A.True B.False

A.True

​Angularity, slope, and speed are examples of individual variations. A.True B.False

A.True

​________ region(s) of mitochondrial DNA have been found to be highly variable in the human population for forensic determinations. A.Two B.Three C.One D.Four

A.Two

Each cycle of the DNA Thermal Cycler takes​ approximately: A.Two minutes B.Four hours C.Two hours D.30 seconds

A.Two minutes

Which of the​ following, if blood is not​ available, can the medical examiner NOT use in order to determine the​ body's alcohol content to a reasonable degree of​ accuracy? A.Urine B.Cerebrospinal fluid C.Vitreous humor D.Brain tissue

A.Urine

About​ 95-98 percent of alcohol is oxidized to what two​ substances? A.Water and carbon dioxide B.Water and acetic acid C.Acetaldehyde and acetic acid D.Carbon dioxide and dehydrogenase

A.Water and carbon dioxide

Which of the following statements is true of the headspace​ technique? A.When an airtight container containing the sample is​ heated, volatile residue in the debris is driven off and trapped in the​ container's enclosed airspace B.The headspace technique involves placing a​ charcoal-coated strip within the container that holds the debris in it C.The first step of the headspace technique involves the use of refrigeration in order to reduce the temperature of a container that contains the sample D.An advantage of using the headspace technique with gas chromatography is its sensitivity

A.When an airtight container containing the sample is​ heated, volatile residue in the debris is driven off and trapped in the​ container's enclosed airspace

DNA analysts are able to examine samples containing as few as​ ________ cells for an STR profile. A.800 B.18 C.180 D.36

B.18

The amplification of DNA using the Thermal Cycler takes​ approximately: A.Two hours B.30 cycles C.Four cycles D.Two minutes

B.30 cycles

Most explosives can be recovered from debris for future study by being rinsed​ with: A.Toluene B.Acetone C.Water D.Kerosene

B.Acetone

Small amounts of blood are best submitted to a crime​ laboratory: A.Immediately while still wet B.After dried C.In a druggists fold D.After removal from surface of deposition and rehydration

B.After dried

Which is the most widely used and abused​ drug? A.Marijuana B.Alcohol C.Heroin D.Cocaine

B.Alcohol

Which statement regarding STRs is​ true? A.Typically a core repeat sequence would consist of​ 15-30 bases B.All humans have the same type of STRs C.There is little variation in the number of repeats from person to person D.Restriction enzymes are used to cut STRs from the DNA helix

B.All humans have the same type of STRs

Which of the following is synthetically produced and does not occur​ naturally? A.Cocaine B.Amphetamine C.Morphine D.Opium

B.Amphetamine

Portions of the DNA molecule useful for DNA​ typing: A.Are useful for recombinant DNA B.Are repeated many times C.Are useful for the production of insulin D.Code for the production of proteins

B.Are repeated many times

The​ Dillie-Koppanyi reagent is useful in screening​ for: A.Marijuana B.Barbiturates C.Opiates D.Amphetamines

B.Barbiturates

Which is NOT a high​ explosive? A.TNT B.Black powder C.Dynamite D.RDX

B.Black powder

​"Designer" drugs​ are: A.Very often used in the fashion industry B.Chemically related to controlled substances C.High-end products of the major pharmaceutical companies D.Often abused by the wealthy

B.Chemically related to controlled substances

Scott Test solutions can indicate the presence​ of: A.Codeine B.Cocaine C.Marijuana D.Librium

B.Cocaine

Which type of test would logically be used first by the drug​ analyst? A.Microcrystalline B.Color C.Gas chromatography D.TLC

B.Color

The transfer of heat energy by the movement of molecules within a liquid or gas​ is: A.Radiation B.Convection C.Oxidation D.Conduction

B.Convection

Water being heated on a stove illustrates the concept​ of: A.Radiation B.Convection C.Conduction D.All of the above

B.Convection

The Reinsch test would NOT be used to​ detect: A.Bismuth B.Copper C.Arsenic D.Mercury

B.Copper

The individuality of an organism is determined by the​ organism's: A.Nitrogenous bases B.DNA nucleotide sequence C.Environment D.Amino acids

B.DNA nucleotide sequence

Blood is drawn from a living suspect involved in an automobile accident. If the specimen is kept unrefrigerated and at a moderately warm temperature the alcohol concentration can be expected​ to: A.Either increase or decrease with time B.Decrease with time C.Remain unchanged D.Increase with time

B.Decrease with time

Whole blood collected for DNA typing purposes must be placed in a vacuum containing the​ preservative: A.Rh factor B.EDTA C.Ethylene glycol D.CODIS

B.EDTA

Which coating provides resistance to​ corrosion? A.Clearcoat B.Electrocoat primer C.Basecoat D.Primer surface

B.Electrocoat primer

Gamma rays​ are: A.Neutrons B.Electromagnetic radiation C.Protons D.Electrons

B.Electromagnetic radiation

An element is selective in the frequency of light it will absorb. This selectivity is due to​ its: A.Number of neutrons B.Electron energy levels C.Proton cloud D.Atomic mass

B.Electron energy levels

The emission spectrograph is used to determine​ the: A.Crystalline structure of a substance B.Elemental composition of a substance C.Weight of a substance D.Mass of a substance

B.Elemental composition of a substance

A TTI cannot be used to distinguish between a real and a fraudulently prepared fax document. A.True B.False

B.False

A continuous spectrum is most helpful in identifying a particular element because it serves as a unique​ "fingerprint" of an element. A.True B.False

B.False

All atoms of an element have the same number of neutrons. A.True B.False

B.False

Alpha particles are a form of radiation consisting of electrons. A.True B.False

B.False

An antigen is a protein that destroys or inactivates a specific antibody. A.True B.False

B.False

Aspermia is an abnormally low sperm count. A.True B.False

B.False

Biological evidence should be packaged in plastic or airtight containers. A.True B.False

B.False

Chromosomes are the fundamental units of heredity. A.True B.False

B.False

Emission spectroscopy measures the frequency of light emitted by an atom when one of its electrons moves to a higher orbital. A.True B.False

B.False

If soil is found adhering to an​ object, the investigator should remove the soil particles from the object and send them to the laboratory. A.True B.False

B.False

Indented writings are not readable under any typical examinations. A.True B.False

B.False

Information about when the victim last had consensual sex is not useful for evaluating the significance of findings during a possible rape examination. A.True B.False

B.False

It is not necessary that the collected paint from a vehicle involved in a​ hit-and-run accident be close to the area of the car suspected of being in contact with the victim. A.True B.False

B.False

Longer DNA strands are more stable and less subject to degradation than shorter strands. A.True B.False

B.False

Many chemical substances have similar mass spectra fragmentation. A.True B.False

B.False

Nonimpact printers include thermal and​ dot-matrix printers. A.True B.False

B.False

Nonmotile sperm generally survive for up to four to six hours in the vaginal cavity of a living female. A.True B.False

B.False

People with type O blood have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells. A.True B.False

B.False

Psychological dependence is defined as the physiological need for a drug that has been brought about by its regular use. A.True B.False

B.False

Surface texture is the most important of the characteristics that a criminalist looks for when comparing paint chips. A.True B.False

B.False

The distribution of a substance between a mobile and stationary phase describes spectrophotometry. A.True B.False

B.False

The first step in a forensic soil comparison is analysis of the size of the particles. A.True B.False

B.False

The minerals found in different soil samples cannot effectively be used to determine whether or not they have the same origin. A.True B.False

B.False

The most common color test for bloodstains is Luminol. A.True B.False

B.False

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called the atomic mass number. A.True B.False

B.False

The three most widely used screening tests are​ thin-layer chromatography​ (TLC), gas chromatography​ (GC), and liquid chromatography​ (LC). A.True B.False

B.False

The​ implied-consent law allows the operator of a motor vehicle on a public highway to refuse a test for alcohol intoxication. A.True B.False

B.False

Variations in vertical and horizontal alignment cannot be used to identify a typewriter. A.True B.False

B.False

When comparing sample writing to a suspect​ document, the age difference between the documents should be no more than six to twelve months. A.True B.False

B.False

When two different genes are​ inherited, the characteristic coded for by a recessive gene is expressed. A.True B.False

B.False

​Margins, spacing,​ crowding, insertions,​ alignment, spelling,​ punctuation, phraseology, and grammar cannot impart individual variations. A.True B.False

B.False

The TTI is a characteristic used to​ distinguish: A.Photocopiers B.Fax machines C.Computer printers D.All of the above

B.Fax machines

With regard to the constitutionality of obtaining handwriting​ exemplars, the courts have ruled all of the following​ EXCEPT: A.It is not in violation of Fourth Amendment rights B.Fifth Amendment privileges apply C.Such action does not constitute unreasonable search and seizure of a person D.None of the above

B.Fifth Amendment privileges apply

When investigators search a fire​ scene, the first focus must be​ on: A.Taking photographs and making sketches B.Finding the origin of the fire C.Interviewing eyewitnesses D.All of the above

B.Finding the origin of the fire

What is the concentration at which a​ vapor-to-fuel mixture in the air is capable of​ burning? A.Spontaneous concentration B.Flammable range C.Lethal range D.Heat of combustion

B.Flammable range

All combustible fuels simultaneously igniting to engulf a structure in flames is known​ as: A.Combustion B.Flashover C.Spontaneous combustion D.Pyrolysis

B.Flashover

Which instrumentation is considered the most sensitive and reliable for detecting and characterizing flammable​ residues? A.TLC B.GC C.IR D.NAA

B.GC

In neutron activation​ analysis, an element is identified by measuring the energy of​ emitting: A.Protons B.Gamma rays C.Electrons D.Neutrons

B.Gamma rays

Neutron activation analysis involves bombarding specimens with neutrons and then measuring the​ resultant: A.Beta particles B.Gamma rays C.X-rays D.Alpha particles

B.Gamma rays

Means to detect the amelogenin gene are included in commercial STR kits used in crime labs because the gene allows determination​ of: A.Ethnicity B.Gender C.Blood type D.Eye color

B.Gender

Which is a chemical used to synthesize the explosive​ TATP? A.Potassium chlorate B.Hydrogen peroxide C.Aluminum D.Magnesium

B.Hydrogen peroxide

Drugs deemed to have the highest potential for abuse and having a current medical use are listed in which schedule of the Controlled Substances​ Act? A.I B.II C.III D.IV

B.II

Which absorption spectrum is equivalent to a​ "fingerprint" of a substance and can be used for identification​ purposes? A.UV B.IR C.X-ray D.Visible

B.IR

Document examiners frequently uncover the original writing of words that have been crossed out with the aid​ of: A.Side lighting B.Infrared radiation C.Transmitted radiation D.Color photography

B.Infrared radiation

Which is a device used to screen objects for the presence of explosive​ residues? A.X-ray diffraction B.Ion-mobility spectrometry C.Infrared spectrophotometry D.Mass spectrometry

B.Ion-mobility spectrometry

Atoms having the same atomic number but different atomic masses are​ called: A.Isomers B.Isotopes C.Isotherms D.Isobars

B.Isotopes

The atoms of​ hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium all have the same number of​ protons, but differ in the number of neutrons they possess. These substances​ are: A.Compounds B.Isotopes C.Molecules D.Elements

B.Isotopes

Which of the following is true of the drug recognition expert​ program? A.It can suggest the presence of 15 broad categories of drugs B.It can supply credible evidence that a suspect was impaired at a specific time C.It was created to replace toxicological testing D.It can accurately determine which specific drug was ingested and when it was ingested

B.It can supply credible evidence that a suspect was impaired at a specific time

Examples of secondary explosives do NOT​ include: A.PETN B.Lead azide C.RDX D.TNT

B.Lead azide

The discriminating power of mtDNA is​ ________ the discriminating power of STR analysis. A.The same as B.Less than C.Greater than D.None of the above

B.Less than

he rate of alcohol absorption on a full stomach is​ ________ the rate of absorption on an empty stomach. A.Greater than B.Less than C.The same as D.None of the above

B.Less than

Complex chromatographic accelerant patterns can be simplified​ by: A.Gas chromatography B.Mass spectrometry C.Headspace analysis D.Thin-layer chromatography

B.Mass spectrometry

The administration of which drug eliminates an​ addict's desire for​ heroin? A.Morphine B.Methadone C.OxyContin D.Codeine

B.Methadone

Upon entering the​ bloodstream, heroin is almost immediately metabolized​ into: A.Procaine B.Morphine C.Cocaine D.Opium

B.Morphine

Which of the following is a​ non-destructive technique for identifying and quantifying trace elements in a test sample? A.ICP emission spectrometry B.Neutron activation analysis C.Carbon arc emission spectrometry D.Infrared spectrophotometry

B.Neutron activation analysis

The building blocks of the DNA molecule are known​ as: A.Amino acids B.Nucleotides C.Polysaccharides D.Hydrocarbons

B.Nucleotides

Which hallucinogen can be synthesized by a simple chemical process and is often manufactured in clandestine​ laboratories? A.Mescaline B.PCP C.Marijuana D.LSD

B.PCP

Which are common chemical ingredients of black​ powder? A.Carbon, nitrocellulose, potassium chlorate B.Potassium​ nitrate, charcoal, sulfur C.Aluminum, potassium,​ nitrate, nitrocellulose D.Sulfur, carbon, nitrogen

B.Potassium​ nitrate, charcoal, sulfur

Which part of cannabis contains the LEAST amount of​ THC? A.Resin B.Seeds C.Flower D.Leaf

B.Seeds

​Acid-phosphatase is a major constituent​ of: A.Perspiration B.Semen C.Saliva D.Blood

B.Semen

Methamphetamine is​ a: A.Depressant B.Stimulant C.Hallucinogen D.Tranquilizer

B.Stimulant

Which is a homemade explosive that has been used by terrorist organizations in the Middle​ East? A.RDX B.TATP C.PETN D.TNT

B.TATP

Fax machines print a header known as the​ ________ at the top of each fax​ page, which may become a very important point of comparison. A.TLC B.TTI C.ELD D.HTTP

B.TTI

Which of the following CANNOT be determined from a laboratory examination of evidence recovered from an​ arson? A.The ignition mechanism used by the arsonist B.The brand name of gasoline used to start the fire C.Origin of liquid gasolines D.The presence of​ gasoline, kerosene, or turpentine in debris

B.The brand name of gasoline used to start the fire

The quantity of heat from a chemical reaction comes​ from: A.The composition of the​ fuel-air mix B.The breaking and formation of chemical bonds C.The emission of radiation D.The presence of oxygen in the reaction

B.The breaking and formation of chemical bonds

The minimum temperature at which fuel vapor will ignite is known​ as: A.The boiling point B.The ignition temperature C.The flash point D.The glow temperature

B.The ignition temperature

Which of the following statements about mitochondrial DNA is​ incorrect? A.Many copies of mitochondrial​ DNA's hypervariable regions are made by PCR B.The number of repeat segments found in the hypervariable regions are used to type mitochondrial DNA C.Mitochondrial DNA is constructed in a loop configuration D.Mitochondrial DNA is located outside the​ cell's nucleus

B.The number of repeat segments found in the hypervariable regions are used to type mitochondrial DNA

Which statement about tandem repeats is NOT​ true? A.It is thought that they may act as spacers between the coded regions of DNA B.They are of no forensic interest C.Their origin is a mystery D.More than​ 30% of the human genome is composed of these repeating units

B.They are of no forensic interest

Which of the following is true of alcohol analysis using the oxidation​ method? A.This reaction is carried out in the presence of the coenzyme xanthine oxidase B.This reaction is carried out in the presence of the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase C.The extent of this conversion is measured by a breathalyzer and is related to alcohol concentration D.This is the most commonly used approach in forensic laboratories

B.This reaction is carried out in the presence of the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase

A typical STR DNA type emanating from a single individual shows a​ ________ band pattern. A.Three B.Two C.One D.Zero

B.Two

In which phenotype pairings can the genotypes of the individuals be directly​ known? A.Type A and type AB B.Type AB and type O C.Type A and type B D.Type B and type O

B.Type AB and type O

Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in​ DNA? A.Cytosine B.Uracil C.Adenine D.Thymine

B.Uracil

The DRE program incorporates standardized methods for examining suspects to​ determine: A.Whether they have ever taken one or more drugs B.Whether they are under the influence of one or more drugs C.Whether they are involved in the buying or selling of drugs D.Whether they are transporting any illegal substances

B.Whether they are under the influence of one or more drugs

Sam is a forensic toxicologist who is examining a body found at the scene of a fire. Although the body was not​ burnt; Sam felt that the most likely cause of death is asphyxiation as the red blood cells had a below normal count of pure hemoglobin. It was found that as the deceased was stuck in the fire and exposed to dangerous​ gases; there was not enough hemoglobin left to carry oxygen to the tissues. In this​ case, the deceased was exposed to the poison called​ ________. A.thallium B.carbon monoxide C.dimethylmercury D.arsenic

B.carbon monoxide

The presence of​ ________ indicates that a stain is seminal in nature. A.PGM B.p30 C.DNA D.Peroxidase

B.p30

The DOT set the maximum allowable blood alcohol concentration for commercial truck and bus drivers​ at: A.0.08%. B.0.02%. C.0.04%. D.0.05%

C.0.04%

The presence or absence of how many antigens determines an​ individual's blood type in the​ A-B-O system? A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3

C.2

How many different bases are associated with the makeup of​ DNA? A.3 B.5 C.4 D.6

C.4

If blood is found to have both A and B antigens it is typed​ as: A.A B.B C.AB D.O

C.AB

In the United​ States, the rarest blood type​ is: A.A B.B C.AB D.O

C.AB

In Western​ countries, the most heavily abused​ drug(s) is/are: A.Barbiturates B.Amphetamines C.Alcohol D.Tranquilizers

C.Alcohol

Which of the following statements is​ correct? A.All atoms of an element have an equal number of neutrons and electrons B.All atoms of an electron have the same number of neutrons C.All atoms of an element have the same number of protons D.All atoms of an element have the same atomic mass number

C.All atoms of an element have the same number of protons

When dictating to a person in order to obtain samples of​ handwriting, one should​ NOT: A.Dictate the contents of the text at least three times B.Use paper similar to that of the questioned document C.Allow the suspect to view the questioned document before dictating it D.Use a pen similar to that of the questioned document

C.Allow the suspect to view the questioned document before dictating it

Automobile finishes typically contain which​ layer(s)? A.Colorcoat B.Clearcoat C.An electrocoat​ primer, colorcoat, and clearcoat D.Electrocoat primer and colorcoat

C.An electrocoat​ primer, colorcoat, and clearcoat

Of the​ following, which is an acid​ drug? A.Methadone B.PCP C.Aspirin D.Cocaine

C.Aspirin

Paint as physical evidence is most frequently encountered​ in: A.Car theft B.Burglary C.A​ hit-and-run D.Both A and B

C.A​ hit-and-run

Which coat represents the​ "eye appeal"? A.Clearcoat B.Primer surface C.Basecoat D.Electrocoat primer

C.Basecoat

Type AB blood​ contains: A.Both​ anti-A and​ anti-B antibodies B.Anti-A antibodies and B antigens C.Both A and B antigens D.Anti-A antigens and​ anti-B antibodies

C.Both A and B antigens

The most satisfactory way of simultaneously separating and tentatively identifying drugs is​ by: A.Infrared spectrophotometry B.Ultraviolet spectrophotometry C.Chromatography D.Emission spectroscopy

C.Chromatography

Paint chips may be individualized to a single source by examining​ their: A.Relative size B.Infrared spectra C.Color and layer structure D.Ultraviolet spectra E.Pyrograms

C.Color and layer structure

Which property imparts paint with its most distinctive forensic​ characteristics? A.Texture B.Gloss C.Color-layer sequence D.Color

C.Color-layer sequence

What is the rapid combination of oxygen with a​ fuel, which produces a noticeable release of​ energy? A.The flash point B.Explosion C.Combustion D.Ignition

C.Combustion

Which of the following statements is true of examining the forensic properties of​ soil? A.A visual comparison of the color and texture of soil specimens is a long and intricate process B.Due to the low number of distinguishable soil​ colors, color comparison of soil is done very rarely C.Comparing rocks and minerals that are naturally present in soil provides evidential value D.Color comparisons of soil samples can be done when the soil is wet

C.Comparing rocks and minerals that are naturally present in soil provides evidential value

What is the logical first step in soil​ analysis? A.Examination of minerals and rocks under​ high-power magnification B.Examination for presence of debris under​ low-power magnification C.Comparison of dried soil sample for color and texture D.Use of the​ density-gradient tube technique

C.Comparison of dried soil sample for color and texture

Luminol can be used at crime scenes​ to: A.Locate latent prints that otherwise would be overlooked B.Light up the crime scene with a high degree of illumination C.Detect traces of blood without compromising potential DNA typing D.Make hair evidence fluoresce

C.Detect traces of blood without compromising potential DNA typing

What is the process by which the image is stored in memory by scanning and converting by computer into an array of digital intensity values called picture​ elements? A.Luminescence B.Pixelization C.Digitizing D.Adobe Photoshopping

C.Digitizing

Which is NOT a component of a​ nucleotide? A.Sugar B.Phosphorous containing group C.Double helix D.Nitrogenous base

C.Double helix

Defects that are reproduced by a photocopier onto a copied document may originate from defects in all of the following photocopier parts​ EXCEPT: A.Mechanical portions B.Glass plate C.Feed tray D.Inner cover

C.Feed tray

What is the minimum temperature at which a liquid fuel will produce enough vapor to​ burn? A.Critical temperature B.Sublimation temperature C.Flash point D.Ignition temperature

C.Flash point

Which is NOT a widely used screening tool in the toxicology​ lab? A.TLC B.Immunoassay C.GC-MS D.None of the above

C.GC-MS

Combustion occurring at the surface of a solid​ describes: A.Pyrolysis B.Flash point C.Glowing combustion D.Spontaneous combustion

C.Glowing combustion

The ease with which one can find individual variations in a typewritten document is​ ________ the ease of finding such defects in documents produced by business and personal computers. A.The same as B.Less than C.Greater than

C.Greater than

The specificity of microcrystalline tests is​ ________ the specificity of color tests. A.The same as B.Less than C.Greater than D.None of the above

C.Greater than

In DNA​ replication, polymerases: A.Enable the strands to unwind from the helix B.Separate the strands of the double helix C.Help assemble the new DNA strands in proper base sequence D.All of the above

C.Help assemble the new DNA strands in proper base sequence

The Marquis Reagent was used on drug evidence and it turned purple. The drug being tested could​ be: A.Cocaine B.Methadone C.Heroin D.Either A or B

C.Heroin

Some​ inks, when exposed to​ blue-green light, absorb​ ________ radiation and emit light. A.Polarized B.Visible C.Infrared D.Ultraviolet

C.Infrared

The property exhibited by some dyes that emit infrared light when exposed to​ blue-green light is known​ as: A.Digitizing. B.Microspectrophotometry C.Infrared luminescence D.Thin-layer chromatography

C.Infrared luminescence

The ability to make a positive identification of a drug using UV spectrophotometry is​ ________ the ability to make a positive identification using IR spectrophotometry. A.The same as B.Greater than C.Less than D.None of the above

C.Less than

The amount of DNA material required for STR analysis is​ ________ the amount of DNA required for RFLP analysis. A.Greater than B.The same as C.Less than D.None of the above

C.Less than

The ease with which a​ child's handwriting can be individualized is​ ________ the ease with which one can individualize an​ adult's handwriting. A.Greater than B.The same as C.Less than

C.Less than

The possibility of recognizing known writing habits in samples produced when a writer is under the influence of drugs or alcohol is​ ________ the possibility of recognizing known writing habits produced when the writer of a sample is not under the influence of drugs or alcohol. A.Greater than B.The same as C.Less than

C.Less than

TLC uses​ ________ as its moving phase. A.Silica gel B.A thin film C.Liquid D.A carrier gas

C.Liquid

Gas chromatography suffers a big drawback in that it does not produce specific identification. This problem is overcome by connecting the GC to​ a: A.HPLC. B.TLC. C.MS. D.GRIM 3

C.MS

The reagent used for the field test of heroin​ is: A.Duquenois-Levine B.Van Urk C.Marquis D.Scott reagent

C.Marquis

Blood samples taken for alcohol testing must be taken only with the​ driver's consent according​ to: A.The Fifth Amendment B.Schmerber v. California C.Missouri v. McNeely D.The Frye standard

C.Missouri v. McNeely

The concept of simultaneously​ extracting, amplifying, and detecting a combination of STRs is known​ as: A.THO1 B.Electrophoresis C.Multiplexing D.PCR

C.Multiplexing

Which of the following statements is​ FALSE? A.In the case of Gilbert v. California the court held that the taking of handwriting exemplars was not prohibited by the Fifth Amendment B.An inconclusive finding by a document examiner may be due to an insufficient number of known writings available for comparison C.Once adulthood is​ reached, an​ individual's handwriting generally will not change with age D.Any object that contains handwritten or typewritten markings whose source or authenticity is in doubt is a questioned document

C.Once adulthood is​ reached, an​ individual's handwriting generally will not change with age

Which chemical reaction is associated with a​ fire? A.Precipitation B.Reduction C.Oxidation D.None of the above

C.Oxidation

Which is often used as the explosive core in a detonating​ cord? A.C-4 B.TNT C.PETN D.RDX

C.PETN

When an animal is injected with an​ antigen, the animal will respond by​ producing: A.Monoclonal antibodies B.Agglutinates C.Polyclonal antibodies D.Both A and B

C.Polyclonal antibodies

Which is an explosive readily detonated by heat or​ shock? A.ANFO B.Secondary explosive C.Primary explosive D.Dynamite

C.Primary explosive

High explosives can be classified as either​ ________ or​ ________ explosives. A.Initial; secondary B.Civilian; military C.Primary; secondary D.Military​ grade; non-military grade

C.Primary; secondary

PSA​ (p30) is​ a: A.Blood enzyme used to discriminate bloodstains B.Polymorphic enzyme found in red blood cells C.Protein found in seminal plasma D.Protein specific to females

C.Protein found in seminal plasma

What is the decomposition of organic matter by​ heat? A.Radiation B.Combustion C.Pyrolysis D.Ignition temperate

C.Pyrolysis

The polymeric makeup of paint binders can readily be compared​ by: A.Microscopy B.Thin-layer chromatography C.Pyrolysis gas chromatography D.Emission spectroscopy

C.Pyrolysis gas chromatography

​________ transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs. A.Lymphocytes B.Alveoli C.Red blood cells D.White blood cells

C.Red blood cells

Which is a natural​ heat-producing process that may give rise to a​ fire? A.Flash point B.Ignition point C.Spontaneous combustion D.Chain reaction

C.Spontaneous combustion

Paternity testing is done involving a woman with type AB blood who has accused a man with type B blood of fathering her child who has tested AB. What can be determined in this​ case? A.The child cannot belong to this mother B.The male is definitely NOT the father of the child C.The male could have fathered the child D.The male definitely IS the father of the child

C.The male could have fathered the child

Inks on handwritten documents may be compared for their chemical composition by the technique​ of: A.Ultraviolet spectrophotometry B.Infrared spectrophotometry C.Thin-layer chromatography D.None of the above

C.Thin-layer chromatography

Which statement is not correct for​ Y-STRs? A.Female STRs will not yield a​ Y-STR profile B.Y-STRs can be amplified by PCR C.Y-STR types are typically shorter in length as compared to​ X-STRs D.A typical​ Y-STR pattern has one band

C.Y-STR types are typically shorter in length as compared to​ X-STRs

In the PCR​ process, the first step is to heat the DNA strands. This is to permit​ the: A.Hybridization to take place B.Process to take place without DNA degradation C.​Double-stranded molecules to separate completely D.DNA to coil very tightly in the helical shape

C.​Double-stranded molecules to separate completely

The blood alcohol concentration level for being presumed to be legally​ "Under the​ Influence" in most states​ is: A.0.10% B.​0.05% C.0.0% D.0.08%

D.0.08%

STRs normally consist of repeating sequences​ of: A.18-2 bases B.13-17 bases C.8-12 bases D.3-7 bases

D.3-7 bases

Which is NOT part of the composition of​ paint? A.Pigment B.Solvent C.Binder D.Adhesive

D.Adhesive

The technology of DNA typing had its beginnings in 1985 with the work​ of: A.Henry Lee B.James Watson C.Francis Crick D.Alec Jeffreys

D.Alec Jeffreys

A precipitin test can be used to​ identify: A.Human blood B.Dog blood C.Cat blood D.All of the above

D.All of the above

A stain can tentatively be identified as blood​ by: A.The benzidine test. B.The luminol test. C.The phenolphthalein test. D.All of the above

D.All of the above

After examining small paint chips from an auto accident scene and using the PDQ​ database, the crime lab worker can determine the​ ________ of the vehicle. A.Model B.Year C.Make D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Alcohol is eliminated from the body chemically unchanged​ in: A.Perspiration B.Breath C.Urine D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Analyzing segments of hair for drug content may define the timeline for drug​ use, dating it back over a period​ of: A.Days B.Years C.Weeks D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Arson investigators must work quickly to collect evidence at a fire scene​ because: A.Safety requirements may require that cleanup and salvage operations begin quickly B.Accelerants in soil may rapidly degrade C.Accelerant residues may quickly evaporate D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Barbiturates act​ to: A.Produce sleep. B.Promote relaxation. C.Create a feeling of​ well-being. D.All of the above

D.All of the above

During the production of monoclonal​ antibodies, which step is not​ followed? A.Fuse the spleen cells to malignant blood cells. B.Remove the​ animal's spleen cells. C.Inject an animal with the antigen of interest. D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Electrophoresis can be used in the crime lab to​ analyze: A.Proteins B.DNA C.Dried blood D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Evidence to substantiate that a rape occurred could​ include: A.Fibers B.Hairs C.Blood and semen D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Factors that can contribute to abnormal observations at a fire scene​ include: A.Winds or drafts B.Stairways or elevator shafts C.Secondary fires due to collapsing floors or roof D.All of the above

D.All of the above

In dealing with fax​ machines, photocopiers, and computer​ printers, which class characteristics might be​ examined? A.Type of​ toner-to-paper fusing method B.Chemical composition of toner C.Type of paper D.All of the above

D.All of the above

In routine blood​ banking, which​ antigen(s) must be determined in testing for​ compatibility? A.A B.B C.D D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Information from the Human Genome Project​ will: A.Be useful for diagnosing and treating genetic diseases B.Help to reveal the role and implications of evolution C.Reveal the location of a gene on a particular chromosome D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Most narcotics​ are: A.Depressants to the central nervous system B.Obtained from opium C.Physically addicting D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Questioned documents​ include: A.Petitions and lottery tickets. B.Letters and checks. C.Contracts and passports. D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Radioactivity is composed​ of: A.Gamma rays. B.Alpha particles. C.Beta particles. D.All of the above

D.All of the above

STR analysis has replaced other DNA typing techniques because​ it: A.Can be implemented using the PCR B.Requires a smaller sample size C.Is less subject to sample degradation D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Telltale signs of arson​ include: A.Trails of burn patterns B.The presence of containers C.Separate points of origin D.All of the above

D.All of the above

The Controlled Substance Act established five schedules of classification for substances based on the​ drugs: A.Potential for psychological dependence B.Medical value C.Potential for physical dependence D.All of the above

D.All of the above

The separation of STRs using capillary​ electrophoresis: A.Is currently the preferred method B.Decreases analysis time C.Evolved from the​ flat-gel electrophoresis approach D.All of the above

D.All of the above

The sniffing of volatile solvents can​ cause: A.Drowsiness and stupor B.Slurred speech and double vision C.Feelings of exhilaration and euphoria D.All of the above

D.All of the above

The writing characteristics of a person may be altered by​ whether: A.Pencil, ballpoint, or fountain pen is used B.The paper is ruled or unruled C.The posture or stance of the author varies between writings D.All of the above

D.All of the above

What is true about monoclonal​ antibodies? A.They are produced utilizing rapidly multiplying​ blood-cancer cells. B.They are expected to be​ medicine's version of the​ "magic bullet." C.They are produced by injecting a mouse with an antigen. D.All of the above

D.All of the above

What type of evidence would be expected to have trace​ elements? A.Glass and metal objects B.Paint and bullet fragments C.Soil and gun primer particles D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Which are important characteristics of a​ printer, photocopier, or fax​ machine? A.Type of paper B.Printing technology C.Type of toner or ink used D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Which is an advantage of working with short DNA​ fragments? A.They are less subject to degradation due to adverse environmental conditions B.Their quantity can be greatly amplified by PCR technology C.They are more stable and less likely to break apart D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Which of the following are considered to be​ "club drugs"? A.Rohypnol B.MDMA C.Ketamine D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Which of the following is a poor conductor of​ heat? A.Wood B.Plastic C.Paper D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Which of the following is considered to be a​ hallucinogen? A.Mescaline B.Psilocybin C.Phencyclidine​ (PCP) D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Which physical symptom is part of the abstinence​ syndrome? A.Convulsions B.Body chills C.Stomach cramps and vomiting D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Which​ type(s) of screening and confirmation tests are used for analyzing evidence of​ explosives? A.TLC B.Gas​ chromatography/mass spectrometry C.Color spot tests D.All of the above

D.All of the above

Which is NOT a factor in determining the rate at which alcohol is absorbed into the​ bloodstream? A.The amount consumed B.The presence or absence of food in the stomach C.The alcoholic content of the beverage D.All of the above are factors

D.All of the above are factors

After a blood sample is collected for alcohol​ testing, a(n)​ ________ is added to stop the blood from clotting. A.Monochromator B.Fuel cell C.Preservative D.Anti-coagulant

D.Anti-coagulant

Which coating helps resist UV radiation and acid​ rain? A.Primer surface B.Clearcoat C.Electrocoat primer D.Basecoat

D.Basecoat

Hydrocarbon accelerants can be detected​ by: A.Trained dogs B.A portable detector​ (sniffer) C.Most people D.Both A and B

D.Both A and B

Infrared luminescence is used​ to: A.Detect if two different inks were used in the writing of a document. B.Reveal writing that has been erased. C.Prepare ink for​ thin-layer chromatography. D.Both A and B

D.Both A and B

Which component of DNA forms the backbone of the​ molecule? A.Sugar B.Nitrogenous base C.Phosphate group D.Both A and C

D.Both A and C

Paint binders can be chemically analyzed​ using: A.TLC B.IR spectrophotometry C.Pyrolysis GC D.Both B and C

D.Both B and C

The molecular structure of DNA was deduced​ by: A.Gregor Mendel B.James Watson C.Francis Crick D.Both B and C

D.Both B and C

Which blood components are directly pertinent to the forensic aspects of blood​ identification? A.Platelets B.Blood serum C.Red blood cells D.Both B and C

D.Both B and C

Which is the most widely used low​ explosive? A.Potassium chlorate and sugar B.Black powder C.Smokeless powder D.Both B and C

D.Both B and C

A common classification system characterizes ignitable liquids based on their boiling point ranges and number of​ ________ molecules as​ light, medium, and heavy petroleum distillates. A.Petroleum B.Petrol C.Hydrogen D.Carbon

D.Carbon

Carbon monoxide is toxic because​ it: A.Causes platelets to clump B.Activates killer white blood cells C.Destroys red blood cells D.Combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin

D.Combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin

The speed in a low explosive is called the speed​ of: A.Detonation B.Oxidation C.Combustion D.Deflagration

D.Deflagration

In a simple emission​ spectrograph, excitation of the specimen under investigation is accomplished with​ a(n): A.Inductive magnetic field B.Hot plasma torch C.Activated prism D.Electrical arc

D.Electrical arc

Field sobriety tests that can be employed to ascertain the degree of an​ individual's alcohol impairment normally do not include the​ following: A.Walk and turn B.Portable, roadside breath tester C.Horizontal gaze nystagmus D.Gas chromatography

D.Gas chromatography

In the case of​ ________, the Supreme Court held handwriting to be nontestimonial evidence not protected by Fifth Amendment privileges. A.United States v. Mara B.United States Secret Service v. Mara C.Carmichael v. Kumho Tire Co. D.Gilbert v. California

D.Gilbert v. California

A police officer performs a field test on a white​ powder, obtaining a purple color. The most likely drug present​ is: A.Cocaine B.LSD C.Methadone D.Heroin

D.Heroin

What is the major advantage of using the vapor concentration technique with gas​ chromatography? A.Low resolution of peaks associated with volatile residues B.Only​ non-volatile residues will be detected C.Ability to determine relative concentration of solid residues D.High sensitivity for detecting volatile residues

D.High sensitivity for detecting volatile residues

EMIT is NOT​ a(n): A.Speedy test to detect methadone in urine B.Screening test for suspected marijuana smoking C.Immunological assay technique that utilizes antibodies D.Highly specific process to identify drugs in blood

D.Highly specific process to identify drugs in blood

A gene pair made up of two similar alleleslong dash—for ​example, AA and BBlong dash—is said to​ be: A.Monoclonal B.Complementary C.Heterozygous D.Homozygous

D.Homozygous

The tranquilizers Valium and Librium are classified in which schedule of the Controlled Substances​ Act? A.I B.II C.III D.IV

D.IV

Antibodies are​ found: A.In the red blood cells B.In the solid portion of blood C.In the white blood cells D.In the blood serum

D.In the blood serum

Which is an initiating explosive often used in​ detonators? A.PETN B.Dynamite C.TNT D.Lead azide

D.Lead azide

An individual who is type O​ has: A.A antibodies B.O antibodies C.B antibodies D.Neither A nor B antibodies

D.Neither A nor B antibodies

Overwriting or crossing out writing is known​ as: A.Erasure B.Indentation C.Alteration D.Obliteration

D.Obliteration

Many explosives must have their own source​ of: A.Fuel B.Heat C.Energy D.Oxygen

D.Oxygen

The presence of high levels of carbon monoxide in the blood of a victim found at the scene of a suspicious fire is proof that the​ victim: A.Was the arsonist B.Died elsewhere and was brought to the fire scene after death C.Died before the fire started D.Perished after the fire started

D.Perished after the fire started

The nucleus of an atom​ contains: A.Protons and electrons B.Neutrons C.Neutrons and electrons D.Protons and neutrons

D.Protons and neutrons

HV1 and HV2​ are: A.STR types B.Types of viruses C.Restriction enzymes D.Regions of mtDNA

D.Regions of mtDNA

David dissolves a sample of muscle tissue of a suspect in a hydrochloric acid solution and inserts a copper strip into the solution. David notices that the copper strip starts to develop a dark coating. The appearance of the dark coating indicates the presence of a heavy metal in the tissue. This procedure is known as the​ ________ test. A.Scott B.Greiss C.Romberg D.Reinsch

D.Reinsch

A compound can tentatively be identified by gas chromatography from​ its: A.Rf value B.Carrier gas C.Partition coefficient D.Retention time

D.Retention time

The D antigen is also known as the​ ________ antigen. A.Monoclonal B.X C.AB D.Rh

D.Rh

The specific proteins produced by a cell are directly related to​ the: A.Sequence of sugars and phosphates in the cell B.Length of the chromosomes C.Number of mitochondria in the cell D.Sequence of nucleotides in the DNA of the cell

D.Sequence of nucleotides in the DNA of the cell

The drug recognition expert evaluation process can suggest the presence of how many broad categories of​ drugs? A.Nine B.Ten C.Four D.Seven

D.Seven

CODIS is a national system​ of: A.Crime laboratory directors B.Vastly enhanced 911 emergency systems C.Computers to track the movement of sex offenders released from prison D.Shared databases of DNA typing information from convicted felons and crime scene evidence

D.Shared databases of DNA typing information from convicted felons and crime scene evidence

In which hereditary disease does abnormal hemoglobin differ from normal hemoglobin by only a single amino​ acid? A.Albinism B.Hemophilia C.Phenylketonuria D.Sickle-cell anemia

D.Sickle-cell anemia

A databank of ink dye patterns has been established by the U.S. Treasury Department​ using: A.TTI B.NAA C.HPLC D.TLC

D.TLC


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