Grade 8 Science Static Electricity
Electricity
-a form of energy that is produced when when electrons move from one place to another
How many valence electrons does a conductor have?
1-3
How many valence electrons does a semi-conductor have?
3-5 OR 4
How many valence electrons does an insulator have?
5-8
Static Charge (Static Electricity)
A buildup of charge on an object
Give me an example of a metal listed on the Periodic Table of Elements
Aluminum
What is Grounding?
Connecting an object to earth with a conductor
What are the three methods of creating a static charge?
Friction, conduction, induction
What does the number of VE tell us?
If an atom is a conductor or an insulator
Do conductors or insulators want to gain electrons? Why?
Insulators because they want to be the best insulator possible by reaching 8 VE in the outer most orbital
What does electricity provide us?
Light, Heat, Sound, Motion
If Electrons are greater than the amount of protons in an atom then the charge will be
Negative
If Electrons and Protons are the same in an atom what will the charge be?
Neutral
What is the charge of a "normal" atom?
Neutral. Normal atoms have the same number of protons (+) and electrons (-)
How do objects get charged?
Objects can lose or gain electrons
What types of materials are good at TAKING electrons from other objects (and holding onto electrons)?
Plastic materials (rubber, latex, vinyl, styrofoam, etc)
Give me a characteristic of a insulator
Poor conductor Dull Luster Brittle Low Density Wants to gain electrons
If Electrons are less than the amount of protons in an atom then the charge will be
Positive
Two Types of Charges
Positive (caused by protons) Negative (caused by electrons)
What are some examples of a static charge?
Rubbing a balloon on your hair Lightning Getting zapped by metal bolts on a plastic slide Socks on a trampoline/carpet Socks in the dryer
What is the most amount of electrons in the outer most layer?
Seven
Give me a Characteristic of a conductor
Shiny Poor Insulator Malleable High Density Wants to Lose Electrons
Give me an example of a metalloid listed on the Periodic Table of Elements
Silicon
Give me an example of a non-metal listed on the Periodic Table of Elements
Sulfer
Electron
The particle of an atom with a NEGATIVE charge
Neutron
The particle of an atom with a NEUTRAL charge (meaning it is not charged)
Proton
The particle of an atom with a POSITIVE charge
Define CHARGING by friction
Two objects rubbing together
What is the Greek Word for Amber?
electron
Where do electrons live?
electron cloud
Repel
like charges (+ and +) ( - and -)
conductors
materials that allow electric charges to flow through them easily; ex. copper, silver, gold, aluminum
insulators
materials that prevent electric charges from flowing through them easily. ex. rubber, plastic, glass
Attract
opposite charges (+ and -)
static cling
when two oppositely charged objects stick together
