Government - Chapter 6

Federalism

A system in which governmental power is divided into two or more levels.

One thing is NOT true of federal funding.

All states receive the same proportion of federal aid.

Elastic Clause

An alternate name given to the necessary and proper clause.

Grants-In-Aid

Any transfer of money from the federal government to state or local governments.

Revenue Sharing

Federal aid in which the national government allocates some of its tax proceeds to the states; used from 1972 to 1986.

Project Grants

Federal aid that allows the national government greater discretion in deciding how much aid will be given to certain programs

Block Grants

Federal aid that combines several categorical grants under a general umbrella

Categorical Grants

Federal aid that is given to state and local governments for a specific purpose and that comes with certain guidelines.

Which powers are neither given to the national government nor denied to the states?

Reserved Powers

The supremacy clause establishes certain thing that comprise the highest law of the law, what are they?

The Constitution; Laws of the National Government; Treates made by the National Government

How can congress create a new state out of a currently existing state?

The need the consent of the state's legislature.

What Amendment allowed an income tax to be instituted?

Sixteenth

Which was partially caused by disagreement regarding the rights of states and the powers of the federal government?

the Civil War

What is the name for the region of the country experiencing population loss and crumbling industry?

the Frostbelt

What is the name for the region of the country, consisting of the old Confederate states and the Southwest, that is experiencing growth in population and new industry?

the Sunbelt

Powers that grant authority and define the limit of the national government's authority are?

Delegated Powers

What term refers to a system in which the national and state levels are sovereign within their own spheres?

Dual Federalism

What powers of the national government are specifically written into the Constitution?

Enumerated Powers

Formula Grants

Federal aid governed by demographic information in a given area.

President Lyndon B. Johnson's programs addressing voting rights, education, and health care were known as the?

Great Society

Which powers of the national government are not specifically stated in the Constitution but are derived from other powers?

Implied Powers

Under which early chief justice did the Supreme Court's decisions do much to expand the powers of the national government?

John Marshall

List 3 examples of restrictions that may come with categorical grants?

Minority-Hiring Quotas; Environmental-Protection Guidelines; Matching Funds Required

What are the two divisions of power in America's federal system?

National Government and State Government

Which types of governments are mentioned in the Constitution?

National and State

What clause is frequently cited when the government wishes to use implied powers?

Necessary and Proper Clause

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's programs addressing poverty and unemployment resulting from the Great Depression were know as?

New Deal

Can a state tax national institutions within its borders?

No

Why are categorical grant the most controversial form of federal aid?

Page 132

What are the obligations of the national government toward state governments according to Article IV of the Constitution?

Pages 133-134

The federal government may give or withhold aid based on a state's conformity to certain regulations. List two such regulation from you text.

Pages 134-135