Government Unit 1 Test

Before it could take effect, the Constitution had to be ratified by __________ states.

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One result of the Second Continental Congress was

Adoption of the Declaration of Independence

The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

Checks and balances

The basic standard of substantive democracy is that government must guarantee

Civil rights and liberties

Americans are likely to think of freedom and equality as​

Complementary

Deciding on the legality of marijuana through ballot propositions is an example of

Direct democracy

Suppose that top government jobs for both political parties are filled only from an inner circle of top corporate leaders. This would be evidence for

Elite theory

When one person has the same chance to succeed in life as another, this is called

Equality of opportunity

Supporters of the Constitution named themselves

Federalists

Franklin Roosevelt's four freedoms included all of the following except

Freedom from inequality

A citizen's group gathers enough signatures on a petition to force a popular vote on a statewide lottery proposal. This proposal would represent a(n)

Initiative

Any organization of individuals formed on the basis of common interest to influence public policy is called a(n)

Intrest group

The key principle argued in the case Marbury v. Madison was

Judicial review

Protection of private property is NOT a valid objective of government according to​

Karl Marx

Article I of the Constitution refers to the

Legislative Branch

Established procedures and organizations that translate public opinion into government policy, like elections, are known as institutional

Mechanisms

An important problem with the procedural view of democracy is that it can clash with​

Minority rights

Amendments to the constitution may be proposed by two-thirds votes in both the House and the Senate or by​ a

National convention

A form of government that puts power in the hands of an elite is a(n)​

Oligarchy

A consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government is a(n)

Political ideology

_________ theory implies that a group should determine what the majority of its participants want to do.​

Procedural

_____ addresses the questions "Who should participate in decision making? and How many votes are needed to reach a decision?"

Procedural democratic theory

Services that benefit all citizens and are not likely to be produced by the voluntary acts of individuals are known as

Public goods

Although the United States is a capitalist country, the government does intervene in the economic arena, primarily through

Regulating private business

Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to

Revise the articles of confederation

Hobbes state of nature refers to

Society without government

Freedom of religion or freedom of speech are _________ principles.

Substantive

Which document proclaimed, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights"?

The Declaration of Independence

The plan presented at the Constitutional Convention generally favored ​by large states was

The Virginia plan

Using the state to redistribute income is a policy based on​

The philosophy of Karl Marx

According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

There would be one house, and all states would have equal representation in it.

Which political philosopher expressed the sentiment that life in a state of nature would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short?"

Thomas Hobbes

John Locke's views on government are expressed in

Two Treatises of Government

According to procedural theory, the government should do

Whatever the majority wants

A confederation can best be described as

a loose association of independent states.

National sovereignty is defined as

a political entity's externally recognized right to exercise final authority over its affairs.

Thomas Hobbes's ideal form of government was

a single ruler with unquestioned authority.

The Great Compromise provided for

a two-chamber legislature with equal representation for all states in one chamber and population-based representation in the other.

Whether a political system is "democratic" is chiefly defined by which of the following?

cannot be simply defined as it is not a "yes or no" question

In a system of participatory democracy,

citizens govern themselves, without electing representatives

The original draft of the Declaration of Independence

condemned the king's support of the slave trade

The text suggests that the United States struggled to promote democracy in countries that

could not accept high degree of tolerance and freedom allowed to all groups in society.

Social order is usually defined as

established patterns of authority and traditional modes of behavior.

The constitutional amendment process requires

extraordinary majorities

The main disadvantage of the pluralist model is that it

favors groups who need help the least.

One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans

left unspecified how many people might comprise the executive

The broad, basic definition of government given by the text is

legitimate use of force within specified geographic boundaries to control human behavior.

All of the following are principles of procedural democracy except

minority rights

An autocracy is a political system ruled by

one individual

New England town meetings are an example of

participatory democracy

Each citizen having one vote demonstrates

political equality

Democratization is the

process of transition as a country attempts to move from an authoritarian form of government to a democratic one.

The three-fifths compromise resolved the issue of​

representation of slaves

A republic is a government

resting on the consent of the governed through their representatives.

The notion that governmental authority springs from the consent of the governed is derived from

social contract theory.

Western Europe's experience with democratic socialism demonstrates that

socialism can be practiced along with personal freedoms and democratic participation.

A government pursuing laissez-faire policies would

take a hands-off attitude toward the economy

An example of a government policy that promotes social equality without redistributing income is

the U.S Supreme Court holding that state laws banning same-sex marriage were unconstitutional.

The broad, basic definition of politics given by the text is

the authoritative allocation of values for a society.

The chief objective of the First Continental Congress was​ to

​restore peaceful relations between the colonies and Great Britain.