Geography 1010 - Chapter 13: Streams and flooding

Which of the following features is NOT formed by stream deposition? a floodplain a waterfall a delta broad plains next to a braided stream

a waterfall

What is a stream's discharge rate if it has a width of 10 meters, a depth of 2 meters, and a velocity of 2 meters per second? (Equation = width x depth x mps) 40 cubic meters per second 120 cubic meters per second 14 cubic meters per second 22 cubic meters per second 400 cubic meters per second

40 cubic meters per second

Which of the features on this aerial photograph is a point bar?

A

Which of the following is true about how a stream erodes material? Abrasion is concentrated on the upstream side of obstructions. Erosion occurs equally on two sides of a bend. Turbulence of the water is less important than the temperature, which affects viscosity. Water cannot erode unless it is carrying sediment. All of these.

Abrasion is concentrated on the upstream side of obstructions.

What typically happens when tributaries join the main river? the amount of discharge increases total sediment load increases water velocity increases channel size increases All of these.

All of these.

Which of the following can have a significant effect on a river? changes in climate types of bedrock in the river rises and drops in sea level tectonics All of these.

All of these.

At which site along this stream would a cut bank form?

C

Which of the features on this aerial photograph is an oxbow lake?

C

Which of the following accompanies urbanization (replacing farms and open areas with cities)? Runoff becomes more spread out in time, increasing the amount of flooding. Runoff becomes more spread out in time, reducing the amount of flooding. The discharge pattern of streams in the area does not change. Runoff occurs more quickly and produces a higher peak flow. None of these.

Runoff occurs more quickly and produces a higher peak flow.

Which of the following statements about streams is NOT true? Base level is the lowest elevation to which a stream can erode. Streams typically do not respond to a change in climate. A steep stream high above base level generally will be eroding its channel. Some streams can simply transport material instead of eroding or depositing material.

Streams typically do not respond to a change in climate.

What can you conclude by comparing the left and right hydrographs, each of which depict the same amount of time? The left diagram has a higher peak discharge. Neither graph shows a true flood. The right diagram represents a quicker event, like a flash flood. None of these.

The left diagram has a higher peak discharge.

Which of the following is a condition favoring deposition of sediment? an increase in the salt content of the water an increase in turbulence of the water a decrease in gradient of the stream a decrease in grain size as a clast breaks into two pieces an increase in water velocity

a decrease in gradient of the stream

What type of stream is shown in this photograph? braided stream a stream whose main channel has high sinuosity an esker meandering stream

braided stream

Which of the following is NOT associated with braided streams? a broad sediment-covered plain a range of sediment sizes, including sand and gravel cutoff meanders an abundant supply of sediment

cutoff meanders

Which of the following is properly called a flood? if water spreads out over the floodplain when water is 1 meter below the top of the channel when a meander is cut off and forms a lake when the entire bottom of the channel is covered with water

if water spreads out over the floodplain

Bedrock and sediment in a stream is most susceptible to erosion if it is located in a turbulent part of the river. in slow-moving water in an eddy. in a site that is sheltered from oncoming clasts. composed entirely of large clasts that affect stream flow.

located in a turbulent part of the river.

What type of stream is shown in this figure?

meandering stream

Which of the following features are generally NOT associated with mountain streams and rivers? meanders rapids waterfalls canyons incised into bedrock

meanders

Which of the following sediment sizes is likely to be transported mostly on the bottom of the stream bed? fine sand dissolved materials sticky clay particles pebbles and cobbles

pebbles and cobbles

Which of the following features can be formed by deposition along a low-gradient stream? oxbow lake cutbank point bar None of these.

point bar