GI/GU

A client presents at the testing center for an intravenous pyelogram. What question should the nurse ask to ensure the safety of the client? "Who has come with you today?" "Have you any artificial joints?" "Do you have a pacemaker?" "Do you have any allergies?"

"Do you have any allergies?"

A patient is scheduled for a test with contrast to determine kidney function. What statement made by the patient should the nurse inform the physician about prior to testing? "I have had a test similar to this one in the past." "I take medication to help me sleep at night." "I don't like needles." "I am allergic to shrimp."

"I am allergic to shrimp."

A nursing student asks the nurse why older adults are at risk for renal disease. The best response by the nurse is: "Urethral hypertrophy occurs following menopause." "The glomerular filtration rate decreases as we age." "Contractility of the bladder wall increases with age." "Hypoplasia of the prostate occurs in older men."

"The glomerular filtration rate decreases as we age."

The nurse is teaching the client to instill eye drops. Which statement is correct? "Wash your hands before and after instilling eye drops and do not touch the tip of the bottle." "Wait 10 minutes between administering different eye ointments; you do not need to wait between administering different eye drops." "Eye drops are to be administered after eye ointments." "Eye drops may be administered with contact lenses in place."

"Wash your hands before and after instilling eye drops and do not touch the tip of the bottle."

A nurse is caring for a client who will undergo total knee replacement and will have an autologous transfusion. Which statement will the nurse include when teaching the client about the transfusion? "You will be prescribed calcium to replace what is lost during donation." "You typically donate blood 4 to 6 weeks before the surgery." "You will likely not need the blood that is donated." "You typically donate blood the day of the surgery."

"You typically donate blood 4 to 6 weeks before the surgery."

When fluid intake is normal, the specific gravity of urine should be: 1.000 Less than 1.010 Greater than 1.025 1.010 to 1.025

1.010 to 1.025

The nurse begins a routine blood transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) at 1100. To ensure client safety, the unit of blood should be completely transfused by what time? 1500 1530 1600 1115

1500

The nurse is caring for four clients on the medical-surgical unit of the hospital. What client is mostly likely to be receiving treatment for sickle cell crisis? A 24-year-old Native American female A 36-year-old Eastern European female A 19-year-old African American male A 29-year-old Caucasian male

A 19-year-old African American male

The nurse is caring for a patient with dementia in the long-term care facility when the patient has a change in cognitive function. What should the nurse suspect this patient may be experiencing? A stroke Fecal impaction A UTI An aneurysm

A UTI

Which client is at highest risk for developing a hospital-acquired infection? A client with a laceration to the left hand A client with Crohn's disease A client with an indwelling urinary catheter A client who's taking prednisone (Deltasone)

A client with an indwelling urinary catheter

The nurse caring for a client with Ménière's disease needs to assist with what when the client is experiencing an attack? Sleeping ADLs Coughing URIs

ADLs

A client has a suspected diagnosis of bladder stones. Stones may form in the bladder or originate in the upper urinary tract and travel to and remain in the bladder. What are some signs and symptoms that this client may be experiencing? Select all that apply. suprapubic pain hematuria All choices are true. difficulty starting urinary stream

All choices are true.

The ABCD method offers one way to assess skin lesions for possible skin cancer. What does the A stand for? Assessment Arcus Actinic Asymmetry

Asymmetry

A patient has had cataract extractions and the nurse is providing discharge instructions. What should the nurse encourage the patient to do at home? Lift weights to increase muscle strength. Lie on the stomach while sleeping. Avoid bending the head below the waist. Maintain bed rest for 1 week.

Avoid bending the head below the waist.

Which diagnostic test would be used if a malignancy is suspected? Patch test Tzanck smear Skin scraping Biopsy

Biopsy

A client diagnosed with a cataract comes into the clinic. What assessments should the nurse observe in this client? Inability to produce sufficient tears A swollen lacrimal caruncle Blurred or cloudy visual image A burning sensation and the sensation of an object in the eye

Blurred or cloudy visual image

A gerontologic nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about integumentary changes that occur in older adults. How should these students best integrate these changes into care planning? By protecting older adults against shearing injuries By protecting older adults against excessive sweat accumulation By avoiding the use of moisturizing lotions on older adults' skin By avoiding the use of ice packs to treat muscle pain

By protecting older adults against shearing injuries

Which nursing goal is a priority when caring for a client newly diagnosed with vertigo? Client will maintain therapeutic medication schedule. Client will close eyes as needed to reduce symptoms. Client will remain safe while ambulating in the home. Client will have a caretaker with him or her in the home.

Client will remain safe while ambulating in the home.

The nurse is assessing a client's skin when the client points out a mole. The nurse brings the mole to the physician's attention when which characteristic is noted? Distinct borders Symmetrical appearance Diameter exceeding 6 mm Uniform light brown color

Diameter exceeding 6 mm

Which of the following medications may be used in the treatment of motion sickness? Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) Peroxide in glycerol (Debrox) Furosemide (Lasix) Intravenous Diazepam (Valium)

Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)

Which instruction would be included in a teaching plan for a client diagnosed with a urinary tract infection? Drink liberal amount of fluids. Void every 4 to 6 hours. Drink coffee or tea to increase diuresis. Use tub baths as opposed to showers.

Drink liberal amount of fluids.

Which term describes painful or difficult urination? Oliguria Dysuria Nocturia Anuria

Dysuria

A client verbalizes fear of infection from a blood transfusion. What is the nurse's best response? "Blood typing is more important than testing for infection." "The risk of transmission of HIV is so low, there's no need to worry." "There is no need for testing unless you have a history of a transfusion reaction." "Every unit of donated blood is typed and tested for antibodies to infections."

Every unit of donated blood is typed and tested for antibodies to infections."

Which is the primary preventable cause of skin cancer? Skin disease Exposure to UV radiation Fair skin Excess melanin

Exposure to UV radiation

Which of the following eye disorders is caused by an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP)? Glaucoma Cataracts Hyperopia Myopia

Glaucoma

When assessing a client with anemia, which assessment is essential? Age and gender Health history, including menstrual history in women Family history Lifestyle assessments, such as exercise routines

Health history, including menstrual history in women

A patient with a history of chronic respiratory illness exhibits nail clubbing. The nurse interprets this finding as indicating which of the following? Hypoxia Local trauma Anemia Psoriasis

Hypoxia

A client is complaining of problems with constipation. What dietary suggestion can the nurse inform the client may help facilitate the passage of stool? Increase dietary fiber. Increase dietary fat consumption. Increase dietary protein such as lean meats. Increase the carbohydrate content of the diet.

Increase dietary fiber.

Which of the following would the nurse expect to find when reviewing the laboratory test results of a client with renal failure? Increased serum creatinine level Decreased serum potassium level Increased serum calcium level

Increased serum creatinine level

Crohn's disease is a condition of malabsorption caused by which pathophysiological process? Inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa Disaccharidase deficiency Infectious disease Gastric resection

Inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa

A nursing student is caring for a client with gastritis. Which of the following would the student recognize as a common cause of gastritis? Choose all that apply. Irritating foods Overuse of aspirin Participation in highly competitive sports DASH diet Ingestion of strong acids

Ingestion of strong acids Irritating foods Overuse of aspirin

A colleague has been splashed in the eye with cleaning solution. Which of the following would be the priority? Covering the eye with a clean sterile dressing Finding out what the substance was Instilling a local anesthetic into the eye Irrigating the eye immediately with tap water

Irrigating the eye immediately with tap water

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with Meniere's disease and identifies a nursing diagnosis of excess fluid volume related to fluid retention in the inner ear. Which intervention would be most appropriate to include in the plan of care? Restrict high-potassium foods. Administer prescribed antihistamine. Encourage intake of caffeinated fluids. Limit foods that are high in sodium.

Limit foods that are high in sodium.

An older adult patient has noticed a significant amount of vision loss in the last few years. What does the nurse recognize as the most common cause of visual loss in older adults? Ocular trauma Retinal vascular disease Macular degeneration Uveitis

Macular degeneration

Which of the following describes awakening at night to urinate? Polyuria Nocturia Oliguria Dysuria

Nocturia

A legally blind client is in pre-op area prior to an appendectomy. What steps does the nurse take to effectively communicate with this client ? Make direct eye contact with the client when communicating. Notify the client prior to touching the client. Inform the client that the nurse will be working nearby. Sit near the client to provide reassurance of the strange surroundings.

Notify the client prior to touching the client.

The nurse is admitting a client with a diagnosis of diverticulitis and assesses that the client has a boardlike abdomen, no bowel sounds, and reports of severe abdominal pain. What is the nurse's first action? Administer an opioid analgesic. Administer a retention enema. Start an IV with lactated Ringer's solution. Notify the health care provider.

Notify the health care provider.

A nurse is planning a group teaching session on the topic of urinary tract infection (UTI) prevention. Which point should the nurse include? Limit fluid intake to reduce the need to urinate. Wear only nylon underwear to reduce the chance of irritation. Notify the physician if urinary urgency, burning, frequency, or difficulty occurs. Take medication ordered for a UTI until the symptoms subside.

Notify the physician if urinary urgency, burning, frequency, or difficulty occurs.

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a hemoglobin of 9.6 g/dL and a hematocrit of 34%. To determine where the blood loss is coming from, what intervention can the nurse provide? Observe the gums for bleeding after the client brushes teeth. Observe the sputum for signs of blood. Observe stools for blood. Observe client for facial droop.

Observe stools for blood.

While asessing a client, the nurse will recognize what as the most obvious sign of anemia? Tachycardia Flow murmurs Jaundice Pallor

Pallor

The nurse is preparing to assess a client's new stoma. Which finding would the nurse include in the documentation of a healthy stoma? Pain Black color Pink color Dry in appearance

Pink color

It is important for the nurse to monitor serum electrolytes in a patient with acute diarrhea. Select the electrolyte result that should be immediately reported. Chloride of 100 mEq/L Potassium of 2.8 mEq/L Sodium of 136 mEq/L Calcium of 9 mg/dL

Potassium of 2.8 mEq/L

Some clients with acoustic neuromas have vertigo. What is a priority nursing action for clients with vertigo? Mobilize the client at every opportunity. Provide small meals of tepid food. Provide ice to the affected ear. Protect the client from injury.

Protect the client from injury.

A patient visits a clinic for assessment of an inflammatory skin disorder. The nurse diagnoses the condition as psoriasis based on the appearance of the skin. Which of the following describes the dermatoses? Flat, elongated scales, dark in color Clusters of pustules with irregular borders Red, raised patches of skin covered with silvery scales Clear vesicles with a dusky base

Red, raised patches of skin covered with silvery scales

Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a client admitted for evaluation for Ménière's disease? Risk for injury related to vertigo Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to nausea and vomiting Acute pain related to vertigo Risk for deficient fluid volume related to vomiting

Risk for injury related to vertigo

Which type of hemolytic anemia is categorized as inherited disorder? Hypersplenism Cold agglutinin disease Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Sickle cell anemia

Sickle cell anemia

The nurse began transfusing the first unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) fifteen minutes ago. The client reports shortness of breath, nausea, and is restless. What is the nurse's priority action? Notify the primary health care provider. Discontinue the intravenous line. Stop the infusion. Flush the blood tubing with normal saline.

Stop the infusion.

The nurse caring for a client receiving a transfusion notes that 15 minutes after the infusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) has begun, the client is having difficulty breathing and complains of severe chest tightness. What is the most appropriate initial action for the nurse to take? Stop the transfusion immediately. Notify the client's health care provider Remove the client's IV access. Assess the client's chest sounds and vital signs.

Stop the transfusion immediately.

A 18-year-old client presents to the emergency department with a severe open fracture of the lower extremity. The health care provider tells the client that the client will need a blood transfusion. The client refuses, despite the advise of the health care provider. What does the nurse understand is the legal implication of the scenario? The client has a right to refuse the transfusion. The client can only refuse the transfusion if the consent form has not been signed. The health care provider may first call the client's parents if the client refuses. The health care provider may ask for a court order if the client refuses.

The client has a right to refuse the transfusion.

The nurse is doing discharge teaching with a client newly diagnosed with Ménière's disease. Why would the nurse advise a low-sodium diet to this client? To reduce the production of fluid in the inner ear To minimize the risk of a tumor that involves the vestibulocochlear nerve To minimize the adverse effects of drug therapy To reduce the magnitude of the hearing deficit

To reduce the production of fluid in the inner ear

A client is in the hospital with a bleeding gastric ulcer and requires a blood transfusion. He has been typed and crossmatched for 2 units of packed red blood cells and found to have type O blood. What type of blood will the nurse administer to this client? Type B Type A Type AB Type O

Type O

A client presents to the emergency department with complaints of acute GI distress, bloody diarrhea, weight loss, and fever. Which condition in the family history is most pertinent to the client's current health problem? Ulcerative colitis Hypertension Gastroesophageal reflux disease Appendicitis

Ulcerative colitis

A client who comes to the ambulatory care facility states, "It feels like things are moving or spinning around me." The nurse interprets this as indicating which of the following? Vertigo Dizziness Nystagmus Motion sickness

Vertigo

For a client diagnosed with pernicious anemia, the nurse emphasizes the importance of lifelong administration of Vitamin C Vitamin A Folic acid Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12

Based on knowledge about the synthesis of this vitamin, a nurse would recommend exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light on a daily basis, whenever possible. What is this vitamin? Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin A Vitamin C

Vitamin D

The nurse is teaching a client with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) ways to decrease risk for additional UTIs. The nurse includes which information? Take tub baths instead of showers. Void immediately after sexual intercourse. Void every 5 hours during the day. Increase intake of coffee, tea, and colas.

Void immediately after sexual intercourse.

Which of the following is a strategy to promote urinary continence? Take diuretics after 4 PM Implement a low fiber diet Use caffeine in moderation Void regularly, 5 to 8 times a day

Void regularly, 5 to 8 times a day

The nurse is assessing a client's new stoma and observes that the stoma color is now dark purple. The appropriate nursing intervention is to change the pouching system. apply Karaya powder. contact the physician. remove the urinary stents.

contact the physician.

A client who has a history of neurogenic bladder uses a permanent, indwelling catheter to facilitate urine elimination. What can this client consume to decrease the likelihood of bladder infection? increased protein red meat cranberry juice prune juice

cranberry juice

When the bladder contains 400 to 500 mL of urine, this is referred to as functional capacity. anuria. specific gravity. renal clearance.

functional capacity.