GOV EXAM

powers of the Federal courts outlines the definition of "treason" shortest of the Articles dealing with the 3 branches All of these are found in what Article of the U.S. Constitution?

Article 111

The Petition of Right is an important document in Great Britain's history and in the development of their political system. This document was presented to King Charles 1 by Parliament in 1628. Some of the important ideas presented to the monarch included punishments to violations of laws could not be excessive, no forced quartering of soldiers by citizens, the right to "habeas corpus" and that taxes must be approved by Parliament. Using the prompt, which ideas are most influenced by the Petition of Right?

Bill of Rights

The Governor is considered to be the __________ of the state.

Chief Executive

Which statement best describes one way government power expanded under U.S. Constitution?

Congress was granted the authority to collect taxes

In the first half of the 20th century, literacy tests, poll taxes, and grandfather clauses were passed by the southern states in order to

Deny suffrage to African Americans

In 1925, Tennessee teacher John Scopes was found guilty of teaching Charles Darwin's "Theory of Evolution" in a public school biology class. It was ruled that he violated "The Butler Act," which read (in part): "(It) shall be unlawful for any teacher in ...public schools of the State which are supported in whole or in part by the public school funds of the State, to teach any theory that denies the Story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals." Though the Butler Act remained part of Tennessee law until 1967, under what grounds might have it been legally challenged?

Fifth Amendment

Signs like these represented a pattern of systemic discrimination was eventually found to violate which of these? (Sign says "Colored Waiting Room")

Fourth Amendment

Which Supreme Court case upheld the right of Congress to exercise its implied powers?

Gibbons v Ogden

Using the excerpt, the bill that became law first had to pass through the state House of Representatives and then to the _______________ before the governor could sign off on it.

Senate

The basic powers of the Federal government are outlined in Articles I, II, and III of the United States Constitution. This is MOST closely related to which Constitutional principle?

Separation of Powers

"In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law." This is the text of what amendment to the U.S. Constitution?

Seventh

Which government official would be MOST likely to be considered local?

Sheriff

Once a national amendment has been proposed, the amendment has to be ratified before it becomes law. Who has the authority to ratify national amendments?

State Legislatures

Public policy is a course of action taken by the government to address a specific problem or issue. How might a community help the government start a specific public policy?

by identifying the problem to be solved by the policy

Which would be the BEST example of the Governor acting as "Commander in Chief'?

calling out the national guard for a state emergency

Baron Montesquieu (1689-1755) argued that corruption in government begins when the people attempt to govern directly and try "to debate for the senate, to execute for the magistrate, and to decide for the judges." What governmental principle of the United States is based on Montesquieu's concerns?

republicanism

The decision in Brown v. Board of Education addressed the issue of

segregation.

Which of these was one of the few successes of the United States government under the Articles of Confederation?

settling conflicts associated with the settlement of western lands

At the Constitutional Convention, the Virginia Plan would have granted more power to which group?

states with large population

Which example BEST represents a limit placed on the Federal Government?

A citizen's life, liberty or property cannot be taken away without due process of law.

"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." - from Amendment 14 to the United States Constitution In the Supreme Court case Obergefell vs. Hodges (2015), the argument was made that states must issue marriage licences to same sex couples just the same as they do opposite sex couples. How does the provided section from the 14th Amendment support their claim?

It states that everyone is treated equal under the law

Which of these is NOT a primary responsibility of the state legislative body?

Overseeing military bases found within the state

What is the final step in the naturalization process?

Pledging an oath of allegiance

When would a bill go to the conference Committee in Congress?

The House of Representatives & Senate pass different versions of a bill

Which political concept requires that the government exercise its power in accordance with well-established and clearly written rules, regulations, and legal principles?

The Rule of Law

What is the next step toward becoming a law after a bill is introduced in the Senate or the House of Representatives?

The bill is sent to a committee to review, research, and revise the bill.

"There remains but one other view of this matter to conclude the point. The truth is, after all the declamation we have heard, that the constitution is itself in every rational sense, and to every useful purpose, A BILL OF RIGHTS. The several bills of rights, in Great-Britain, form its constitution, and conversely the constitution of each state is its bill of rights. And the proposed constitution, if adopted, will be the bill of rights of the union. Is it one object of a bill of rights to declare and specify the political privileges of the citizens in the structure and administration of the government? This is done in the most ample and precise manner in the plan of the convention, comprehending various precautions for the public security, which are not to be found in any of the state constitutions. Is another object of a bill of rights to define certain immunities and modes of proceeding, which are relative to personal and private concerns? This we have seen has also been attended to, in a variety of cases, in the same plan." - from Federalist, No. 84, by Alexander Hamilton, 1788 Why did Hamilton say that a Bill of Rights was not necessary to be added to the Constitution?

The national and state constitutions were already a bill of rights guaranteed by the people

What did the ideas of John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques Rousseau have in common?

The philosophies inspired the American and French revolutions.

How is freedom of the press MOST LIKELY related to a country's level of democratization?

The right to publish freely is a strong indicator of a healthy democracy.

Which statement BEST describes the power of government provided by the Articles of Confederation?

The states had more power than the national government.

What do "voting in elections" and "volunteering at a homeless shelter" have in common?

They are examples of civic responsibilities

In the United States, not everyone in the electorate chooses to exercise his or her voting rights. What is the MAIN reason that some people choose not to vote?

They do not want to pay the poll tax.

What was the role of the citizen in the Athenian direct democracy?

To discuss and vote on laws and policies

Being an informed citizen falls under which category?

a civic responsibility

Judicial restraint means that courts should

act carefully in overruling the decisions of elected officials

The 5th and 14th Amendments work together to guarantee which protection?

due process of law

Which term refers to a U.S. foreign policy tool in which the government imposes trade penalties, tariffs, import and export quotas, and trade barriers on other nations?

economic sanctions

Decentralization of political authority in the United States is chiefly promoted by

federalism

Today, compared to the 1980s, it is much easier for citizens to learn about public policy and check on elected officials. What tool allows citizens to access updated public policy information very quickly and efficiently?

government websites

Most of the work in considering and editing bills is done

in congressional committees

Following the financial crisis of 2008-2010, the US government supplied economic "bailouts" to troubled industries including banks, manufacturers, and insurers. This economic tactic is MOST representative of which political ideology?

liberalism

The Declaration of Independence This quote from the Declaration of Independence is referring to the principle of

limited government.

Which action BEST describes how constituents can influence local and state government officials?

phone, email, or office visit

Which of these is necessary when registering to vote?

proof of residency

"I am not an advocate for frequent changes in laws and constitutions, but laws and institutions must go hand in hand with the progress of the human mind. As that becomes more developed, more enlightened, as new discoveries are made, new truths discovered and manners and opinions change, with the change of circumstances, institutions must advance also to keep pace with the times. We might as well require a man to wear still the coat which fitted him when a boy as civilized society to remain ever under the regimen of their barbarous ancestors." --Thomas Jefferson, 1810 Which Constitutional principle is Jefferson illustrating in this letter?

that the Constitution is a "living document" that can change when the need arises

What is the primary goal of interest groups?

to influence public policy

What is one reason that the Bill of Rights was adopted?

to protect the rights and liberties of the state from abuse of power by the newly created government

Unlike native-born citizens, permanent residents of the United States are NOT allowed to do which of these?

work in a government job