government chapter 7 & 8

Some common leadership qualities that good Presidents appear to have are the following: Effective_________ skills

communication

Others believed that __ should select the President, but then, what would happen to separation of powers and checks and balances?

congress

Some common leadership qualities that good Presidents appear to have are the following: an ability to work with _______

congress

Throughout the 1800s until the 1930s ______ was the dominant branch of the national government .

congress

_____ _______ assumed powers that no other president before him had claimed , partly because of the emergency created by the civil war ( 1861 - 1865 ) he suspended habeas corpus ( the right to an appearance in court ) and jailed people suspected of disloyalty .He ignored congress by expanding the size of the army and ordering blockades of southern ports without the consent of congress

Abraham Lincoln

the informal advisory body known as the __ is not mentioned in the constitution.

cabinet

____ ____ created the executive office of the president in 1939 to administer his new deal programs

Franklin Roosevelt

_____ _____ who was elected four times to the presidency led the nation through the crises of the great depression and world war ll . Roosevelt gained power through his new deal programs to regulate the economy and the war required that he lead the country in foreign affairs as well

Franklin Roosevelt

Weber emphasized the importance of the ___________ in getting things done and believed that a well-organized, rational bureaucracy is the secret behind the successful operation of modern societies

bureaucracy

Order of Succession to the Presidency - 9. ___

Remaining cabinet secretaries

A ___- is someone who works in administrative capacity for the government

bureaucrat

The bureaucracy generally falls into four broad types: __ __ , government corporations , independent agencies , regulatory commissions

cabinet departments

The Constitutional power as ____________ has evolved into the very important modern role of crisis manager .

commander in chief

_______ helps the president with economic planning. The council consists of three leading economists and is assisted by about 60 other economists, attorneys, and political scientists. The NEC is the President's major source of advice and information about the nation's economy

The national economic council

Congress passes laws, but it cannot follow through on all the little decisions that have to be made as the law is translated into action. ________ then, may make policies and choose actions that are not spelled out in advance by laws

bureaucrats

_______ _____ and woodrow wilson each expanded the powers of the presidency . Roosevelt worked closely with congress sending it messages defining his legislative powers . He also took the lead in developing the international power of the united states . Wilson helped formulate bills that congress considered and world war l afforded him the opportunity to take a leading role in international affairs

Theodore Roosevelt

So, it is not only the famous people — the President, the Chief of Staff, the Speaker of the House, or the Senate Majority Leader — who make the real decisions in government. Often, the real players in government are the ____________ — the people behind the scenes

agency bureaucracy

When Presidents take charge and try to run the country they are often criticized as _____ and _____ . If they let congress take the lead they are seen as weak and ineffective.

aggressive and dictatorial

______ ______ greatly loved by the masses , used his image and personal power to strengthen the developing party system by rewarding loyal followers with presidential appointments . Jackson also made extensive use of the veto and asserted national power by facing down south carolinas nullification of a federal tariff law . Jackson vetoed more bills than the six previous Presidents combined .

andrew jackson

Some common leadership qualities that good Presidents appear to have are the following: wise ______

appointments

Order of Succession to the Presidency - 8. ___

attorney general

The ___________ has two masters — Congress and the President

bureaucracy

____ has the power to create, organize, and disband all federal agencies. Most of them are under the control of the president , although few of them have direct contact with the White House

congress

According to the ___________ , the President serves a four-year term of office. The 22nd Amendment further requires that a President may not be elected more than twice, nor serve more than a total of ten years

constitution

The Constitutional power as commander in chief has evolved into the very important modern role of ______________.

crisis manager

Some common leadership qualities that good Presidents appear to have are the following: Crisis ____________ skills

decisions

Some common leadership qualities that good Presidents appear to have are the following: The courage to make unpopular ________

decisions

Independent agencies closely resemble Cabinet departments, but they are smaller and less complex. Congress creates them as separate agencies for many reasons, practical as well as symbolic. For example, when the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was established, many members of Congress assumed that it would be a part of the ___________. However, it is an independent agency because the space program has many other purposes than the defense of the nation

department of defense

Most __________ are divided into bureaus, divisions, and sections. For example, the FBI lies within the domain of the Justice Department, and the Secret Service is currently within the Treasury Department agency, but soon to be moved under the auspices of the Department of Homeland Security

departments

The constitution also created an __ __ to select the president

electoral college

So, they compromised and created a special body of ___ to be selected by the states. The number of electors would be equal to the sum of a state's Senators and Representatives, so that large states would have more electors than the small ones

electors

The original bureaucracy of the federal government consisted only of employees from three small departments — State, Treasury, and War. The __________ employs today almost three million people

executive branch

Throughout the rest of the 20th century the balanceof poiwer shifted dramatically so that the _______ _______ (president ) currently has at least equal power to the legislative branch .

executive branch

as leader of the ____ the president is primarily responsible for seeing that the work of the government is done

executive branch

Today many advisors in the white house office , the cabinet , and the __ __ , assist the president .

executive office

About 90% of all _________________ are hired under regulations of the civil service system. Most of them take a written examination administered by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) and they meet selection criteria, such as training, education levels, or prior experience

federal bureaucrats

The largest growth of the bureaucracy in American history came between 1933 and 1945 ___ ___ __ __ meant bigger government, since agencies were needed to administer his many programs

franklin roosevelts new deal

The presidency was created in the image of ____ _____ , the man everyone believed would first occupy the office . Washington's personality shaped the expectation that the president should be wise , moderate, dignified ,and non partisan

george washington

___ ___ do not belong to any department — they stand on their own. Probably the best-known government corporations are the United States Postal Service and Amtrak

government corporations

Even today , congress limits the Presidents power . ______ , or inaction , occurs when the president wants one thing and congress wants another.

gridlock

in 1939, Congress passed the ______ ____, which required employees, once they were hired, to have as little to do with political parties as possible

hatch act

They serve the president as an _______ of most trusted advisers.

inner circle

Order of Succession to the Presidency - 4. ___

president of the senate pro tempore

An example of such an _____ _____ would be the American Association for Retired People (AARP), the House Subcommittee on Aging, and the Social Security Administration all working together to set government policy on Social Security

iron triangle

Some common leadership qualities that good Presidents appear to have are the following: _______ and integrity

management

__ __ a German sociologist was one of the first people in modern times to think seriously about the importance of bureaucracy

max weber

One criticism of our __ __ __ is that once a person is employed there are no requirements that he or she be held accountable for their work

merit based bureaucracy

The ______ _____ tries to ensure that the best-qualified people get government jobs and that party politics is limited

merit system

__ __ __ advises the president on american military affairs and foreign policy .The NSC consist of the President , vice president ,and the secretaries of state and defense . The presidents national security adviser runs the staff of the NSC and advises the president

national security council

Presidents must be ___ ___ citizens.

natural born citizens

George Washington began a long tradition of filling government positions through _________, a system of rewarding friends and political allies in exchange for their support

patronage

Some common leadership qualities that good Presidents appear to have are the following: An ability to put their own times in the _______ of history

perspective

The Secretaries are responsible for directing the department's ________ and for overseeing its operation

policy

It is possible for a President to win more of the __ __ and lose the election

popular vote

Some of the founders wanted to select a President by __ __ but others did not want to put that much power into the hands of the voters

popular vote

The _____ was created in the image of George washington , the man everyone believed would first occupy the office . Washington's personality shaped the expectation that the president should be wise , moderate, dignified ,and non partisan

presidency

Order of Succession to the Presidency - 1. ___

president

The _____ could not be all powerful like the king of england

president

The _______ must be at least 35 years old and must have resided in the united states for no fewer than 14 years .

president

cabinet members must provide good advice to the

president

James Barber published a well-known study of _____________ in which he studied personalities to predict presidential performance

presidential character

The forceful personalities of strong ______ have expanded the role far beyond the greatest fears of the antifederalist of the late 1700s

presidents

One common complaint about bureaucracy is that ___ ____— the maze of government rules, regulations, and paperwork — makes the government so overwhelming to citizens that many people try to avoid any contact

red tape

__ __ of the early 20th century demanded that government regulate child labor, food processing and packaging, and working and living conditions for the laboring classes

reform movements

These agencies regulate important parts of the economy, making rules for large industries and businesses that affect the interests of the public

regulatory agencies

Order of Succession to the Presidency - 7. ___

secretary of defense

Order of Succession to the Presidency - 5. ___

secretary of state

The founders had discussed of some form of national executive council , and george washington appointed four cabinet members the __ __ , secretary of treasury , secretary of war and the attorney general shortly after his inauguration.

secretary of state

Order of Succession to the Presidency - 6. ___

secretary of treasury

The founders had discussed of some form of national executive council , and george washington appointed four cabinet members the secretary of state , secretary of ___ , secretary of war and the attorney general shortly after his inauguration.

secretary of treasury

The founders had discussed of some form of national executive council , and george washington appointed four cabinet members the secretary of state , secretary of treasury , secretary of ___ and the attorney general shortly after his inauguration.

secretary of war

Order of Succession to the Presidency - 3. ___

speaker of the house

By convention ___ __ vote for the candidate that the people select in the general election, but they are not necessarily bound to do so

state electors

strong presidents have used the _________ address given yearly at the start of each congressional session to set an agenda

state of the union

Barber believes that Presidents can be categorized as having "positive" or "negative" attitudes, and as being "active" or "passive." His findings indicate that "positive active" Presidents are more __________ than passive/negative ones

successful

The founders had discussed of some form of national executive council , and george washington appointed four cabinet members the secretary of state , secretary of treasury , secretary of war and the __ __ shortly after his inauguration.

the attorney general

__ __ __ __ is usually particularly influential as the director of all operations of the white house office.

the chief of staff

Just as the power of the presidency has grown tremendously in recent years so have the numbers of people that surround __ ___ ___

the executive branch

__ __ __ sometimes called a subgovernment, consists of interest groups, members of congressional subcommittees, and agency bureaucrats

the iron triangle

_____ (OMB) is the largest office in the EOP , and it has the job of setting the national budget that the president proposes to congress every year.

the office of management and budget

the spoils tradition was diluted in 1881 when Charles Guiteau, a disappointed office seeker, killed President James Garfield because he was not granted a government job. After Garfield's assassination, Congress passed the ___ __ __ which created a merit-based federal civil service

the pendleton act

Congress has the power to create, organize, and disband all federal agencies. Most of them are under the control of __________, although few of them have direct contact with the White House

the president

The president must therefore recruit and appoint many people to top government jobs. Cabinet members, many sub-Cabinet positions, federal judges including Supreme Court Justices, ambassadors, top military leaders, and heads of independent government agencies are all appointments filled by ______________. Even though nominees are subject to consent by the Senate, the fact that Presidents control more than 4,000 appointments to government service makes this responsibility an important one.

the president

more than anyone else __ ___ symbolizes the country , its people , and its beliefs

the president

cabinet members are appointed by __ and confirmed by the __ . They may be dismissed at anytime .

the president and senate

The only given constitutional duty is to preside over ___ a job with virtually no power since the Vice President can only vote in the event of a tie

the senate

__________ are not subject to senate confirmation , nor do they have a divided loyalties

the white house office staff members

Order of Succession to the Presidency - 2. ___ ___

vice president

The President then has almost total control over what the_____ does. If he chooses to give him many responsibilities, The _____ can have a significant amount of power if the President is willing to delegate it

vice president

The __ and the __ also have large staffs that complement all the presidents aides.

vice president and first lady

Some common leadership qualities that good Presidents appear to have are the following: A strong _______ for the country's future

vision

When Presidents take charge and try to run the country they are often criticized as aggressive and dictatorial . If they let congress take the lead they are seen as _________ and _____ .

weak and ineffective