Genetics Chapter 2 Questions

A fat molecule with attached phosphate groups depicted as a head with two parallel tails is a ____

phospholipid

A cell can be rapidly and neatly dismantled into membrane-enclosed pieces that a phagocyte can mop up through the process of _____

Apoptosis

How do mitosis and cytokinesis differ?

Mitosis divides the DNA while cytokinesis divides the rest of the cell contents.

The understanding of how a healthy body works, as well as what can cause the symptoms of illness, can be gained by the study of the trillions of _____ that make up the body.

Cells

The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events starting with glucose consumption and ending with ATP production. T or F

False

Following mitosis, the cell resumes the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates which contribute to building the extra plasma membrane required to surround the two new cells formed from the original one. This phase is called the _______ phase of interphase.

G1

The form of cell division that produces sperm or eggs is called __

Meiosis

In the cell cycle, DNA replication occurs during the ___ phase of interphase.

S

The structure formed of microtubules that will pull chromosomes apart during mitosis is called the mitotic ___

Spindle

identify the functions of organelles.

They provide energy. They dismantle debris. They secrete substances.

The human microbiome consists of ___

bacterial cells. fungal cells. protozoan cells viruses.

One of the functions of saclike organelles is that they sequester______ that could harm other cellular constituents.

biochemicals

After DNA replication, each chromosome consists of two copies joined at the ___

centromere

Everything but the nucleus, organelles, and the outer boundary in a cell is known as the ___

cytoplasm

The structure that helps to maintain the cell's shape, anchors the organelles, and allows the cell and its organelles to move is the ___

cytoskeleton

A specialized characteristic of a cell, as opposed to a basic life function, emerges when the cell ___

expresses different subsets of genes

Identify the stages of the cell cycle

interphase and mitosis

The production of cells that have half the amount of genetic material that somatic cells do is the end result of ____

meiosis