Gov test 1 Ch 1

33. According to your text, the difference between libertarianism and John Locke-inspired liberalism is

d. libertarianism puts a greater emphasis on individual freedom.

31. Anarchism is the political opposite of

d. totalitarianism.

40. A person who favors government ownership of some basic industries and a strong government role in directing the economy would best be labeled a(n)

socialist

Using the state to redistribute income is a policy based on

the philosophy of Karl Marx

An underlying assumption of the text is that perfect freedom and order can never be achieved because

these two values are inherently in conflict and cannot be provided simultaneously.

34. _____are more likely to favor generous government support for education and housing.

Liberals

Which political philosopher expressed the sentiment that life in a state of nature would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short?"

Thomas Hobbes

Thomas Hobbes's ideal form of government was

a single ruler with unquestioned authority

In his 2014 State of the Union address, President Obama proposed that the minimum wage

be raised to $10.10

38. Government actions that are commonly engaged in by the U.S. government include

building interstate roads

30. A government pursuing laissez-faire policies would

c. take a hands-off attitude toward the economy.

In a globalized world we are sometimes closely tied through trade to former enemies. In 2014-2015, which country supplied nearly one-third of foreign students in American educational institutions?

china

Documents leaked by Edward Snowden showed that the National Security Agency had

collected data on domestic phone conversations of ordinary Americans.

national sovereignty is defined as

d. a political entity's externally recognized right to exercise final authority over its affairs.

According to the text, politicians openly call for more order

during times of social strife

capitalism is an

economic system in which production and property are privately owned, with a minimum of government interference.

36. Communitarians are willing to use government to promote both order and

equality

The notion that American public schools are open to all is an example of

equality of opportunity

When one person has the same chance to succeed in life as another, this is called

equality of opportunity

social order

established patterns of authority and traditional modes of behavior

During the 1990s, Congress prohibited private businesses from discriminating in employment, public services, and public accommodations on the basis of physical or mental disabilities. This act creates a clash between

freedom and equality

When the authors say that we live in an era of "globalization," they mean that citizens and nations are increasingly

interdependent

under the constitution, the national gov

lacks a general police power

Since the overthrow of its military strongman Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, Libya has experienced

lawlessness

Government can promote social equality through policies other than income redistribution. According to the text, in 2015, the Supreme Court promoted equality when it held that _____ was/were unconstitutional.

laws banning same-sex marriages

As derived from John Locke's philosophy, the doctrine of liberalism holds that government should

leave citizens free to further their individual pursuits.

The broad, basic definition of government given by the text is

legitimate use of force within specified geographic boundaries to control human behavior.

35. An American, who supports the creation of election districts that are likely to vote for minority candidates for public office and wants more restrictions on business owners' hiring decisions, is likely to be a

liberal

32. A(n) _____is likely to believe that helping the needy should be a matter of individual choice.

libertarian

According to Thomas Hobbes, author of Leviathan, the proper objective of government is to

maintain order

41. In general, libertarianism is characterized by

opposing all government action except that which protects life and property

each citizen having one vote demonstrates

political equality

A consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government is a(n)

political ideology

Services that benefit all citizens and are not likely to be produced by the voluntary acts of individuals are known as

public goods

Although the United States is a capitalist country, the government does intervene in the economic arena, primarily through

regulating private businesses.

Western Europe's experience with democratic socialism demonstrates that

socialism can be practiced along with personal freedoms and democratic participation.

National _____ means that each national government is given the right to govern its own people as it wishes and no other nation can interfere with that.

sovereignty

An example of a government policy that promotes social equality without redistributing income is

the U.S Supreme Court holding that state laws banning same-sex marriage were unconstitutional.

The national government can act on individuals if

the action is based on a constitutionally delegated power

The broad, basic definition of politics given by the text is

the authoritative allocation of values for a society

The government's role in redistributing income to promote economic equality has been a major source of debate in the United States ever since

the great depression