Government Quiz - Chp. 7

Women were granted universal suffrage in

1920

The typical procedure for an initiative requires petitions to feature the signatures of _________ of the number of registered voters in a state.

5 to 10 percent

The __________ Amendment to the Constitution prohibits states from denying the right to vote "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."

Fifteenth

Citizen mobilization to stop construction of a nuclear waste facility near their homes would be an example of the _________ phenomenon.

NIMBY

____________ championed the direct primary.

Progressives

Which of the following qualifications for voting was virtually eliminated in all states by the 1850s?

Property ownership

According to the text, with respect to political participation, "_________ is the great equalizer,..."

Protest

Which country was the first to provide for the general election of representatives through mass suffrage?

United States

One criterion that must be met for a country to be democratic is that it must​

have more than one political party

Americans contributing money to a candidate's campaign is best defined as a form of

influencing behavior

Because it depends on mass participation in politics, majoritarianism tends to

limit individual freedom

Psychological explanations of turnout suggest that voting will rise if

more Americans believe that government is responsive.

Researchers have found that political apathy is _________ in the ​United States compared to almost all other nations.

much lower

The text defines __________ as the actions of private citizens by which they seek to influence or support government and politics.

political participation

In Smith v. Allwright, the Supreme Court found _________ is(are) unconstitutional.

preventing blacks from voting in primary elections

Unconventional political participation involving assembling crowds to confront businesses and local governments is known as​

direct action

A legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people in similar circumstances is also known as a(n)

class action suit

The purpose of the literacy tests that were used in the southern states after 1870 was to

discourage African Americans from voting.

The standard socioeconomic model of participation chiefly refers to

education, income, and occupation

The American emphasis on freedom over equality in political participation works to the benefit of

those with greater resources.

Compared with other nations in the world in granting suffrage to women, the United States

was among the first

To maintain order, the government has a stake in converting ______________ whenever possible.​

unconventional participation into conventional participation

The text defines suffrage and franchise as the right to

vote

If voter turnout was computed on the basis of registered voters, about ________ of Americans vote.

80 percent

During the Vietnam War, protesting students on college campuses

All of the above are true.

The amendment granting women's suffrage is the

Nineteenth Amendment

__________ is political action that expresses allegiance to country and government.​

Supportive behavior

Which of the following was the first known act of unconventional participation in America?

The Boston Tea Party

All of the following are regarded in the text as examples of unconventional participation except

Timothy McVeigh's 1995 bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City.

The amendment lowering the voting age to eighteen is the

Twenty-sixth Amendment

How does education affect voter turnout?

Well-educated people are more likely to vote than are their less-educated counterparts.

Elections, as an institutional mechanism,

bolster the power and authority of the state.

Women compared to men, and blacks compared to whites, tend to have political participation rates today that are​

about the same

In general today, women politically participate

at about the same rate as men.

Timothy McVeigh bombed the Oklahoma City federal building because he​

believed the U.S. government had become a police state.

A practical test of whether or not a government is democratic is whether

citizens can affect its policies by acting through its institutions.

Of all the social and economic variables affecting political participation, _________ is the strongest single factor.​

education

A 2013 supreme court decision regarding the Voting Rights Act allowed numerous states to

enforce new voter identification laws

Congress and the states moved quickly to pass the Twenty-sixth Amendment, which lowered the voting age to eighteen, because they

hoped to channel student energy away from demonstrations and toward more conventional forms of participation.

Voting in the United States decreased during the 1970s and 1980s. Other forms of participation

increased or remained stable

Americans are less likely to __________ than citizens of other countries.

join demonstrations

In 2012 and 2013, voters approved a number of ballot propositions, including ones in Colorado and Washington that​

legalized marijuana

Characteristics frequently associated with nonvoters are

low education, low income, and being relatively young.

According to the text, Americans were __________ ​politically apathetic in 2012 compared to 1952.

neither more nor less

According to the text, if the criterion is ___________, America has the best and most democratic government in the world.

number of elections held

Someone who asserts that elections "socialize political activity" is contending that elections are mechanisms that maintain

order

The ability of groups to make government respond to their special problems is best described as part of ________ theory.​

pluralist

A direct primary is a

preliminary election to choose party candidates

The effect of the Twenty-sixth Amendment, which enfranchised eighteen-to-twenty-year-olds, was to

reduce the national turnout rate.

According to the text, violent unconventional political participation is

sometimes worth the risk

The 1955 Montgomery bus boycott is an example of​

successful unconventional political participation.

Although terrorism is an unconventional political action, it is generally not counted as unconventional political participation because

terrorists do not seek to influence government but to destroy it.

By law, the U.S. presidential election occurs

the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.

In nearly every other democratic country, the burden of registration is placed on

the government

The framers of the Constitution left the issue of voter enfranchisement to

the states

Political scientists know less about unconventional forms of political participation because

they are biased toward institutionalized, or conventional, politics, and it is easier to collect data on conventional practices.

Studies of Americans who engage in "contacting behavior" like complaining to city hall find

they are not more likely to vote than other Americans.

One recent criticism of referenda and initiatives is that

they create an expensive "industry" designed around circulating petitions and spending millions.