Fundamentals of Nursing EAQs Ch. 21 Ethnicity and Culture

A patient uses one-word answers and broken English phrases during an interview with the nurse. As a result, the nurse is unable to understand the patient's concerns. Which action should the nurse take?

Arrange for an intrepreter

The nurse asks a Chinese-American patient who was recently diagnosed with hypertension if he is limiting his sodium intake as directed. The patient does not make eye contact with the nurse but nods his head yes. Which action should the nurse take next?

Ask the patient how much salt he is consuming each day.

Which action by the nurse demonstrates unbiased and culturally sensitive care to a patient?

Asking the dietitian to remove pork from the diet of a Muslim patient

Which initial action should the nurse take to provide effective cultural care in a community setting?

Asses patients in their normal environment.

The nurse is unable to confirm that a rash on a dark-skinned patient is due to an allergic reaction. Which action should the nurse take?

Assess the patient in direct sunlight.

A 5-year-old African child is adopted by an American couple and slowly adapts to American society. Which process is this known as?

Assimilation

Which action by the nurse demonstrates prejudicial behavior?

Assuming that all patients of Asian descent are materialistic

To enhance cultural awareness, nursing students need to make an in-depth self-examination of which attributes?

Background, recognizing personal biases and prejudices

The nurse observes that an elderly Hispanic patient frequently nods his head and consistently says, "OK. I understand," while learning about the medication schedule. Which conclusion would the nurse make regarding the patient's behavior?

The patient may not have comprehended what was taught

Which patient demonstrates acculturation?

A Korean student in the United States who observes both Thanksgiving and traditional ancestral spirituality

The nurse is assessing an Asian patient with arthritis. The patient asks the nurse about the benefits of alternative therapies for arthritis. Which response made by the nurse would demonstrate ethnocentrism?

"Alternative therapies are not as useful as current Western therapies."

A nurse is assessing patients with different cultural backgrounds. Which actions would the nurse perform to obtain a systematic cultural assessment? Select all that apply.

- Establish trusting relations with the patient. - Obtain information with open-ended questions. - Gather area demographic information from census data.

Which actions does the transcultural nurse take to improve culturally congruent care? Select all that apply.

- Identifies cultures that are frequently neglected or may be misunderstood - Understands the culture-specific health practices of patients in their care - Studies patient-related cultural care symbols and their possible meanings - Uses the "emic" perspective to understand transcultural health concerns

Which phrases about culture are accurate? Select all that apply.

- Includes laws, morals, and customs - Involves one's unconscious thoughts - Visible to people outside the culture

According to Haviland, which structural elements help strengthen a patient's culture? Select all that apply.

- Infrastructure - Social structure - Superstructure

The nurse is developing a transcultural care plan for an Asian patient who identifies with both his native and American culture. Which components would the nurse incorporate in order to provide culturally congruent care? Select all that apply.

- Obtaining knowledge of the patient's health beliefs - Self-examining his or her own culture - Being open and accepting of cultural differences

A nurse is caring for a Hindu Asian patient who is hospitalized following an incidence of high blood pressure. Which actions are required when developing a diet plan for this patient? Select all that apply.

- Provide culturally sensitive teaching brochures. - Refer the patient to a dietitian who is familiar with the patient's food choices. - Develop a diet plan that includes the patients' cultural diet preferences.

Which assessment data influence patient-centered care?

Cultural beliefs

A nursing student is doing a community health rotation in an inner-city public health department. The student investigates sociodemographic and health data of the people served by the health department and detects disparities in health outcomes between the rich and poor. Which phrase best describes this disparity?

Influence of socioeconomic factors in morbidity and mortality

Which assessment finding is a symbolic aspect of culture for a patient?

Language

Which patient data will the nurse consider while preparing a care plan for a Jehovah's Witness patient?

Preferences

A nurse is conducting an interview of a Portuguese patient with the assistance of an interpreter. The nurse speaks to the interpreter directly and maintains eye contact. The interpreter then translates the information for the patient. Which statement describes the communication pattern being used by the nurse?

It is inappropriate as the nurse is not speaking to the patient directly.

A patient tells the nurse, "I don't want any Western medicines because they contain too many chemicals. I prefer folk medicine because it has no side effects." The nurse informs the patient that all folk medicine is harmful because it contains poisonous herbs. Which statement describes the nurse's behavior?

The nurse lacks cultural competence.

The nurse is explaining the need for long-term calcium therapy to a patient. The patient tells the nurse, "I feel good now so I don't think I need to continue the therapy." How should the nurse interpret this statement?

The patient exhibits present-time orientation.

A 46-year-old woman from Bosnia came to the United States 6 years ago. Although she did not celebrate Christmas when she lived in Bosnia, she celebrates Christmas with her family now. This woman has experienced assimilation into the culture of the United States because she took which action?

Adapted to and adopted the American culture

A nurse is caring for a patient who is a devout Muslim. The nurse enters the patient's room to administer a scheduled intravenous medication; however, the nurse finds the patient preparing for namaz (prayers). Which action by the nurse is acceptable?

Allow the patient to pray and come back later to administer the medication.

Which culture-specific health practice is likely to be seen in a patient of Latino descent?

Classification of treatments as hot or cold therapies

A nurse develops a nursing diagnosis for a patient. Which factor can cause a culturally insensitive diagnosis?

Cultural bias

The nurse assumes that an Asian patient with bruises on the back is experiencing abuse. However, the patient does not look scared and speaks to the nurse confidently. Which further assessment should help the nurse best understand the patient's condition?

Health care practices

Which nursing action acts as a barrier to the patient-nurse relationship?

Stereotyping

When interviewing a Native American patient upon admission to the hospital, which culturally sensitive questions would the nurse ask? Select all that apply.

- "Do you use any folk remedies?" - "Do you have a family physician?" - "Do you use a shaman?"

Which questions would the nurse include in an assessment using the Transcultural Assessment Model? Select all that apply.

- "What is your role in the family unit?" - "What illnesses or diseases are common in your family?" "When you communicate with coworkers and others, how close do you stand?" Correct 5 "If you have something important to discuss with your family, how do you approach them?"

A nurse is caring for a middle-aged Hindu Asian patient following an incidence of high blood pressure. The nurse understands the ethnicity of the patient and asks questions for cultural assessment. Which questions point out bicultural ecology and health risks? Select all that apply.

- "What other problems do you have?" - "How do you treat this problem at home?" - "How has the problem affected you and your family?"

Which food items should likely be avoided in the diet plan for a Muslim patient? Select all that apply.

- Bacon - Marshmallows

Which actions does the nurse take to become culturally competent? Select all that apply.

- Consider patient's preferences when developing care plans. - Overcome cultural prejudices, biases, and personal beliefs. - Recognize personal attitudes toward patients from other cultures. - Improve professional cross-cultural communication skills.

Which precautions should the nurse take to prevent ethnocentrism while providing care to a patient? Select all that apply.

- Consider the patient's preferences while planning care. - Do not consider one's culture and practices as superior. - Recognize the relevance of the patient's health practices. - Obtain knowledge of current transcultural care practices.

Which professional nursing actions does Madeleine Leininger suggest to promote patient-centered care? Select all that apply.

- Cultural maintence - Cultural care repatterning - Cultural care accommodation

During an assessment of a patient, the nurse finds that the patient speaks a different language and that an interpreter is needed. Which technique would the nurse use to communicate with this patient? Select all that apply.

- Introduce herself to the patient. - Observe the patients' nonverbal and verbal behaviors. - Ask the interpreter to ask the patient for feedback and clarification.

The nurse is learning about the impact of different cultures on nursing. Which statements describe the benefits of culturally congruent care? Select all that apply.

- It will help the nurse interpret the needs of the patient who belongs to a different culture. - It will help the nurse identify the similarities and differences of various patients across different cultures. - It will help the nurse deliver the specific kind of health care that is expected from patients who belong to a different culture.

A nurse is explaining the concept of being culturally competent to another nurse. Which terms are components of cultural competence? Select all that apply.

- Knowledge - Attitudes - Beliefs - Skills - Encounters

A patient is admitted to the hospital. Which characteristics would help the nurse identify the ethnicity of the patient? Select all that apply.

- Language - Geographical space

A nurse finds that an Asian patient has assimilated into the American culture. Which unique characteristics of the patient's culture may be altered in the process of assimilation? Select all that apply.

- Language - Values - Customs

A nurse is caring for a middle-aged Hindu Asian patient following an incidence of high blood pressure. After reviewing the patient data, the nurse concludes that the patient's health care practices and health care needs are not congruent. Which action by the nurse should provide culturally congruent care? Select all that apply.

- Negotiate for a change in his cultural practices. - Preserve the patient's values relevant to maintaining his health. - Modify the patient's lifestyle to develop a beneficial health care pattern.

A nurse is developing a transcultural care plan for an Asian patient who identifies with both his native and American culture. Which nursing actions are required for providing culturally congruent care? Select all that apply.

- Obtain the patient's health beliefs. - Self-examine his or her own culture. - Assess cultural and biophysical factors that influence treatments.

A Japanese patient is admitted to the hospital after a fall. The patient doesn't understand English. Which action can the nurse take to promote communication? Select all that apply.

- Provide language assistance to the patient. - Ask a nurse who speaks Japanese to assist.

A nurse is caring for a Muslim patient who is recovering from a motor vehicle accident. The nurse understands that a high-protein diet is important for the patient's wounds to heal; however, the patient is following Ramadan. When constructing a diet plan for this patient, which factors should the nurse consider? Select all that apply.

- Reschedule meals - Respect the cultural beliefs and assure the patient that medical needs will be taken care of.

Which terms are the basic elements of culture? Select all that apply.

- Shared - Learned - Symbolic - Integrated

Which precautions does the nurse take while interacting with a patient from a different culture? Select all that apply.

- Speaks with the patient in a slower speech pattern - Refrains from speaking loudly when with the patient - Asks questions and seeks feedback from the patient - Does not incorporate humor, jargon, and slang phrases

The nurse is assessing a patient with an Asian background. The nurse notices that the patient has assimilated into mainstream American culture. Which behaviors by the patient led to this conclusion? Select all that apply.

- The patient has U.S. citizenship - The patient speaks fluent English. - The patient has adopted Christianity

Which measures should the nurse adopt to ensure effective communication when caring for a non-English-speaking patient? Select all that apply.

- Understand cultural and language differences. - Avoid interpreting based on personal cultural beliefs. - Provide written information in the primary language.

The nurse observes that a 2-year-old American child slowly grows into the American society that the child lives in. What is this process of socialization into one's primary culture known as?

Enculturation

A registered nurse is admitting a patient of French heritage to the hospital. Which question asked by the nurse indicates that the nurse is stereotyping the patient?

"Do you bathe and use deodorant more than one time a week?"

After speaking to a patient with depression, the nurse observes that the patient is experiencing discrimination. Which patient statement helped the nurse arrive at this conclusion?

"My boss fired me when I admitted that I'm gay."

Which statement describes the difference between assimilation and acculturation?

Acculturation refers to distinct cultures exchanging features; assimilation involves the merging of cultures.

Which factor is required in the delivery of culturally congruent care?

Acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes

The nurse is planning an educational program for an immigrant population. Which nursing action will enhance the effectiveness of the program?

Developing cross-cultural linguistic competencies

A nurse is caring for a Hispanic male who has tattoos all over his body. The nurse tells her coworker, "I guarantee you this patient is a drug dealer." This statement can be described as which term or phrase?

Discrimination

A 2-month-old child from Guatemala was adopted by an American family in Indiana. Which term best describes the child's socialization into the American Midwestern culture?

Enculturation

A Jamaican immigrant has been late to the last two clinic visits, which in turn had to be rescheduled. Which nursing action is most appropriate to help prevent the patient from being late to the next appointment?

Explore what has prevented the patient from being at the clinic in time for the appointment.

Which advice from an experienced nurse will help a new graduate nurse enhance cultural competency?

Obtain sufficient knowledge about a patient's cultures and beliefs.

An older Chinese woman is admitted to the hospital after a hip fracture. The nurse encourages the patient to walk about the room; however, the patient refuses to walk without her son. Which action by the nurse is culturally congruent?

Respect the patient's wish and ask her to walk when her son is present.

A Muslim patient refuses to eat the pork that was served on his dinner tray. Which statement offers an explanation for this?

The nurse has failed to plan culturally congruent care.

Why would a nurse apply generalizations while assessing a patient?

To anticipate certain patient behaviors