gas exchange and deoxygenation
a nurse is discussing atrial fibrillation with a newly licensed nurse. what statement by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding
"Atrial fibrillation is caused by electrical signals that come from the ventricles"
a nurse is provided new teaching for a client who has a new prescription for a continuous positive airway device (CPAP) machine to treat obstructive sleep apnea. what statement should the nurse include
"Cover your nose with the CPAP mask"
a nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for an incentive spirometer. what instruction should the nurse include
"Use the incentive spirometer every hour while awake"
Nasal trumpet
AKA nasal airway; a flexible catheter made of rubber or latex that is placed into the nose when clients need frequent suctioning
What is the formula to calculate cardiac output
Cardiac Output= Stroke volume x Heart rate
a nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. the nurse should identify which is an expected finding
Clubbing of the fingers
What is left sided heart failure, and what are manifestations of the diseases
Left sided heart failure affects the left ventricle. The heart is unable to pump blood to the rest of the body. During physical activity, may experience hypoxia, crackles, SOB or coughing
Two types of valvular dysfunctions
Regurgitation and Stenosis
What is right sided heart failure, and what the manifestations of the diseases
Right sided heart failure affects the right ventricle. The heart is unable to pump blood to the lungs. Manifestations include edema in genitals, organs, or abdomen
a nurse is caring for a client who has atelectasis. the nurse should identify that which substance is required to keep the client's alveoli from collapsing and causing atelectasis
Surfactant
How often should nurse encourage the client to use the incentive spirometer
Teach client to do 10 repetitions per house and hold breath 3-5 seconds during each repitition
Preload
The amount of blood left in the left ventricle at the end of diastole, which causes the ventricles to stretch
Ventilation
The flow of air inside or outside of the alveoli. Oxygen is transported into the alveoli and carbon dioxide is taken out
Perfusion
The flow of blood driven by the cardiopulmonary system into the alveolar capillaries
Afterload
The force that occurs when the heart ejects blood from the left ventricle
Treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
a CPAP device is a machine with either a mask or nosepiece. delivers constant air flow and create positive pressure. keeps alveoli open and improve amount of oxygen to different tissues
a nurse is planning to care for a group of clients on a cardiopulmonary unit. what clients should the nurse plan to see first
a client who reports dyspnea when walking to the bathroom
a nurse is obtaining a health history from a client. what findings should the nurse identify as risk factors (Select all that apply) a diet high in saturated fats history of overactive bladder history of smoking for 25 years sedentary lifestyle waist circumference of 84 cm (33in)
a diet high in saturated fats history of smoking for 25 years sendentary lifestyle
a nurse is suctioning a tracheostomy using an open system. what action should the nurse take
administer 100% oxygen before the procedure
a nurse is discussing ventilation and perfusion with a newly licensed nurse. the nurse should include in the discussion that the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occur where
alveoli
What are the expected respirations for an adult while resting
between 12 and 20 breaths per minute
Why is oxygen safety important when used in the home
can be highly combustible in presence of certain materials.
A Nurse is caring for a client who has left sided heart failure. What should the nurse expect
crackles in the lungs
a nurse is preforming chest percussion therapy on a client. what actions should the nurse take
listen for hollow sound when preforming chest percussion therapy
a nurse is caring for a client who has a chest tube. what action should the nurse take
monitor the client for subcutaneous emphysema
a nurse is auscultating a clients heart sounds and hears a low pitched whooshing or blowing sound over the apex of the heart. this indicates
murmur
a nurse is caring for a client that requires 1 L of oxygen. what oxygen device should the nurse use
nasal cannula
a nurse is assessing a client who has been discharged. nurse notes client has regular and quiet breathing. the nurse should identify this breathing pattern as
normal breathing
a nurse is caring for a client who has a history of asthma and is wheezing. what actions should the nurse take first
obtain oxygen saturation
What is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
partial or complete closure of the upper airway that occurs during sleep. accompanied by apneic episodes that may last longer that 10 seconds
a nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for home oxygen. which of the following should the nurse include (Select all that apply) post a no smoking sign attach oxygen containers to fixed objects store spare oxygen containers in a closet notify the fire department that oxygen is in use ensure oxygen tubing is no longer than 60 feet
post a no smoking sign attach oxygen containers to fixed objects notify the fire department
Absence of tidaling in a chest tube is an indication of what two things
reexpanded lung or an occlusion
a nurse is assessing a client who is receiving oxygen therapy. the nurse should identify which finding indicates toxicity
ringing in the ears
a nurse is caring for a client who requires 7 L of oxygen to maintain oxygen saturation. what oxygen delivery device should the nurse expect to use
simple face mask
a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving supplemental oxygen for hypoxia. the nurse should identify that what can cause hypoxia
smoke inhalation
a nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has heart disease and a narrow valve. what finding should the nurse expect
stenosis
a nurse is planning to measure cardiac output of a client who had a myocardial infarction. what data should the nurse use to calculate cardiac output
stroke volume
a nurse is teaching a new licensed nurse about pulmonary function. the nurse should include which of the following is the vital capacity
the maximum volume of air that is expired after a maximum inspiration