Frequency Distribution Terms

Steps to create a frequency table

1. Determine the highest score and the lowest score. 2. Create two columns; table the first with the variable name, and label the second "frequency." 3. Determine and list the full range of values that encompasses all the scores in the data set, from highest to lowest. Include all values in he range even those for which the frequency is "0." 4. Count the number of scores at each value and write those numbers in the frequency column. 5. Determine the number of intervals and create the range intervals.

Histograms

A graph that looks like a bar graph but depicts just one variable, usually based on scale data, with the values of the variable on the x-axis and the frequency on the y-axis. Each bar reflects the frequency for a value or an interval.

Grouped Frequency Table

A visual depiction of data that reports frequencies within a given interval rather than the frequencies for a specific value. INTERVAL here means a range of values, rather than an interval variable that has equal distances between values.

Frequency Table

A visual depiction of data that shows how often each value occurred; that is how many scores were at each value. Values are listed in the second column. Frequency tables help organize and display data in an easy to read format that include values, the frequencies and usually their percentages. Once organized int a table, data can be displayed as a grouped frequency table, a histogram or frequency polygon. Example of Two value scores: Frequency distribution can display the pattern of the data scores the pacing indices, from the excerpted list of tv shows.

Calculate Percentage

Add the column with the variable name then device by the number of a certain value by the total number of the frequency ( for example: 1 out 80 top 10 countries had 10 top finishes: 1/80 (100) = 1.250) for each of the ranges. For example, take the frequency total divided by the interval frequency value then multiply by 100 to get the percentage.

Frequency Distribution

Describes the pattern of of a set of numbers by displaying a count or proportion for each possible value of a variable.

Examples of Graphs and Charts

Pie chart, line graph, scatterplot, and histogram.

Standard Grouped Frequency Table

Step 1. find the highest and lowest scores in the frequency distribution. Step 2. Get the full range of data. Round decimal places to the nearest whole number. Subtract the lowest whole number from the highest whole number, then add ONE (+1) to get the full range of data. Step 3. Determine the number of intervals and the best interval size. 5-10 is the the recommendation. Step 4. Figure out the number that will be the bottom of the lowest interval. i.e., for 9 intervals of a size 5 the lowest will be 5. Step 5. Finish the table by listing the intervals from highest to lowest and then counting the numbers of scores in each. See page 30.

Raw Score

data point that has not yet been transformed or analyzed.

Frequency Polygons

is a line graph with the x-axis representing values (or midpoints of intervals) and the y-axis representing frequencies; a dot is placed at the frequency for each value (midpoint) and the dots are connected. These are made exactly like histograms but instead of constructing bars dots are drawn and connected.. BASED ON GROUPED FREQUENCY: Midpoints of intervals are placed on the x-axsis.