geology quiz 4

what is the percentage of dissolved salt in seawater

3.5

approximately what percentage of earth's surface is covered with water?

70%

(8) using the following below which of the following lists correctly identifies the various seafloor landforms

A= continental shelf B= continental slope D= continental rise G= abyssal plain C= mid ocean ridge F= trench E= volcanic arc

(23) which letter represents the crest and the trough

C and D

Geological evidence suggests that many millions of years ago, the Amazon basin drained toward the west rather than the east. What caused this drainage rehearsal

The rise of the andes mountains

(9) Using the following continuous sonar data giving the depth of the seafloor, what feature have you just discovered

a mid ocean ridge

Which type of coastline would most likely contain estuaries or fjords?

a submergent coastline

Why is a spring tide so much higher than a normal high tide?

because the sun is aligned with the moon

thermohaline circulation carrie _____ water from the poles to the equator, where the water become _____

cold; warm

The density of seawater increases with ________ in temperature and ________ in salinity.

decreasing; increasing

Compared with continental crust, the oceanic crust is

denser

When sea level rises, the ocean may invade a river valley, producing a nearshore body of water of mixed and variable salinity termed a(n) _____.

estuary

Rip currents ________ the shoreline.

flow directly away from

longshore currents ____ the shoreline

flow parallel to

Because of wave refraction, erosion along an irregular coastline is ________.

greatest along headlands

Ephemeral streams ________

have flowing water either episodically or during a portion of the year

High tide will be ________ during a full moon than normally.

higher

why does a mid ocean ridge sit up higher than the surrounding oceanic crust

hot materials are less dense and expand, thus the new crust will sit higher than the surrounding crust

The form and topography (depth profile) of the ocean floor is termed

less dense

barrier islands are constantly moving in the direction of

longshore drift

sea surface salinity is ____at the mouth of the amazon river and ____ in the dead sea

low; high

Bioturbation is the

mixing of sediment by burrowing organisms

Saline ocean water is ________ dense than fresh water and provides ________ buoyancy to objects floating in it.

more; more

At the equatorial ocean basins, the sea surface temperatures may reach 25 degrees c or higher. what is the range of temperatures for the sea floor, approximately 4-5 km below

near freezing

Runoff is NOT commonly derived from ________.

ocean currents

A wave will disturb the water to a depth equal to

one-half of its wavelength

waves ____

refract so as to impact the shore in a nearly parallel manner

The U-shaped valleys in Kenai Fjords National park in Alaska were created during a(n)

regression

If a sea level continues to rise and covers the city of miami , the florida coast will become a

submergent coast

(15) why is the surface salinity in the tropics so much higher than that of the equator or high latitudes

there is a higher evaporation rate and a lower rate of precipitation in the tropics