Gross Anatomy Exam 1 Questions

A small posterolateral herniation of the C5-C6 disc will typically cause an irritative lesion of the ____________ spinal nerve.

C6 spinal nerve

Contraction of the triceps muscle elicited by tapping its tendon is a good test of the ____________ segment of the spinal cord.

C7

Which action at the shoulder joint would NOT be affected if the deltoid muscle were paralyzed? a. Adduction b. Flexion c. Abduction d. Extension

a. Adduction

A destructive lesion of the musculocutaneous nerve would result in all the following, EXCEPT? a. Paralysis or weakness of the triceps muscle b. Damage to some of the axons derived from C5 and C6 ventral rami c. Severe weakness in flexion at the elbow joint d. Diminished cutaneous sensation on the lateral surface of the forearm

a. Paralysis or weakness of the triceps muscle

Which of the following statements about the back is INCORRECT? a. The erector spinae receives motor innervation from the dorsal roots of spinal nerves b. Bilateral shortening contractions of the erector spinae muscles will extend the spine. c. The posterior longitudinal ligament is located in the anterior wall of the vertebral canal. d. The spinous process of the T7 vertebra is located on a line connecting the inferior angles of the scapulae.

a. The erector spinae receives motor innervation from the dorsal roots of spinal nerves

Trauma to the medial epicondyle of the humerus is most likely to injure which of the following nerves? a. Ulnar b. Median c. Radial d. Musculocutaneous

a. Ulnar

Which of the following is found at the L2 vertebral level? a. conus medullaris b. caudal limit of the subarachnoid space c. L2 spinal cord segment d. inferior angle of the scapula

a. conus medullaris

Direct metastasis of tumor cells from a primary site in the pelvis or abdomen to a secondary site in the brain can occur via a plexus of valveless veins located in which of the following? a. epidural space b. dural sac c. subdural space d. subarachnoid space

a. epidural space

Paralysis of all of the intrinsic muscles of the hand would occur following a destructive lesion of the... a. inferior trunk of the brachial plexus b. posterior cord of the brachial plexus c. median nerve d. ulnar nerve.

a. inferior trunk of the brachial plexus

Concerning the long thoracic nerve, which of the following is correct? a. is formed from branches from ventral rami C5,C6 and C7 b. innervates the latissimus doors muscle c. if lesioned results in lateral winging of the scapula d. it crosses the anterior surface o the anterior scalene muscle

a. is formed from branches from ventral rami C5,C6 and C7

Starting from the upright standing position, when you bend your spinal laterally to the right which of the following does not occur? a. isometric contraction of the ipsilateral erector spinae b. gravity acts as one of the prime movers c. compression of the ipsilateral side of the intervertebral disc d. lengthening contraction of the contralateral side

a. isometric contraction of the ipsilateral erector spinae

All of the following are true about the biceps brachia muscle EXCEPT: a. it is innervated by the median nerve b. it inserts into the radius c. its long head flexes both elbow and holder joints d. it is string supinator

a. it is innervated by the median nerve

An injury to the brachial plexus that totally paralyzed all parts of the pectoralis major muscle would have to involve the... a. medial and lateral cords b. middle and inferior trunks c. anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks d. posterior divisions of all three trunks.

a. medial and lateral cords

You are unable to flex the MP and PIP and DIP joint of the 2nd and 3rd digits. Which nerve is lesioned? a. median b. ulnar c. radial d. axillary

a. median

Which of the following nerves in INCORRECTLY matched with a muscle it innervates? a. median- interosseous muscle b. radial- extensor indicis c. ulnar- flexor carpi ulnas d. median- lateral 2 lumbericals

a. median- interosseous muscle (deep ulnar branch of ulnar nerve)

The structures most likely to be injured by a mid shaft fracture of the humerus are the: a. radial nerve and deep (brachial) artery of the arm b. musculocutaneous nerve and axillary artery c. axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery d. median nerve and brachial artery

a. radial nerve and deep (brachial) artery of the arm

Difficulty abducting or raising the right upper extremity over the head would most likely be explained by a lesion to which of the following structures? a. right accessory nerve b. right lower sub scapular nerve c. dorsal rami in the right upper back d. right thoracodorsal nerve

a. right accessory nerve

Because of cross-talk between sensory neurons in the spinal cord, painful stimuli from the central part of diaphragm can be referred to skin overlying the... a. shoulder pad region b. angle of the mandible c. lateral forearm d. medial arm.

a. shoulder pad region

Which of the following is NOT innervated by dorsal rami? a. skin on the lateral 1/3 of the back b. erector spinae muscle c. zygapophyseal joints d. supraspinous ligaments

a. skin on the lateral 1/3 of the back b. erector spinae muscle

A tendonitis involving the tendon forming the floor of the subacromial (subdeltoid) bursa is the most common cause of subacromial bursitis. That tendon is the.... a. supraspinatus tendon b. infraspinatus tendon c. trapezius tendon d. serrates anterior tendon

a. supraspinatus tendon

A lesion of the ___________ nerve will result in lateral winging of the scapula.

accessory

Which of the following actions at the shoulder joint could NOT BE INITIATED if the suprascapular nerve was severed? a. Medial rotation b. Abduction c. Lateral rotation d.Adduction

b. Abduction

Which of the following is NOT innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve? a. Coracobrachial b. Brachioradialis c. Biceps Brachii d. Brachialis

b. Brachioradialis

Which muscle has portions that can perform shoulder flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation and abduction? a. Pectoralis major b. Deltoid c. Supraspinatus d. Subscapularis

b. Deltoid

If there was a destructive lesion of the upper and lower subscapular nerves. Which actions would be weakened or impaired? a. Flexion at the elbow joint and supination of the forearm. b. Internal rotation and adduction at the shoulder joint. c. External rotation and adduction at the shoulder joint. d. External rotation and abduction at the shoulder joint.

b. Internal rotation and adduction at the shoulder joint.

Which of the following structures are located in the anterior boundary of a lumbar intervertebral foramen? a. Pedicle b. Intervertebral disc c. Zygapophyseal joint d. None of the above

b. Intervertebral disc

Paralysis of which of the following muscles would compromise adduction of the upper extremity at the shoulder joint? a. Supraspinatus b. Latissimus dorsi c. Infraspinatus d. Serratus Anterior

b. Latissimus dorsi

Which of the following muscles inserts on the first metacarpal bone of the thumb? a. Abductor pollicis brevis b. Opponens pollicis c. Adductor pollicis d. Flexor pollicis brevis

b. Opponens pollicis

Which of the following rotator cuff muscles does not insert on the greater tuberosity of the humerus? a. Supraspinatus b. Subscapularis c. Infraspinatus d. Teres minor

b. Subscapularis

The spinous process of which vertebra is located along a line drawn between the spines of the scapula? a. C7 b. T3 c. T4 d. T7

b. T3

Which of the following statements about the back is INCORRECT ? a. Denticulate ligaments are extensions of pia mater that attach to the dura and help stabilize the spinal cord. b. The internal vertebral venous plexus is found in the subdural space c. The supraspinous ligament helps to resist excessive flexion of the vertebral column. d. The zygapophyseal joint spaces in the lumbar spine are oriented in the sagittal plane.

b. The internal vertebral venous plexus is found in the subdural space

Compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel could cause all of the following EXCEPT... a. weakness in thumb opposition b. diminished sensation in skin on the pain c. weakness in simultaneous MP flexion and IP extension of the middle finger d. weakness in thumb flexio

b. diminished sensation in skin on the pain

The carpal tunnel contains all of the following EXCEPT... a. flexor pollicis longus tendon b. extensor pollicis longus tendon c. flexor digitorum superfialis tendon d. flexor digitalis profundus tendon

b. extensor pollicis longus tendon

All of the following are innervated by the median nerve EXCEPT... a. flexor carpi radialis b. flexor carpi ulnaris c. pronator teres d. palmaris longus

b. flexor carpi ulnaris

Which of the following muscles can simultaneously flex the MP, PIP and DIP joints in the hand? a. lumbericals b. flexor digitorum profundus c. interossei d. A and C

b. flexor digitorum profundus

The anatomical snuff box.... a. has the ulnar artery in its floor b. its bound by the extensor pollicis longus and extensor polices braves muscles c. has the hamate bone on its floor d. is bounded by the adductor pollicis and extensor carpi radials longus muscle

b. its bound by the extensor pollicis longus and extensor polices braves muscles

Which of the following muscles is NOT correctly paired with its motor nerve? a. pectorals major- lateral pectoral nerve b. latissimus dorsi- long thoracic nerve c. pectoralis minor- medial pectoral nerve d. deltoid-axillary nerve

b. latissimus dorsi- long thoracic nerve

A patient presenting with an inability to fully elevate the upper limb overhead by flexion or abduction at the shoulder because of weakness in upward rotation of the glenoid and a medial winging of the scapula that is exaggerated by pushing against a wall with the hand has a lesion of the... a. axillary nerve b. long thoracic nerve c. accessory nerve d. suprascapular nerve.

b. long thoracic nerve

Which of the following deficits would be LEAST LIKELY to be present following a midshaft fracture of the humerus? a. weakness in wrist extension b. loss of elbow extension c. weakness in extension at the MP joints d. diminished sensation on the dorsum of the lateral hand

b. loss of elbow extension

A lesion in the ulnar nerve at the wrist would cause all of the following EXCEPT: a. a loss of adduction of the thumb b. loss of sensation over palmer surface of the thumb c. loss of function of the lumberical muscles for the 4th and 5th digits d. loss of abduction of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th digit

b. loss of sensation over palmer surface of the thumb

A lesion of the superior trunk of the brachial plexus would have an effect on all of the following EXCEPT the: a. lateral pectoral nerve b. medial pectoral nerve c. upper sub scapular nerve d. lower sub scapular nerve

b. medial pectoral nerve

Which of the following muscle - insertion pairs is INCORRECT? a. teres minor - greater tubercle of humerus b. pectoralis minor - acromion process of scapula c. subscapularis - lesser tubercle of humerus d. serratus anterior - anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula

b. pectoralis minor - acromion process of scapula

Loss of the ability to extend the elbow would result from damage to which cord of the brachial plexus? a. medial b. posterior c. lateral d. anterior

b. posterior

Which of the following arteries is most at risk in surgical neck fractures of the humerus? a. suprascapular b. posterior humeral circumflex c. axillary d. deep artery of the arm

b. posterior humeral circumflex

What single vessel would be in greatest jeopardy from a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus? a. circumflex scapular artery b. posterior humeral circumflex artery c. dorsal scapular artery d. suprascapular artery

b. posterior humeral circumflex artery

The cell bodies of the motor neurons that innervate the erector spinae muscle are located in the. a. brain. b. spinal cord c. dorsal root ganglion d. vental rami.

b. spinal cord

Narrowing of the scalene interval could potentially result in compression of all the following expect: a. inferior trunk of the brachial plexus b. subclavian vein c. C7 ventral Camus d. subclavian artery

b. subclavian vein

An injury to the superior trunk of the brachial plexus will compromise at least some of the functions of all of the following nerves EXCEPT the... a. radial nerve b. ulnar nerve c. musculocutaneous nerve d. axillary nerve.

b. ulnar nerve

You suffer a complete destructive lesion of the radial nerve at the level of the elbow. Which of the following motor or sensory deficits would you experience? a. unable to. adduct the thumb b. unable to extend the digits at the MP joints c. unable to flex the wrist d. sensory deficit on skin overlaying the medial part of the dorsal of the hand

b. unable to extend the digits at the MP joints

A lesion of the radial nerve at the elbow could result in which of the following symptoms? a. loss of thumb adduction b. weakness in thumb abduction c. weakness in flexion of the index finger d. weakness in abduction of the index finger

b. weakness in thumb abduction

A wrist injury immediately medial to the flexor carpi radials tendon could result in.... a. loss of thumb adduction b. weakness in thumb abduction c. weakness in thumb extension d. diminished sensation from the skin over the palmer surface of the little finger

b. weakness in thumb abduction

Due to repetitive use of a computer keyboard while writing exam questions, a professor developed an inflammation of the synovial sheath around tendons in the carpal tunnel. This resulted in compression damage to the major nerve passing through the carpal tunnel. Which of the following symptoms would not occur? a. weakness in the opponens pollicis muscle b. weakness of the first dorsal interosseous muscle c. numbness in the fingertip of the index finger d. weakness in the lumberical muscle of the third digit

b. weakness of the first dorsal interosseous muscle

The cell bodies of the sensory neurons for the C4 dermatome are located in the a. brain b. C4 spinal cord segment c. C4 dorsal root ganglion d. skin on shoulder pad area

c. C4 dorsal root ganglion

Your patient was diagnosed to have a narrowing of the scalene interval. Which of the following structures would MOST LIKELY be affected by this condition? a. Phrenic nerve b. Subclavian vein c. Inferior trunk of the brachial plexus d. Suprascapular artery

c. Inferior trunk of the brachial plexus

If a patient presents with deep back muscle spams in the lumbar region and tingling in the L2 dermatome following lifting of a heavy object, where is the lesion most likely located? a. dorsal root of L2 b. ventral root of L2 c. L2 spinal nerve d. L2 ventral ramus

c. L2 spinal nerve

A small posterolateral herniation of the L3-L4 intervertebral disc would typically produce pain in which of the following dermatomes? a. L2 b. L3 c. L4 d. L5

c. L4

CT image of a patient's lumbar spine show a small posterior lateral herniation of the L3-L4 intervertebral disc. This patient would most likely experience symptoms in which of the following dermatomes? a. L2 b. L3 c. L4 d. L5

c. L4

A line connecting the highest level of the iliac crest would intersect the spinous process of the... a. L1 vertebrae b. L2 vertebrae c. L4 vertebrae d. S2 vertebrae

c. L4 vertebrae

Inability to supinate the forearm could result from an injury to which of the following nerves? a. Axillary and radial b. Musculocutaneous and median c. Radial and musculocutaneous d. Median and ulnar

c. Radial and musculocutaneous

Which of the following anatomical features make the lumbar region a good site for performing spinal taps? a. The interlaminar spaces are smaller than at higher vertebral levels b. The conus medullaris is located at the S1/S2 vertebral levels. c. The spinous processes do not overlap. d. The subarachnoid space terminates at the L1/L2 vertebral level.

c. The spinous processes do not overlap.

A midshaft fracture of the humerus typically would NOT affect the innervation of which of the following muscles? a. Brachioradialis b. Extensor carpi ulnaris c. Triceps d. Supinator

c. Triceps

A dermatome is an area of skin innervated by which of the following? a. a single dorsal root b. a single dorsal ramus c. a single spinal nerve d. a single ventral ramus

c. a single spinal nerve

Which of the following movements of the upper extremity would be most painful there were tendinitis of the supraspinatus muscle? a. adduction of the arm at the shoulder b. internal rotation of the humerus c. abduction of the arm at the shoulder d. external rotation of the humerus

c. abduction of the arm at the shoulder

Which of the following ligaments would limit excessive extension of the spine? a. posterior longitudinal ligament b. supraspinous ligaments c. anterior longitudinal ligament d. ligamentum flavum

c. anterior longitudinal ligament

Which of the following groups of lymph nodes typically receives most of the direct drainage from a. supraclavicular b. scalene c. axillary d. parasternal

c. axillary

Thee anterior division of the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus... a. merges with the anterior division of the middle trunk to form the lateral cord b. is composed of contributions from the C6, C7 and C8 ventral rami. c. becomes the medial cord of the brachial plexus d. gives rise to the nerve to the latissimus dorsi muscle.

c. becomes the medial cord of the brachial plexus

When you test elbow flexion with the forearm forcibly pronated, the muscle you are isolating and testing is the... a. pronator teres. b. brachioradialis. c. brachialis d. biceps brachii.

c. brachialis

Which of the following statements is NOT correct? a. a line drawn between the tops of the iliac crest intersect the spinous process of the L4 vertebra b. the filum terminale and denticulate ligament are composed of pia mater c. cerebrospinal fluid is found in a space between the dura and arachnoid meningeal layers d. the epidural space contains a venous plexus that connects veins in the pelvic abdominal region with veins in the cranial cavity.

c. cerebrospinal fluid is found in a space between the dura and arachnoid meningeal layers

The middle trunk of the brachial plexus is formed as a consequence of a... a. emerge from C6 and C7 ventral rami b. emerge of C8 and T1 dorsal rami c. continuation of C7 ventral rams d. emerge of C3, C4 and C5 ventral rami

c. continuation of C7 ventral rams

The best test for the trapezius is... a. extension of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint b. abductioon of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint c. elevation of the scapula (shoulder gridle) d. abduction of the scapula

c. elevation of the scapula (shoulder gridle)

Adduction at the wrist can be produced by which of the following muscles? a. flexor carpi radialis b. brachioradialis c. extensor carpi ulnaris d. flexor digitorum prundus

c. extensor carpi ulnaris

Which of the following statements about the shoulder joint is NOT correct? a. it is formed by articulation of the humeral head with the glenoid fossa b. its joint capsule has no muscle reinforcement inferiorly c. it has a bursa overlying its superior aspect to reduce friction between acromium and the tendon of subscapularis d. it relies on four rotator cuff muscles to maintain joint contact during shoulder motion

c. it has a bursa overlying its superior aspect to reduce friction between acromium and the tendon of subscapularis

In order to check the radial arterial pulse, you would palpate there artery just proximal to the wrist and... a. medial to the flexor carpi radialis tendon b. lateral to the palmaris longus tendon c. lateral to the flexor carpi radialis tendon d. lateral to the carpi ulnaris tendon

c. lateral to the flexor carpi radialis tendon

Which of the following correctly describes the location of the median nerve at the wrist? a. lateral to the radial artery b. lateral to the flexor carpi radialis tendon c. lateral to the palmaris longus tendon d. medial to the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon

c. lateral to the palmaris longus tendon

Upon examination, a patient demonstrates medial winging of the scapula. A lesion in which of the following nerves would produce this symptom? a. spinal accessory nerve b. axillary nerve c. long thoracic nerve d. dorsal scapular nerve

c. long thoracic nerve

Nerve damage that impairs flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint of the index finger also produces which of the following conditions? a. similar paralysis of the little finger b. complete paralysis of the thumb c. loss of sensation over the distal part of the second digit d. loss of supination

c. loss of sensation over the distal part of the second digit

Which of the following muscles and action is paired INCORRECTLY? a. extensor pollicis longus- thumb extension at the IP joint b. extensor carpi radialis longus- wrist abduction c. lumbricals- stimulaneous MP extension and IP flex of digits 2-5 d. flexor digitorum superficialis- PIP flexion of digits 2-5

c. lumbricals- stimulaneous MP extension and IP flex of digits 2-5

Which of the following structures is located most medial in the cubital fossa? a. biceps brachii tendon b. brachial artery c. median nerve d. radial nerve

c. median nerve

A lesion of all the following could result in paralysis of the deltoid muscle, EXCEPT: a. posterior cord of brachial plexus b. C5 and C6 ventral rami of spinal nerve c. middle trunk of the brachial plexus d. axillary nerve

c. middle trunk of the brachial plexus

Irritation of the diaphragm may result in pain being referred to the skin.... a. on the lateral surface of the forearm b. overlaying the vertebra prominens c. overlaying the shoulder d. on the medial surface of the arm

c. overlaying the shoulder

Extension of the index finger with a closed fist is a good test of which of the following nerves? a. median b. ulnar c. radial d. musculocutaneous

c. radial

On a plain film x-ray, black or darker areas on the image represent structures that are... a. radiopaque b. dense c. radiolucent d. superimposed

c. radiolucent

On a plain film x-ray, which of the following would NOTjbe represented by the "white" or "light" areas on the image? a. radiopaque structures b. more dense structures c. radiolucent structures c. thicker structures

c. radiolucent structures

A dermatome is the area of skin that is innervated by a single.... a. dorsal root b. dorsal ramus c. spinal nerve d. cutaneous nerve

c. spinal nerve

An irritative lesion of a spinal nerve could be caused by pathological changes in all of the following EXCEPT? a. intervertebral disc b. zygopophyseal joint c. spinous process of vertebra d. pedicle of vertebra

c. spinous process of vertebra

Pathological changes in which of the following would LEAST LIKELY cause an irritative, lesion of a spinal nerve? a. intervertebral disc b. zygapophyseal joint c. spinous process of vertebra d. vertebral body

c. spinous process of vertebra

The lateral cord of the brachial plexus is formed by the convergence of the anterior divisions of the.... a. middle and inferior trunks b. middle trunk only c. superior and middle trunks d. superior trunks only

c. superior and middle trunks

A patient with entrapment of the suprascapular nerve as it courses through the scapular notch will have weakness or paralysis of the... a. pectoralis major and minor muscles b. subscapularis and teres major muscles. c. supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. d. teres major and minor muscles

c. supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles.

A young women was preparing to give blood at the local Red Cross Blood Drive. During the venous puncture procedure in the cubital fossa she suddenly experienced sharp pain, particularly over the lateral part of her palm. Which of the following most likely explains her pain? a. the needle punctured the radial nerve b. the brachial vein was pierced c. the medial nerve was pierced d. the ulnar nerve was pierced

c. the medial nerve was pierced

Which of the following statements is NOT correct? a. the epidural space contains valveless veins which connect to veins in the pelvis, abdomen, thorax and cranial cavity b. the subarachnoid space extends inferiorly to the level of the S1-2 vertebrae c. the subdural space contains cerebrospinal fluid d. the inferior end of the conus medullar is is located at the level of L1-2 vertebrae

c. the subdural space contains cerebrospinal fluid

The best test for the right sternocleidomastoid muscle is. a. elevation of the sternum. b. laterally bend the neck to the left against resistance c. turn the chin to the left against resistance. d. turn the chin to the right against resistance.

c. turn the chin to the left against resistance.

Partial loss of sensation (hypesthesia) over the medial half of the ring finger and the little finger on both its polar (palmer) and dorsal aspect would suggest an injury to which of the following terminal nerve? a. radial b. musculocutaneous c. ulnar d. median

c. ulnar

A lesion of the median nerve at the elbow could cause all of the following EXCEPT. a. weakness in finger flexion b. weakness in wrist flexion c. weakness in wrist adduction d. weakness in wrist abduction

c. weakness in wrist adduction

The serrates anterior muscle: a. is a downward rotator of the scapula b. is important in adduction of the upper limb c.attaches to the ribs d. is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve

c.attaches to the ribs

A traumatic injury has severed a patient's spinal cord at the Tl 1 vertebral level. Sensation would be lost in which of the following dermatomes? a. T11 only b. T11 thru S5 c. T12 thru S5 d. L2 thru S5

d. L2 thru S5

A traumatic injury has crushed a patient's spinal cord at the T12 vertebral level. Sensation would must likely be affected in which of the following dermatomes? a. T12 only b. T12 thru S5 c. T12 and L1 d. L4 thru S5

d. L4 thru S5

Which of the following branches of the cervical plexus provides sensory innervation of the "shoulder pad" region? a. Transverse cervical nerve b. Greater auricular nerve c. Lesser occipital nerve d. Supraclavicular nerve

d. Supraclavicular nerve

Regarding the back, which of the following statements is CORRECT? a. During lateral bending, the ipsilateral erector spinae muscles undergo lengthening contractions. b. The nucleus pulposus is located anteriorly within an intervertebral disc. c. During flexion of the spine, posterior aspect of the intervertebral discs are subject to compressive forces. d. The cell bodies for the afferent nerve fibers found in spinal nerves are located in the dorsal root ganglia.

d. The cell bodies for the afferent nerve fibers found in spinal nerves are located in the dorsal root ganglia.

Dentist is unable to hold a piece of dental floss between his index and middle fingers because of an injury to which of the following nerves? a. Radial b.Median c.Musculocutaneous d. Ulnar

d. Ulnar

All of the following anatomical features make it advantageous to perform a spinal tap at the mid to lower lumbar vertebral level EXCEPT? a. large interlaminar space b. non-overlapping spinous processes c. absence of spinal cord d. absence of the subarachnoid space

d. absence of the subarachnoid space

Which of the following correctly describes the location of the brachial artery at the elbow? a. lateral to median nerve b. medial to the biceps brachii tendon c. deep to the bicipital groove d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Which the following would resist excessive extension of the vertebral column? a. ligamentum flavum b. posterior longitudinal ligament c. interspinous ligament d. anterior longitudinal ligament

d. anterior longitudinal ligament

Which of the following is NOT innervated by the dorsal rami? a. skin of the medial 2/3 of the back b. erector spinal muscle c.zygopophyseal joint d. anterior longitudinal ligament

d. anterior longitudinal ligament (innervated the posterior ligaments)

A fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus is most likely to injure the. a. radial nerve and deep brachial artery b. axillary nerve and thoracoacromial artery c. musculocutaneous nerve and subscapular artery d. axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery.

d. axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery.

Contraction of all the following will produce upward rotation of the lateral angle of the scapula EXCEPT the.... a. superior portion of the trapezius b. inferior portion of the trapezius c. serrates anterior d. latissimus dorsi

d. latissimus dorsi

A destructive lesion of the dorsal roots of the C8 spinal nerve will produce diminished sensation in skin on the... a. lateral forearm b. lateral hand c. middle finger d. medial hand

d. medial hand

Muscles of the anterior (flexor) compartment of the arm are innervated by the: a. ventral rami of C8 and T1 spinal nerve b. inferior trunk of the brachial plexus c. ulnar nerve d. musculocutaneous nerve

d. musculocutaneous nerve

A stab injury to the upper anterior arm left a security guard with significant weakness in elbow flexion and reduced sensation from the skin on the lateral side of his forearm. Which of the following nerves was probably lesioned? a. axillary b. medial cord of the brachial plexus c. median nerve d. musculocutanoeus

d. musculocutanoeus

A 40 year old man seeks medical attention at the emergency room. He reported that he fell at a construction site and suffered a deep wound to his posterior arm. An initial exam reveled that he could not extend his wrist, yet elbow extension was possible. A lesion to which of the following nerves is consistent with these findings? a. musculocutaneous b. axillary c. median d. radial

d. radial

Which of the following structures is NOT innervated by dorsal rami? a. erector spinae muscle b. facet joints c. skin over the medial 2/3 of the back d. superficial muscles of the back

d. superficial muscles of the back

Pain sensation from skin on the "shoulder pad" region of the upper limb is conveyed through the: a. axillary nerve b. lesser occipital nerve c. suprascapular nerve d. supraclavicular nerves.

d. supraclavicular nerves.

Which muscle - action pair is INCORRECT? a. latissimus dorsi - shoulder adduction b. rhomboids - scapular retraction (adduction) c. serratus anterior - upward rotation [of lateral angle] of the scapula d. terms major- lateral (external) rotation of the shoulder

d. terms major- lateral (external) rotation of the shoulder

Which of the following functional nerve fiber types conveys motor innervation to the sweat glands located in the skin over the medial 2/3 of the back? a. somatic afferent b. visceral afferent c. somatic efferent d. visceral efferent

d. visceral efferent

Which of the following functional nerve fiber types conveys motor, information to the sweat glands located in the skin over the medial 2/3 of the back? a. somatic afferent b. visceral afferent c. somatic efferent d. visceral efferent

d. visceral efferent

An ulnar nerve lesion at the wrist could cause all of the following deficits EXCEPT. a. weakness in index finger abductior b. weakness in index finger adduction c. weakness in thumb adduction d. weakness in thumb abduction

d. weakness in thumb abduction

Which of the following statements about the latissimus dorsi IS NOT correct? a. it extends the humerus at the glenohumeral joint b. it is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve c. it adducts the humerus at the glenohumeral joint d. when paralyzed it causes a winged scapula

d. when paralyzed it causes a winged scapula

The posterior border of an intervertebral foramen is formed by the.... a. posterior surface of the vertebral body b. posterior longitudinal ligament c. intervertebral disc d. zygapophyseal (facet) joint

d. zygapophyseal (facet) joint

Spinal nerves... a. are mixed nerves that are formed by the convergence of dorsal and ventral roots b. give rise to dorsal rami that innervate the skin of the medial 2/3 of the back, deep back muscles, and zygapophyseal joints, c. supply areas of skin called dermatomes. d.All of the above are correct.

d.All of the above are correct.

At the wrist, the pulse of the ulnar artery can be palpated just deep and lateral to the tendon of the ____________ muscle.

flexor carpi ulnaris

A lesion of the ________ nerve could weaken or paralyze the __________ muscle and produce medial winging of the scapula

long thoracic serrates anterior

A muscle is undergoing an isometric contraction against gravity and the number of active ____________ is slowly reduced the muscle will begin to undergo a lengthening contraction.

motor units

The _________ artery and ______ nerve are vulnerable to injury in a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus

posterior humeral circumflex and axillary nerve