hbs blood/heart, hbs 4.3-4.4 blood vessels/heart
femoral vein
brings blood from upper leg (thigh) back to common illiac vein (major vein of leg)
femoral artery
brings blood to femoral region, moves down leg (major artery of leg)
inferior vena cava
brings blood to heart from all body parts inferior to heart
superior vena cava
brings blood to heart from veins superior to heart
Atherosclerosis (specific)
build up of plaque (cholesterol/fats) on artery walls, obstructing blood flow
veins
carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
arteries
carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
systemic circulation
circulation that supplies blood to body, returns blood back to heart
medial cubital vein
connects the cephalic and basilic veins
factors that decrease cardiac output
constricting vessels, healthy heart
peripheral artery disease symptoms
cramping, numbness, tingling
factors that increase cardiac output
exercise, strong emotion, caffeine, heart rate
True or False: Pulmonary veins take unoxygenated blood away from the heart.
false
pulmonary circulation
flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
arteriosclerosis (general)
hardening of the arteries
if CO goes up
heart rate goes up
Cardiac output equation
heart rate x stroke volume
basilic vein
inner arm, bring blood from arm to subclavian
The most muscular chamber of the heart is the __________.
left ventricle
Pulse (heart rate)
# of times heart beats (contracts) every minute
common Illiac artery
branches off descending aorta arch to bring blood to each leg
subclavian vein
bring blood back from arms
internal jugular vein
brings blood back from head/neck
common illiac vein
brings blood from each leg back to inferior vena cava
dorsal venous network
brings blood from hand towards arm
descending aorta
brings blood from heart to all parts of body inferior to heart
ascending aorta
brings blood from heart to parts of body superior to heart
posterior tibial vein
brings blood from lower leg up towards femur
renal vein
brings blood from the kidneys to the inferior vena cava
veins have what
valves
cause of varicose veins
valves not working
heart conduction/steps of heart beat
1. SA node fires 2. Atria contract 3. AV node fires 4. signal travels to AV bundle 5. Signal travels to bundle branches 6. Signal travels to perkinje fibers 7. Ventricles contract
Heart blood flow order
Blood flows in the following sequence in the heart: Superior vena cava/Inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonic valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta
diastolic blood pressure
Pressure in the arteries when the heart relaxes and ventricles fill with blood (in between beats)
On the right side of the heart, blood flows from the right ventricle to the?
Pulmonic valve to the pulmonary artery
natural pacemaker of the heart
SA node
ulnar artery
blood down medial forearm to hand
radial artery
blood down to lateral arm to hand
what is the medial cubital vein used for
blood draws/IV
digital arteries
blood flow to fingers
superficial palmer arch
blood from wrist down to fingers
varicose veins
abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs
capillaries are the walls of
alveoli, allow diffusion
Cardiac Output (CO)
amount of blood pumped out by both ventricles per minute
stroke volume
amount of blood pumped out of heart every heart beat
ABI
ankle brachial index
What part of the heart delivers richly oxygenated blood to the body?
aorta
subclavian artery
blood to arm
carotid artery
blood to brain, neck, head
renal artery
blood to kidney
brachial artery
blood to lower arm
popliteal artery
back of knee, bring blood to lower leg
heart rate unit
beat/min
peripheral artery disease
blockage of arteries
stroke volume unit
mL/beat
cardiac output unit
mL/min or L/min
why is the interventricular septum important
make sure oxygenated/deoxygenated blood don't mix
systolic blood pressure
measures force heart exerts on artery walls each time it beats
posterior tibial artery
medial portion of leg, blood to lower leg and feet
Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right?
must pump blood to entire body
valves
prevent back flow of blood
What part of the heart delivers unoxygenated blood to the lungs?
pulmonary artery
What part of the heart delivers oxygenated blood to the heart?
pulmonary vein
The blood enters on the left side of the heart through the ______________ and enters the left atrium. It then passes through the _____________to enter the left ventricle.
pulmonary vein, bicuspid valve
What is the interventricular septum?
separates ventricles
two main factors that affect cardiac output
stroke volume, heart rate
Capillaries function
supply blood to tissue, exchange gas
coronary arteries
supply oxygenated blood to the heart
Arteries structure
thick walls, high blood pressure
veins structure
thin walls, lower blood pressure