Geography Exercises 4-7

The tropical monsoon climate bears a letter classification of ________. A. Am B. Cfa C. BW D. Aw

A. Am

The presence of the cold Humboldt current and the Andes Mountains help to create the coastal ________ Desert A. Mojave B. Gobi C. Sahara D. Atacama

A. Atacama

White frost is simply a cold weather form of ________. A. dew B. hail C. advection fog D. a cloud

A. Dew

The transfer of moisture from land to air is termed ________. A. evapotranspiration B. condensation C. evaporative cooling D. dew point

A. Evapotranspiration

Albedo is the percentage of energy ________ from an object compared to the original amount of energy that struck the object. A. reflected B. emitted C. conducted D. advected

A. Reflected

If air's capacity for holding water vapor is diminished, then the relative humidity will ________. A. rise B. fall C. be unchanged D. double

A. Rise

________ is the critical temperature at which saturation is reached A. The dew point B. Absolute humidity C. The flash point D. Specific humidity

A. The Dew point

Most of the wettest areas around the world are located in the ________. A. Tropics B. continental interiors C. midlatitude west coasts D. Southern Hemisphere

A. Tropics

Presently, the most widely used classification system was derived by ________. A. Wladimir Köppen B. C.W. Thornthwaite C. The National Weather Service of the United States D. The ancient Greeks

A. Wladimir Köppen

Trade winds are found ________. A. at 10° north and south of the Equator B. between 25° north and south of the Arctic Circle C. centered on the longitudinal zone of the prime meridian D. north of the monsoon regions

A. at 10° north and south of the Equator

the pressure of a gas is proportional to its temperature and ________. A. density B. volume of water vapor C. atomic weight D. atomic number

A. density

"Work" is scientifically defined as ________. A. force acting over area B. pressure acting over time C. energy transfer per unit of time D. joules per second

A. force acting over area

The main reason for the occurrence of subtropical deserts around the world is ________. A. locations of anticyclones B. the westerly winds C. the intertropical convergence D. easterly winds

A. locations of anticyclones

Wind speed from the north pole is from ________to_______. A. northeast to southwest B. southwest to northeast C. south to north D. north to south

A. northeast to southwest

In the BS climatic type, the "S" stands for ________. A. steppe B. seasonal C. selva D. savanna

A. steppe

The only major country still using the Fahrenheit scale for temperature determination is ________ A. the U.S.A B. Canada C. Brazil D. Iraq

A. the U.S.A

Overall, the Southern Hemisphere has a milder winter than the Northern Hemisphere because ________. A. there is more water in the Southern Hemisphere B. the days are shorter in the Northern Hemisphere C. ocean currents are almost non-existent in the Southern Hemisphere D. the angles of the sun are different

A. there is more water in the Southern Hemisphere

El Niño is most closely associated with ________. A. weakening of a cold current B. normal weather around the world C. weakening of a stream D. strengthening of a subtropical high

A. weakening of a cold current

_______ processes cause cooling by decompression. A. Conducive B. Adiabatic C. Advective D. Reflective

B. Adiabatic

The midlatitude steppe fits into the Köppen classification as ________. A. Aw B. BSk C. Cwa D. ET

B. BSk

The Bergeron process is also known as the ________ process A. collision/coalescence B. ice crystal formation C. hail D. glaze

B. Ice Crystal Formation

Air containing all of the water vapor it can hold is ________. A. adiabatic B. saturated C. unstable D. convective

B. Saturated

Relative humidity is "relative" to ________. A. evaporation B. Saturation C. temperature D. moisture

B. Saturation

The Kelvin scale is based on ________. A. electromagnetic energy B. absolute zero C. the freezing of water D. latent heat

B. absolute zero

Among cloud types, those that occur at the highest altitudes are the ________. A. stratus B. cirrus C. altocumulus D. cumulus

B. cirrus

The text makes frequent use of ________, which are charts showing average monthly temperatures and precipitation amounts. A. barographs B. climographs C. rain graphs D. weather graphs

B. climographs

Above the influence of friction, most winds follow a(n) ________ A. anticyclonic B. geostrophic C. prevailing D. clockwise

B. geostrophic

Global dimming is caused by ________. A. ozone B. human release of aerosols C. carbon dioxide D. poor scores on physical geography exams

B. human release of aerosols

Which of the following is the force that initially causes the wind to blow? A. geostrophic B. pressure gradient C. Coriolis D. friction

B. pressure gradient

Deserts are arid; steppes are ________. A. temperature B. semiarid C. humid D. adiabatic

B. semiarid

Most of the radiation hitting the Earth from the Sun falls within the ________ part of the spectrum. A. long wave B. short wave C. infrared D. X-ray

B. short wave

The region in which the intertropical convergence can be found is ________. A. the southeastern United States B. the Equator C. central Siberia D. near the North Pole

B. the Equator

If there were no continents and the Earth did not rotate, the surface wind patterns would be simple: Surface winds would blow from ________. A. the south everywhere on Earth B. the North in the Northern Hemisphere C. west to east everywhere on Earth D. the east in the Southern Hemisphere

B. the North in the Northern Hemisphere

A "dynamic low" is produced by ________. A. the strong descent of air B. the strong rise of air C. very cold surface conditions D. very warm surface conditions

B. the strong rise of air

The reason winds exist is ________. A. because air is a mixture of gases B. the unequal heating of the Earth system C. friction D. altitude differences

B. the unequal heating of the Earth system

A small island on the Equator would most likely be classified ________. A. Dfa B. BS C. Af D. E

C. Af

The area most closely associated with D climates is ________. A. Australia B. Central America C. Canada D. the Amazon basin

C. Canada

The energy emitted from the Sun is a product of ________. a. Fission B. Geysers C. Fusion D. radioactive decay

C. Fusion

Solar energy is also known as ________. A. Power B. Convection C. Insolation D. Conduction

C. Insolation

Although several factors are involved, the main factor controlling the distribution of annual average temperature for Earth as a whole is ________. A. Longitude B. Altitude C. Latitude D. ocean currents

C. Latitude

Air that resists vertical movement is said to be ________. A. unstable B. cyclonic C. stable D. anticyclonic

C. Stable

Any buoyant parcel of air is said to exhibit ________. A. stability B. advection C. the moist adiabatic lapse rate D. the dry adiabatic lapse rate

C. The moist adiabatic lapse rate

Gas molecules in the lower atmosphere ________. A. tend to stay at rest B. tend to explode when they collide with each other C. are readily compressed and heated D. infrequently collide with each other

C. are readily compressed and heated

Clouds of vertical development include the type called ________. A. cirrus B. nimbus C. cumulonimbus D. stratus

C. cumulonimbus

Evaporation ________. A. is a process not requiring energy B. releases latent heat in the air C. is a cooling process D. has its greatest rates when the air is already humid

C. is a cooling process

When air is heated it expands and ________. A. burns B. sinks C. lowers its pressure D. contracts

C. lowers its pressure

The basic unit of pressure mapped on weather maps is ________. A. pounds per square inch B. knots C. millibars D. micrometers

C. millibars

Flowing air responding to the difference between higher and lower pressure is responding to the ________. A. Coriolis effect B. anticyclone C. pressure gradient D. intertropical convergence

C. pressure gradient

The reddish tint of the Sun in the late afternoon results from ________. A. condition B. advection C. scattering D. reflection

C. scattering

The "horse latitudes" are zones of minimal winds which are associated with the ________ system A. trade wind B. westerly wind C. subtropical high pressure D. polar easterly wind

C. subtropical high pressure

The rising and subsequent cooling of air at the rate of 10°C per 1,000 meters is called ________. A. supercooling B. the wet adiabatic lapse rate C. the dry adiabatic lapse rate D. the dew point

C. the dry adiabatic lapse rate

The ________ is the boundary between near-surface and cold, deep ocean waters A. Kelvin wave B. tidal wave C. thermocline D. Peru Current

C. thermocline

On which continent is the intertropical convergence furthest from the equator in the summer season? A. Africa B. Europe C. South America D. Asia

D. Asia

The climatic type for the desert areas is ________. A. Am B. Dfa C. Cfa D. BW

D. BW

In the atmosphere, liquid water collects around minute particles called ________. A. raindrops B. fog C. cloud droplets D. condensation nuclei

D. Condensation Nuclei

The longest of all visible light waves are ________. A. Green B. Yellow C. blue D. Red

D. Red

Sinking air that diverges when it reaches Earth's surface is closely associated with ________. A. tornadoes B. the absence of Coriolis effect C. the absence of friction D. anticyclones

D. anticyclones

At which locations are solar energy most concentrated? A. anywhere on Earth, if it is the perihelion B. at places where the angle of incidence is 0° C. where the atmosphere has the most water vapor D. at places where the angle of incidence is 90°

D. at places where the angle of incidence is 90°

A counterclockwise atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere is known as a(n) ________. A. anticyclone B. Coriolis effect C. troposphere D. cyclone

D. cyclone

With respect to absorption of solar radiation, it is understood that ________ are the most efficient absorbers. A. light colors B. stone C. snow D. dark colors

D. dark colors

The three climate zones of the classical Greeks were "torrid," "temperate," and "________." A. equatorial B. warm C. cold D. frigid

D. frigid

The capacity of air to hold water ________. A. is a constant B. decreases as evaporation decreases C. increases as temperature decreases D. increases as temperature increases

D. increases as temperature increases

The altitude at which rising air reaches the dew point temperature is the ________. A. upslope fog B. precipitation level C. isohyet D. lifting condensation level

D. lifting condensation level

Earth's reradiation to space consists mainly of ________. A. gamma rays B. short rays C. ultraviolet rays D. long rays

D. long rays

At Earth's surface, warm temperatures are associated with ________. A. anticyclones B. cyclones C. high pressure D. low pressure

D. low pressure

Liquid converts to gas when ________. A. cooling reaches the dewpoint B. the liquid heats to freezing C. a crystalline structure is created D. molecules break loose from the liquid

D. molecules break loose from the liquid

Which of the following is closely associated with acid rain? A. high pH B. ozone C. the aurora borealis D. motor vehicle exhaust

D. motor vehicle exhaust

Rising air, warmed by the release of latent heat, cools at a rate called ________. A. stability B. the dry adiabatic lapse rate C. the variable lapse rate D. the saturated adiabatic lapse rate

D. the saturated adiabatic lapse rate

A(n) ________ is a linear zone of lower pressure between two areas of high pressure. A. anticyclone B. storm C. cyclone D. trough

D. trough

The Tropics are characterized by a wide variations between temperatures of seasons. True False

False

visible light makes up most parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. True False

False

Conduction comes about through molecular collision. True False

True

Sea level is currently rising because of global warming True False

True

The general circulation of the oceans is a major mechanism for the transfer of energy from the Tropics to the Poles. True False

True