function of integumentary system

loss of superficial epidermis that does not extend to dermis; depressed, moist area

erosion

ruptured vesicles, scratch marks

erosion

Beau's Line

are transverse depressions in the nail that may reflect retarded growth of the nail matrix because of severe illness or more commonly local trauma.

aged skin, arterial insufficiency

atrophy

thin, dry, transparent appearance of epidermis; loss of surface markings; secondary to loss of collagen and elastin; underlying vessels may be visible

atrophy

The nurse is caring for a client who has had emphysema for 10 years. When performing a fingernail assessment, what does the nurse anticipate the client's nails will be documented as? a) Brittle b) Concave c) Discolored d) Clubbing

clubbing

Which of the following is the term for the transfer of heat from the body to a cooler object in contact with it? a) Evaporation b) Conduction c) Radiation d) Lichenification

conduction

dried residue of serum, blood, or pus on skin surface; scab

crust

residue left after vesicle rupture: impetigo, herpes,eczema

crust

encapsulated fluid-filled or semisolid mass in the subcutaneous tissue or dermis

cyst

sebaceous cyst, epidermoid cyst

cyst

hypertrophied scar tissue secondary to excessive collagen formation during healing; elevated, irregular

keloid

elevated palpable, solid mass with circumscribed border

Papule, plaque

The nurse notes several very small, round, red and purple macules on a patient's skin. The patient has a history of anticoagulant use. The nurse records this finding as which of the following? a) Petechiae b) Telangiectasias c) Cherry angiomas d) Ecchymoses

Petechiae

The nurse examines a patient and notices a herpes simplex/zoster skin lesion. How does the nurse document this lesion? a) Papule b) Macule c) Wheal d) Vesicle

Vesicle

Which of the following are yellowish waxy deposits on the upper and lower eyelids? a) Xerosis b) Dyschromia c) Neurodermatitis d) Xanthelasma

Xanthelasma

A client has a rash on the arm that has been treated with an antibiotic without eradicating the rash. What type of examination can be used to determine if the rash is a fungal rash using ultraviolet light? a) Potassium hydroxide test b) A Wood's light examination c) Skin biopsy d) Fungal culture

a wood's light examination

chapped lips or hands, tinea pedis

fissure

linear crack in the skin that may extend to dermis

fissure

-erosion -ulcer -fissure -scales -crust -scar, cicatrix -keloid -atrophy -lichenification

secondary lesions

thickening and roughening of the skin or accentuated skin markings that may be secondary to repeated rubbing, irritation, scratching

lichenification

contact dermatitis

linchenification

Which of the following is a factor that causes wrinkles among older adults? a) Decrease in the production of estrogen b) Decrease in melanin c) Decrease in sebum d) Loss of the subcutaneous tissue

loss of subcutaneous tissue

Flat, nonpalpable skin color change

macule , patch

freckles, flat moles, petechia, rubella, vitiligo, port wine stains, ecchymosis

macule, patch

The nurse is preparing to perform a Wood's light examination. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to do? a) Protect the patient from the light. b) Obtain samples of the lesion by scraping. c) Apply a special dye to the area. d) Make sure that the room is darkened.

make sure the room is darkened

elevated, palpable, solid mass that extends deeper into dermis than a papule

nodule, tumor

lipoma, squamous cell carcinoma, poorly absorbed injections, dermatofibroma, larger lipoma, carcinoma

nodule, tumor

skin mark left after healing of a wound or lesion; represents replacement by connective tissue of the injured tissue. colors varies

scar

elevated nevi, warts, lichen planus, psoriasis, actinic keratosis

papule, plaque

-macule, patch -papule, plaque -Nodule, tumor -vesicle, bulla -wheal -pustule cyst

primary lesions

acne, impetigo, furucles, carbuncles

pustule

pus-filled vesicle or bulla

pustule

dandruff, psoriasis, dry skin, pityriasis rosea

scales

flakes secondary to desquamated, dead epithelium that may adhere to skin surface, color and texture varies

scales

healed wound or surgical incision

scar

skin loss extending past epidermis; necrotic tissue loss; bleeding and scarring possible

ulcer

stasis ulcer of venous insufficiency, pressure ulcer

ulcer

circumscribed, elevated, palpable mass containing serous fluid

vesicle, bulla

herpes simplex/zoster, varicella, poison ivy, 2nd degree burn (blister), pemphigus, contact dermatitis, large burn blisters, bullous impetigo

vesicle, bulla

elevated mass with transient borders; often irregular; size and color vary. caused by movement of serous fluid into the dermis; does not contain free fluid in a cavity

wheal

uricaria ( hives) , insect bites

wheal