Geography Final - Australia and Oceania

What are the important sectors of Australia's economy?

Natural resources (lumber, mining), Tourism, and Foreign Investment

Australia and Oceania face numerous environmental risks. Describe and assess the severity of these problems.

- Flooding, Tsunamis, Typhoons, -Water levels rising, the islands disappearing - Water pollution - Desertification

Briefly describe the origins and movement of the regions native populations from Southeast Asia.

-Papuan/Aboriginal: said to have migrated from Africa to Australia and then were deported by European colonization -Austronesian: there are theories that people of Taiwan migrated down into SE asia creating multiple austronesian languages that spread west over the indian ocean to as far as madagascar

Pidgin English

A version of English that also incorporates elements of other local languages, often utilized to foster trade and basic communication between different culture groups.

What are the social conditions of Aborigines and Maoris as compared to whites in Australia and New Zealand? How do the social conditions of Aborigines differ from those of Maoris in New Zealand?

Aborigine: are in australia--australia has compensated their native populations Maoris: in NZ--NZ has not compensated their native populations Both affected by european colonization. Similar to what happened in the US with Native Americans. Many were killed, kicked out and displaced. Australia has compensated for the Ab. but NZ has not done much to compensate for Ma.

Outback

Australia's large, generally dry, and thinly settled interior

What is Pidgin English and why is it important?

English mixed with indigenous languages - shows globalization and the influence of Western culture on this region. It is also used to facilitate trade within these regions where people do not speak the same native language.

Viticulture

Grape Cultivation

Briefly describe some of the region's efforts at combating climate change.

Hydroelectric and wind power.

Haole

Light-skinned Europeans or U.S. citizens in the Hawaiian Islands

Kanaka

Melanesian agricultural workers imported to Australia, historically concentrated along Queensland's "Sugar Coast

What is the climate like in Australia?

Mostly Deserts (The outback)

Maori

New Zealand natives

Uncontacted people

People that have not been contacted by the outside world.

Aborigine

Someone who lived there prior to Europeans coming. In Australia, these people were seen as a people without history and a future and that they would soon die out.

What do climate change and nuclear testing have to do with the past and the future of Oceania? Discuss the tensions that exist between indigenous Fijians and the more recent South Asian immigrant population.

South Asia used to use the ocean around this area to test nuclear weapons. This has caused environmental issues as well as health problems from all of the radiation. When South Asians move to Fiji, it causes a culutral mix that creates tension.

Describe the evolution of an island in Oceania from magma welling up at a hot spot through the atoll stage.

The island wells up with the hotspot, then when the hotspot moves, the settles down and the island forms around a lagoon.

Austronesian

a language family that encompasses wide expanses of the Pacific, insular Southeast Asia, & Madagascar

Atoll

a low sandy island made from coral. Atolls are often orientated around a central lagoon. (ex: Maldives)