Geography chapter 3
Exlain the physiography of the North Central Massifs
The Abay, Tekeze and their tributaries have cut into this region a maze of gorges, steep sided river valleys, dividing the land into many isolated plateau blocks, precipitous tablelands and other rugged surface forms. But much of these plateau and tablelands are still capped by the Trappean lava. In its central part, the physiographic unit also accommodates the Lake Tana basin surrounded by plains of Fogera and Dembia in the north and an upland plain in its south.
What are the well known mountains Arsi Highlands
The Arsi Highlands are made up of flat rolling uplands and dissected mountains. The well known mountains in this area are Mount Kaka (4,180 m.a.s.l), Mount Bada (4,139 m.a.s.l) and Mount Chilalo (4,036 m.a.s.l).
Read it I can't seem to fit it in a question
The Ghibe/Omo lowland, which includes the lower Ghibe/Omo Valley and the northern section of the Turkana basin, is classified in the Western lowlands from its geographical location. But structurally it also belongs to the Rift Valley. It is an area, which is both faulted and tectonically depressed.
The Tigray plateau is separated from the Eritrean plateau by?
The Mereb River.
Location of the shewan plateau
The Shewan plateau is bounded by the Rift Valley in the east and southeast, by the Abay gorge in its northern and western limit, and the Omo gorge in the south and west. This plateau occupies a central geographical position in Ethiopia.
the land gradually descends southeastward into the southeastern lowlands and then to the plains of Somalia. These are further subdivided into two units of highlands and two units of extensive lowlands. These are briefly discussed as follows Which physiological feature does this
The Southeastern Highlands and Lowlands
------------------ road constructed to link the northwestern region with Asseb through Woldya and Dessie took advantage of this land bridge.
The Woreta-Debre Tabor-Woldya
The economic potential for southeastern lowland
The economic potential for this region includes animal husbandry, irrigation, agriculture and perhaps exploitation of petroleum and natural gas
What are the well known mountains Bale Highlands(highest)
The highest mountain peaks in this region are Tulu-Demtu (4,377 m.a.s.l) and Mount Batu (4,307 m.a.s.l).
What is the Highest mountain in The Hararghe Plateau and the tributaries that drain it
The left-bank tributaries of Wabishebelle drain it. The highest mountain here is Mount Gara-Muleta (3,381 m.a.s.l).
-------------------------- have cut deep gorges and steep sided river valleys. They have created several tablelands and isolated plateau units in the north. (shewan plateau)
The tributaries of Abay-Guder, Muger, Jema etc.
The Hararghe Plateau
this plateau is a north-easterly extension of the south-eastern highlands. It extends from the Chercher highlands in the south-west to Jigjiga in the east. It makes up 38% of the South Eastern highlands and 17.4% of the whole physiographic region. It has the smallest proportion of upper highland (>2,000 meters). It is a low lying and elongated region.
----------% of the area of the whole physiographic region, the Shewa Plateau is the smallest of the Western highlands. Nearly ---------% of its area is at an altitude of more than 2,000 meters above sea level. It has, therefore, the largest proportion of elevated ground.
11% 75%
It constitutes about--------------of the area of the region. It is an elongated highland with most of the land being in between ----------------- meters above sea level. (Tigray plateau)
13% 1000-2000m
58% of the north central massifs is at an altitude of more than------m it ranks -------------next to--------------when it comes to altitude
2000m 2nd shewan Plateau
There are high mountains in this plateau with elevations of over --------------------m (Tigray plateau)
3000m Mount Tsibet (3988 m.a.s.l), Mount Ambalage (3291 m.a.s.l), and Mount Assimba (3248 m.a.s.l) The famous monastery at Debre-Damo, a tableland that can only be climbed by a rope pulley
True/False All western lowlands are characterized by arid/semi-arid conditions
False Baro is an exception
True or false southeastern lowlands are densly populated
False Because of the harsh climatic conditions, these lowlands are little used and support very small population. They are sparsely inhabited by pastoral and semi-pastoral communities.
Long period of denudation has created residual features of --------------, ---------, and ----------------. (Tigray plateau)
Granite hills Rugged topography Ambas
The Mountain systems in Gonder and Gojjam are separated from the eastern group of mountains in Wello by--------------------though, they are connected by)------------------------
Impenetrable deep gorges Yeju-walda delanta land bridge(ridge)
Exlain the physiography of the western highland and lowland
In the east the western escarpment of the Rift Valley bound it whereas westward, the land gradually descends in altitude until it merges into the western foothills and lowlands, along the Sudan and South Sudan border.
How large is the southwestern highlands
It accounts for 22.7% of the area of the region. The region is the second largest in the Western highlands. About 70% of its area is lies within 1,000-2,000 meters altitude.
How long does the western highland and lowland extend to
It extends from north to south encompassing nearly the whole western half of Ethiopia.
The Tigray Plateau extends from........................to................................
It extends from the tekeze gorge in the south to central Eritrean highlands
which tributaries are resposible for the drainage of the southwestern plateau
It is drained by Dabus, Deddessa (tributaries of Abay), Baro, Akobo and the Ghibe/Omo rivers.
Where is the Tigray Plateau located
It lies to the southeast of the upper course of the Mereb/Gash River and to the northeast of Tekeze River Gorge. The right bank tributaries of tekeze drain this plateau
Yeju-walda delanta land bridge(ridge) has been significant in history because?
It served as a route of penetration by the Turks, Portuguese, and Italians etc.
Where is the prominent feature in the sidamo highlands
Jemjem plateau, an important coffee growing area
The highest mountain in the Shewan plateau are?
Mount Abuye-Meda (4,000 m.a.s.l) in Northern Shewa, Mount Guraghe in the south is 3,721 meters high
Where is it located? (North Central Massifs)
Much of its northern and southern limit follows the Abay and Tekeze gorges
What economic activities are dominante in the area( western lowland)
Pastoral or semi-pastoral Rain-fed agriculture Irrigational agriculture
In the Western lowlands, there are small but important towns. What are they?
These are Humera, Metema, Omedla, Kurmuk, Gambella
What are 4 physiographic sub-region of the western lowlands
These are Tekeze lowland, Abay-Dinder lowland, Baro lowland, and Ghibe lowland from north to south
The western lowlands extends from--------to----------------
These are the western foothills and border plains that extend from Western Tigray in the north to southern Gamo-Gofa in the South.
The Arsi-Bale-Sidama Highland
These highlands are found to the east of the Lakes Region. They are located in the south western section of the physiographic region. They make up 28.5% of the area of the region and 62% of the south - Eastern Highlands
How large are the western lowlands
They make 11% of the area of the physiographic region. The general elevation ranges between 500 and 1000 meters above sea level
The southern eastern lowland
They make up 54% of the area of the physiographic region and around one-fifth of the country. This region is divided into Wabishebelle plain (60%) and the Ghenale Plain (40%). They include the plains of Ogaden, Elkere, and Borena. Southeastward sloping plains characterize these lowlands.
North Central Massifs
This Physiographic division is the largest in the western highlands
how large is the Southeastern Highlands and Lowlands
This physiographic region is the second largest in terms of area. It accounts for 37% of the area of Ethiopia. The highlands make up 46% of the physiographic division while the rest is lowland. In the west and north, the eastern escarpment of the Rift Valley makes the western and northern limit.
Where is the western highland and lowland situated
This physiographic unit includes all the area west of the Rift Valley
TRUE/FALSE The Arsi-Bale Highlands are important grains producing areas with still high potential
True
True/false The southwestern plateau is the wettest in Ethiopia
True.
Rivers------------and-------------along with their tributaries have dissected this physiographic region. Specially,----------, tributary of Ghenale, has cut an underground passage (-------------) through the Mesozoic Limestone rocks.
Wabishebelle and Ghenale Weyb River Sof Omar cave(This underground passage is found near the bale mountains)
The Bale highlands are separated from the Arsi highlands by the head and main stream of?
Wabishebelle.
Which mountain is the heighest in the southwestern plateau
With a height of 4,200 meters above sea level, Guge Mountain is the highest peak in this physiographic subdivision.
The southwestern highlands is separated from the adjacent highlands by?
the Abay and Omo river valleys.
The southwestern highlands extends from--------to----------------
the Abay gorge in the north to the Kenya border and Chew Bahir in the south.
The Sidama Highlands are separated from the Bale Highlands by
the Ghenale river valley.
The southwestern highlands Physiographic subdivision consists of
the highlands of Wellega, Illuababora, Jimma, Kaffa, Gamo and Gofa
The region consists of the Gonder, Wello and Gojjam Massifs. Out of the 26 mountain peaks with altitude of more than 4,000m.a.s.l 33 in Ethiopia, 19 mountain peaks are found in this physiographic region. Among these are?
the most popular ones include Mount Ras Dashen (4,620 m.a.s.l), Mount Weynobar/Ancua (4462 m.a.s.l), Mount KidisYared (4453 m.a.s.l), and Mount Bwahit (4437 m.a.s.l) in the Simen Mountain System. Mount Guna (4,231m.a.s.l) in the Debre Tabour Mountain System, Abune Yoseph (4,260 m.a.s.l) in the Lasta highlands of Wello and Mount Birhan (4,154 m.a.s.l) in the Choke Mountain System in Gojjam are also part of Simen Mountain System. These mountains have steep cliffs and rugged terrain that provide scenic views to climber
The Shewa plateau is drained, outward in all directions by?
the tributaries of Abay, Omo, and Awash. It, therefore, forms a water divide for these three river basins.
------------------- have dissected the other sides of the shewan plateau.
the tributaries of Omo and Awash
