GFA 1040 Midterm
Montage
(from the French term for "putting together") describes the connection of individual pieces, whether they be film, music or images into a cohesive whole. It is a filmmaking technique that creates a cinematic collage using a series of shots in combination often accompanied by music.
What is this movie about? Who are the main characters? What genre is this? (Horror, action, romcom, etc) What is the tone? (Dark? Funny? Darkly funny?) What is the pedigree? (Big name actors, award winning director, etc)
A good movie trailer tells us the following things:
Trim Window
Double click on the edit transition in the timeline to bring up the
True
Double clicking with your mouse will bring up the trim window in the program monitor.
To compress time or present compressed narrative information. Juxtaposition- shots to derive new meaning when cut together that did not exist in either shot alone. To show highlights or for commercial purposes- as is used in promos and trailers. Montage in this usage gives the viewer a "best of" - leaving the audience wanting more so they will tune in or buy that movie ticket. Characterized by very fast cuts and pacing set by music.
How can we use montage theory?
In camera In the NLE
How is timecode generated?
True
I can have multiple sequences and therefore multiple edits in my project.
Moscow Film School
One of the foremost professors at the School was Lev Kuleshov, who had begun experimenting with new ways of editing film by 1920. Through his experiments, Kuleshov proved that different meanings could be derived by juxtaposing two shots together.
We are done making edits to the picture and story
Picture lock means:
Setting up a Project
Post- Production Workflow Step 1
Ingest- Time to add assets to our project like footage and audio files.
Post- Production Workflow Step 2
Sync Picture and Sound- If sound and picture were recorded separately (which they often are) we need to synchronize picture and sound before we begin editing the footage.
Post- Production Workflow Step 3
Rough Cut/ Assembly- The first pass at the edit is pretty loose and messy. It's like a pencil sketch of what's to come. Usually we assemble based as best we can on the script, using script notes as a guide. At this point we are trying to look at the big picture and in the next pass we will begin the process of refining our edit.
Post- Production Workflow Step 4
Editorial Revisions- The revision process is long - sometimes very long! We try out new things, shift scenes around, and refine refine the pacing and story beats.
Post- Production Workflow Step 5
Picture Lock- we are done making edits to the picture and story. We still have a long way to go as other departments are able to get to work - they have been waiting on us!
Post- Production Workflow Step 6
Finishing- At this time, the editor will provide the needed files for the colorist, sound designer, sound mixer, composer, and others to complete their work.
Post- Production Workflow Step 7
Output - Once we have all the completed elements approved and in place, we will export the finished project according to what format best suits exhibition.
Post- Production Workflow Step 8
Linear Editing
Pre-1990s film editing was done in linear fashion, where film reels were literally cut into long strips divided by takes and scenes, and then glued or taped back together to create a logical sequence of film.
Low resolution copies of the original media
Proxy files are:
Slide Edit
Shifts a clip in the timeline while trimming adjacent clips to compensate for the move
Davinci, Final Cut Pro, Avid, Premiere Pro
Some common NLE editing systems are:
Prevents me from doing something that will cause video and audio to go out of sync Fixes video and audio that are out of sync Synchronizes multicamera footage with a single audio track
Sync lock on the timeline does which of the following?
Non-Drop Frame
Uses colons. For example-01:24:48:14
Drop Frame
Uses semicolons. For example-01;24:48;14
Master Clips
Video and audio I can use in my edit
Lift
Video/audio is removed from the timeline, leaving gap in its place.
Extract
Video/audio is removed, clips are moved left to close the gap left in its place
As a reference to identify a particular shot or frame in the video. For logging aka ingesting certain parts of the footage and making notes as to what was ingested. To make clear and accurate notes during the editing processFor audio/video synchronization To reference or identify a particular part or frame of video in the sequence being editedand much much more we won't get into here!
What do we use timecode for?
Makes cuts to the film
What does a film splicer do?
To make clear and accurate notes during the editing process For audio/video synchronization To reference or identify a particular part or frame of video in the sequence being edited
What is timecode used for?
The Slate
When using a flatbed editing machine to synchronize picture and sound, what common element is used to determine the sync point on both?
Exhibition
Where will people see it?
SMPTE Drop Frame Non Drop Frame
Which are types of timecode? Choose all that apply:
Soviet Montage Theory
a film movement that took place in Soviet Russia during 1920's and into the early 1930's.The movement is widely known for changing the landscape of film editing around the world.
Timecode
a sequence of numeric codes generated atregular intervals.
SMPTE Timecode
a system defined by the society of Motion Picture and television Engineers that standardizes practices and procedures for film and television.
Compositor
a visual effects artist responsible for compositing images from different sources such as video, film, computer generated 3-D imagery, 2-D animations, and text.
effects tab
add audio effects to individual clips using the
audio clip mixer
adjust the volume of a clip using the
Colorist
adjusts elements such as color temperature, brightness, and contrast to achieve a cohesive visual look from shot to shot. Often applies a particular film look.
Apprentice Editor
an entry-level union position within the editorial department. They assist the assistant editor and editor as instructed, usually handling the cataloging of the film and picking up and dropping off footage.
Story Beat
any time something changes in a scene. Most often this change is emotional but can also be a new piece of information that changes the way we see things.
Visual Effects
artists use software applications and computer programs to generate characters and other visuals for the film or television program. They might create CGI characters for movies or TV shows, produce visuals, or insert graphics in websites or videos.
Picture Editor
assembles the various shots into a coherent story. Executes the vision of the creative team by cutting the film or television program with an emphasis on creating a cohesive, emotionally resonant story that is paced appropriately for the type of project and genre that they are working in.
Source Tracks
can be connected to the timeline track where I would like my video/audio to go when I insert or overwrite clips into the timeline.
Solo button
enables audio to play only from the track I have selected to solo.
Music Editor
help tell the story by placing music to picture. Spots the shows with the producers and composers and music supervisors to decide where the music should go and what purpose it serves. Gets the music approved by the show runners before the mix, prepares all of the music for the mix, makes changes on the stage if needed, and I delivers files to the studios for archiving.
pen tool
keyframe volume changes within a clip using the
Flatbed Editing Machines
like the Steenbeck became the norm beginning in the 1970s. Picture and sound rolls load onto separate motorized disks, called "plates." Each set of plates moves forward or backward separately, or locked together to maintain synchronization between picture and sound. A prism reflects the film image onto a viewing screen, while a magnetic playback head reads the magnetic audio tracks.
Dialogue Editor
listens through the many tracks of production audio, selects the best ones, and arranges them for the re-recording engineer to use in the mix.
Sequence
my edit. I can have multiple and therefore multiple edits in my project.
NLE
n editing software, sequences generatetheir own timecode seperate from theoriginal clip timecode.This timecode is displayed in variousplaces in the ___ and can be "burnedinto" exported video as an overlay.
Lock Track
no changes can be made to locked tracks.
Subclips
part of a master clip
Foley Artist
performs sound effects synced to picture based on movement portrayed by characters, subjects, creatures, and inanimate objects in films.
Logger
prescreens the footage, labels and pulls selections to speed up the editing process for the Assistant Editor and Picture Editor. This job is especially important in projects with a lot of footage like documentary or reality television.
Select all right/left
selects multiple clips at the same time (all clips to the right or left)
Assistant Editor
sets up the project for the Picture Editor and preps for editing. Syncs dailies. Ingests footage and organizes the project. Keeps up with notes and assists the picture editor throughout the cutting process. May add temp sound, music, or visual effects.
Sync Lock
stops me from performing an edit that will cause video and audio to go out of sync
Re-Recording Mixer
takes all the elements of the sound mix — dialogue, music, effects and foley — and balances them to create a realistic, believable, and coherent soundtrack
Synchronizing Picture and Sound
the editor loads one picture roll onto a film plate and its corresponding magnetic roll onto a sound plate. Then they advance the film to find the frame where the two parts of the clapperboard (slate) came together
Insert
this edit adds footage to the timeline by moving other clips out of the way to make room for the new clip
Overwrite
this edit adds footage to the timeline by replacing what is underneath it. Other clips are not moved around in the timeline
False
true or false? An Re-recording mixer performs sound effects synced to picture based on movement portrayed by characters, subjects, creatures, and inanimate objects in films.
Selection Tool
used to drag/drop clips in the timeline, select clips for deletion, and move clips around
Marks
used to select a part of the master clip you want to use in your edit. They can also be used to select an area in the timeline
Lift
video/audio is removed from the timeline, leaving gap in its place
Extract/Ripple Delete
video/audio is removed, clips are moved left to close the gap left in its place.
Razor Tool
when selected, click with your mouse to make a cut to a clip in the timeline.
Bins
where I store assets for my project such as clips, graphics, and sequences.
pan
which speaker is the sound coming from?
Mute button
will not play audio on the track I have muted
Sound Designer
works with the director and other members of the creative team to develop a sound style for each film, to collect and fabricate sounds to aid in storytelling, and to mix all of the sound elements into a cohesive flow.
command shift d
you can set default transitions and use them using the
Rotoscpoing Artist
Manually creates mattes for use in compositing. May also paint visual information out of a scene, such removing wires and rigs, logos and scratches.
Edwin Porter
Fill in the blank - [FILL BLANK]'s Life of An American Fireman revolutionized storytelling by cutting back and forth between two different locations to create tension.
Linear Way
As you record footage,timecode is generated in a
Non- Linear Editing (NLE)
By the mid-1990s, flatbeds were increasingly replaced by computer-based systems, such as Avid and Lightworks.
Master
Cameras and audio recording devicesgenerate timecode as they record.Cameras and audio recording devices canbe connected to a _____ camera sothat all the timecode matches across allrecordings.
Slip Edit
Changes a clip's starting and ending frames without changing its duration or affecting adjacent clips
Tells Premiere where to insert or overwrite my clip into the timeline
Connecting a source track to a timeline track does which of the following?
Source
In tape to tape editing, two tape decks are needed - a [FILL BLANK] tape for the raw footage, and a second tape called the "record" or "edit master"
Tape to Tape Editing
In the 1970s, technology made it possible to edit using two analog video tape machines. The source tape (or "raw footage") from one machine was played and just the portions desired on to a second tape (the "edit master") were copied.
Lumiere Brothers
In the late 1800s who were early pioneers of film, capturing day to day events in one long take?
Movieola
Invented in 1924 allowed editors to study individual shots in their cutting rooms, thus to determine more precisely where the best cut-point might be the standard for film editing in the United States until the 1970s, but continued to be used into the 1980s
Film Splicer
Keeps the film in place Razor blade or scissors to cut the film Tape or cement to adhere shots together
Timeline Panel
The editing of my sequence takes place in the
Creates a connection between media files and the project
The process of ingesting assets:
Insert
This edit adds footage to the timeline by moving other clips out of the way to make room for the new clip.
Overwrite
This edit adds footage to the timeline by replacing what is underneath it. Other clips are not moved around in the timeline.
Hours : Minutes : Seconds : Frames
Timecode is expressed in
Ripple Edit
Trimming forward will push other clips right; trimming backwards closes the gap.
Rolling Edit
Trims both A and B sides of the trim simultaneously.
False
True or False? Linear editing is when an editor cuts the story out of order according the intended events of the story.
True
True or false? In and Out points can be marked in the source footage AND in the timeline.
True
True or false? In the first stage of prepping for our edit, we start by creating the appropriate bins to organize our project assets.
True
True or false? Non linear editing is "non destructive" meaning cuts made during the edit do not impact the original source footage.
False
True or false? The solo button will not play audio on the track I have solo'd.
False
True or false? There is only one file format for export and this one format will satisfy the needs of theatrical, web, and video-on-demand.
False
True or false? Timecode is generated in a non linear way.
